Population Effects of Antiretroviral Therapy to Reduce HIV Transmission (PopART) (PopART)

• Combination prevention package including:

o House-to-house deployment of: Universal HIV counseling and testing; Active linkage to care for individuals diagnosed as HIV-infected, with immediate eligibility for ART; Promotion of male circumcision and prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) services; Provision of condoms; Strengthening of HIV testing and services at health facilities and other venues; Strengthening of male circumcision and prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV services available in the community; and Treatment of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and provision of condoms at health units

• PopART Intervention
• UTT

Combination prevention package including:

House-to-house deployment of: Universal HIV counseling and testing; Active linkage to care for individuals diagnosed as HIV-infected, with ART eligibility according to national guidelines; Promotion of male circumcision and PMTCT services; Provision of condoms; Strengthening of HIV testing and services at health facilities and other venues; Strengthening of male circumcision and PMTCT services available in the community; and Treatment of STIs and provision of condoms at health units.

• PopART Intervention

Includes:

Strengthening of HIV testing and ART services according to national guidelines at health facilities and other venues; Strengthening of male circumcision and PMTCT services available at health facilities and other venues in the community; and Treatment of STIs and provision of condoms at health facilities and other venues in the community.

ART safety and clinical events among Population Cohort participants initiating ART after commencement of the PopART intervention in the community, measured using routine health center data, and

ART safety and clinical events among health center attendees who initiated ART after commencement of the PopART intervention in the community, measured using routine health center data

• Case notification rates of bacteriologically-confirmed TB diagnosed among the general population of patients seeking care at health centers as recorded by health centers
• TB mortality among TB cases in the community as recorded by health centers

• Self-reported data on stigma indicators at enrollment, 12 months, 24 months, and 36 months in the Population Cohort
• Qualitative interviews in selected members of the general population in Arms A, B, and

• Self-reported use of services for PMTCT at Enrollment, 12 months, 24 months, and 36 months among HIV-infected women in the Population Cohort who had been pregnant in the prior 12 months
• Uptake of PMTCT services at health centers
• Uptake of PMTCT as indicated in data collected in households by CHiPs

• Self-reported circumcision status/uptake at Enrollment, 12 months, 24 months, and 36 months of men in the Population Cohort
• Uptake of circumcision in the community as indicated in health center data
• Uptake of circumcision as indicated in data collected in households by CHiPs

• The proportion of Population Cohort members, identified as HIV-infected who screen for ART eligibility, and who subsequently initiate ART
• Proportion of community members, identified as HIV-infected in data from CHiP teams, who screen for ART eligibility, and who subsequently initiate ART, as indicated in health center data

• Self-reported recent HIV testing at Enrollment, 12 months, 24 months, and 36 months in the Population Cohort
• The number of adults (16 years and older) in the household and the number of HIV tests performed as indicated in data from CHiP teams and health centers

• The proportion of Population Cohort members initiating HIV care within 3 months of a positive HIV diagnosis
• The proportion of community members initiating HIV care within 3 months of HIV diagnosis as indicated in data from CHiP teams (provision of HIV positive result) and health center data (date of care initiation)