Antibiotic Tissue Penetration and Tissue Response in Head and Neck Infection and Reconstructive Surgery (ANTIBIOTIKA)
Antibiotic Penetration and Tissue Response in Infection and Reconstructive Surgery of the Head and Neck Region: A Microdialysis Study of Cefuroxime, Cloxacillin, Dicloxacillin, and Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid
The goal of this study is to measure how well commonly used antibiotics reach the tissue in the head and neck region in adults with a postoperative neck infection or undergoing reconstructive nasal surgery with an inferior turbinate flap. The study also describes markers of ischemia and inflammation in the newly created flap during the first days after surgery.
The main question it aims to answer is: For how long do the free concentrations of cefuroxime, cloxacillin, dicloxacillin, and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid stay above the minimal inhibitory concentration (T>MIC) in infected tissue, non-infected tissue, the flap, and plasma?
Participants will receive the antibiotics on a fixed, protocol-defined schedule for about two days. Small microdialysis catheters will be placed in the tissue to collect fluid continuously, and serial blood samples will be drawn. Participation ends when the last sample is collected and the catheters are removed.
Visão geral do estudo
Status
Descrição detalhada
Infections in the head and neck region and reconstructive surgery in the nasal and sinus area are associated with considerable morbidity and require effective antibiotic treatment. Treatment is based mainly on systemic antibiotic concentrations, but little is known about actual tissue penetration in infected tissue and in reconstructed flaps, where perfusion, edema, ischemia, and inflammation may alter drug distribution. Microdialysis is a minimally invasive method for continuous sampling of free, pharmacologically active drug concentrations and metabolic and inflammatory markers in the extracellular fluid.
This is a prospective, non-randomized, open-label, exploratory interventional study with two sub-studies and a total of 16 participants. All study drugs are marketed antibiotics used in routine clinical practice; they are administered in a protocol-defined regimen to allow pharmacokinetic sampling.
Sub-study 1 (n=8): Adults admitted with a postoperative infection in the neck. Treatment is started on day 1 with cefuroxime 750 mg IV four times daily and dicloxacillin 1000 mg orally four times daily. On day 2, microdialysis catheters are placed in infected and non-infected subcutaneous tissue of the neck, and sampling is performed over two consecutive dosing intervals: (1) cefuroxime 750 mg IV plus dicloxacillin 1000 mg orally, sampled for 6 hours; and (2) cefuroxime 1500 mg IV plus cloxacillin 1000 mg IV, sampled for 8 hours. This allows comparison of two cefuroxime doses and of oral dicloxacillin versus intravenous cloxacillin.
Sub-study 2 (n=8): Adults undergoing reconstructive surgery with an inferior turbinate flap (IFT flap). Postoperatively, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 500/125 mg and dicloxacillin 1000 mg are given orally three times daily. Microdialysis catheters are placed in the flap and in the nasal septal mucosa (reference tissue). Ischemia markers (glucose, lactate, pyruvate, glycerol) and inflammatory proteins are sampled hourly during the first 6 postoperative hours and in the morning and evening of day 2. Antibiotic concentrations are measured over one dosing interval after the morning dose on day 2.
In both sub-studies, dialysate is collected in 30-60 minute intervals and serial blood samples are drawn for plasma concentrations. Catheters are calibrated in vivo at the end of sampling. Drug concentrations are analysed by LC-MS. Clinically indicated treatment can be changed by the treating physician at any time.
Tipo de estudo
Inscrição (Estimado)
Estágio
- Fase 4
Contactos e Locais
Contato de estudo
- Nome: Pelle Hanberg, MD, PhD
- Número de telefone: +45 28744852
- E-mail: pellehanberg@clin.au.dk
Estude backup de contato
- Nome: Tejs Ehlers Klug, MD, DMSc
- Número de telefone: +45 51604046
- E-mail: tejsklug@rm.dk
Locais de estudo
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Aarhus N, Dinamarca, 8200
- Recrutamento
- Aarhus University Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery
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Critérios de participação
Critérios de elegibilidade
Idades elegíveis para estudo
Aceita Voluntários Saudáveis
Gêneros Elegíveis para o Estudo
Descrição
Inclusion Criteria:
- Signed informed consent
- Either a postoperative infection in the neck (sub-study 1) or planned reconstruction with an inferior turbinate flap (sub-study 2)
- Age 18 years or older
Exclusion Criteria:
- Known allergy or hypersensitivity to any of the study antibiotics (cefuroxime, cloxacillin, dicloxacillin, or amoxicillin/clavulanic acid)
- eGFR below 30 mL/min/1.73 m2
- Pregnancy or planned pregnancy
Plano de estudo
Como o estudo é projetado?
Detalhes do projeto
- Finalidade Principal: Ciência básica
- Alocação: Não randomizado
- Modelo Intervencional: Atribuição Paralela
- Mascaramento: Nenhum (rótulo aberto)
Armas e Intervenções
Grupo de Participantes / Braço |
Intervenção / Tratamento |
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Experimental: Sub-study 1: Postoperative Neck Infection
Adults with a postoperative infection in the neck (n=8). Cefuroxime 750 mg IV four times daily and dicloxacillin 1000 mg orally four times daily from day 1. On day 2, microdialysis in infected and non-infected subcutaneous tissue over two consecutive dosing intervals: (1) cefuroxime 750 mg IV + dicloxacillin 1000 mg orally (6 hours); (2) cefuroxime 1500 mg IV + cloxacillin 1000 mg IV (8 hours), with serial plasma samples. |
Sub-study 1: Cefuroxime 750 mg intravenously four times daily from day 1. On day 2, one dosing interval of cefuroxime 750 mg IV (sampled over 6 hours) followed by one dosing interval of cefuroxime 1500 mg IV (sampled over 8 hours), to compare tissue penetration of the two doses. Dicloxacillin 1000 mg orally. Sub-study 1: four times daily from day 1, with tissue and plasma sampling during the first dosing interval on day 2 (6 hours). Sub-study 2: three times daily postoperatively from day 1, with tissue and plasma sampling over one dosing interval after the morning dose on day 2. Sub-study 1: Cloxacillin 1000 mg intravenously as a single dose in the second dosing interval on day 2 (given together with cefuroxime 1500 mg IV), with tissue and plasma sampling over 8 hours, to compare with oral dicloxacillin. CE-marked microdialysis catheters perfused with isotonic saline (0.5-1 microL/min) are placed in the target tissues: infected and non-infected subcutaneous neck tissue (sub-study 1), or the inferior turbinate flap and nasal septal mucosa as reference tissue (sub-study 2). Dialysate is collected in 30-60 minute intervals, with serial blood samples drawn for plasma concentrations. Catheters are calibrated in vivo at the end of sampling and then removed. |
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Experimental: Sub-study 2: Inferior Turbinate Flap Reconstruction
Adults undergoing reconstructive surgery with an inferior turbinate flap (n=8). Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 500/125 mg and dicloxacillin 1000 mg orally three times daily postoperatively from day 1. Microdialysis in the flap and in nasal septal mucosa (reference tissue): ischemia markers and inflammatory proteins hourly for the first 6 postoperative hours and morning/evening on day 2; amoxicillin and dicloxacillin concentrations over one dosing interval after the morning dose on day 2, with serial plasma samples. |
Dicloxacillin 1000 mg orally. Sub-study 1: four times daily from day 1, with tissue and plasma sampling during the first dosing interval on day 2 (6 hours). Sub-study 2: three times daily postoperatively from day 1, with tissue and plasma sampling over one dosing interval after the morning dose on day 2. CE-marked microdialysis catheters perfused with isotonic saline (0.5-1 microL/min) are placed in the target tissues: infected and non-infected subcutaneous neck tissue (sub-study 1), or the inferior turbinate flap and nasal septal mucosa as reference tissue (sub-study 2). Dialysate is collected in 30-60 minute intervals, with serial blood samples drawn for plasma concentrations. Catheters are calibrated in vivo at the end of sampling and then removed. Sub-study 2: Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 500/125 mg orally three times daily postoperatively from day 1 (together with dicloxacillin), with tissue and plasma sampling of amoxicillin over one dosing interval after the morning dose on day 2. |
O que o estudo está medindo?
Medidas de resultados primários
Medida de resultado |
Descrição da medida |
Prazo |
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Time Above the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (T>MIC) in Tissue and Plasma
Prazo: Sub-study 1: two consecutive dosing intervals on day 2 (0-6 hours and 0-8 hours after dosing). Sub-study 2: one dosing interval (approximately 8 hours) after the morning dose on postoperative day 2.
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Time during which the free concentration of each study antibiotic (cefuroxime, cloxacillin, dicloxacillin, and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid) exceeds the minimal inhibitory concentration in each measured tissue (microdialysis) and in plasma (serial blood samples), calculated from concentration-time profiles. Pre-specified MIC targets: cefuroxime 4 mg/L; cloxacillin 2 mg/L; dicloxacillin 2 mg/L; amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 2 mg/L (amoxicillin component). Reported as time (hours) and as percentage of the dosing interval. |
Sub-study 1: two consecutive dosing intervals on day 2 (0-6 hours and 0-8 hours after dosing). Sub-study 2: one dosing interval (approximately 8 hours) after the morning dose on postoperative day 2.
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Medidas de resultados secundários
Medida de resultado |
Descrição da medida |
Prazo |
|---|---|---|
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Area Under the Concentration-Time Curve (AUC) in Tissue and Plasma
Prazo: Sub-study 1: two consecutive dosing intervals on day 2 (0-6 hours and 0-8 hours after dosing). Sub-study 2: one dosing interval (approximately 8 hours) after the morning dose on postoperative day 2.
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AUC of the free concentration of each study antibiotic in each measured tissue compartment (microdialysis) and in plasma. |
Sub-study 1: two consecutive dosing intervals on day 2 (0-6 hours and 0-8 hours after dosing). Sub-study 2: one dosing interval (approximately 8 hours) after the morning dose on postoperative day 2.
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Tissue Penetration Ratio (AUC Tissue / AUC Plasma)
Prazo: Sub-study 1: two consecutive dosing intervals on day 2 (0-6 hours and 0-8 hours after dosing). Sub-study 2: one dosing interval (approximately 8 hours) after the morning dose on postoperative day 2.
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Ratio of the AUC of the free antibiotic concentration in each tissue compartment to the AUC in plasma, for each study antibiotic. |
Sub-study 1: two consecutive dosing intervals on day 2 (0-6 hours and 0-8 hours after dosing). Sub-study 2: one dosing interval (approximately 8 hours) after the morning dose on postoperative day 2.
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Maximum Concentration (Cmax) in Tissue and Plasma
Prazo: Sub-study 1: two consecutive dosing intervals on day 2 (0-6 hours and 0-8 hours after dosing). Sub-study 2: one dosing interval (approximately 8 hours) after the morning dose on postoperative day 2.
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Peak free concentration of each study antibiotic in each measured tissue compartment and in plasma. |
Sub-study 1: two consecutive dosing intervals on day 2 (0-6 hours and 0-8 hours after dosing). Sub-study 2: one dosing interval (approximately 8 hours) after the morning dose on postoperative day 2.
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Time to Maximum Concentration (Tmax) in Tissue and Plasma
Prazo: Sub-study 1: two consecutive dosing intervals on day 2 (0-6 hours and 0-8 hours after dosing). Sub-study 2: one dosing interval (approximately 8 hours) after the morning dose on postoperative day 2.
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Time from dose administration to peak free concentration of each study antibiotic in each measured tissue compartment and in plasma. |
Sub-study 1: two consecutive dosing intervals on day 2 (0-6 hours and 0-8 hours after dosing). Sub-study 2: one dosing interval (approximately 8 hours) after the morning dose on postoperative day 2.
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Elimination Half-Life (T1/2) in Tissue and Plasma
Prazo: Sub-study 1: two consecutive dosing intervals on day 2 (0-6 hours and 0-8 hours after dosing). Sub-study 2: one dosing interval (approximately 8 hours) after the morning dose on postoperative day 2.
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Elimination half-life of each study antibiotic in each measured tissue compartment and in plasma, derived from the concentration-time profiles. |
Sub-study 1: two consecutive dosing intervals on day 2 (0-6 hours and 0-8 hours after dosing). Sub-study 2: one dosing interval (approximately 8 hours) after the morning dose on postoperative day 2.
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Lactate/Pyruvate Ratio in the Inferior Turbinate Flap
Prazo: Hourly during the first 6 postoperative hours (day 1), and in the morning and evening of postoperative day 2.
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Lactate/pyruvate ratio measured in microdialysate from the inferior turbinate flap and the nasal septal reference tissue, as a marker of tissue ischemia (sub-study 2). |
Hourly during the first 6 postoperative hours (day 1), and in the morning and evening of postoperative day 2.
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Tissue Ischemia Markers (Glucose, Lactate, Pyruvate, and Glycerol)
Prazo: Sub-study 2: hourly during the first 6 postoperative hours (day 1), and in the morning and evening of postoperative day 2. Sub-study 1: during the sampling period on day 2 (up to approximately 14 hours).
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Concentrations of glucose, lactate, pyruvate, and glycerol in microdialysate from the measured tissue compartments. |
Sub-study 2: hourly during the first 6 postoperative hours (day 1), and in the morning and evening of postoperative day 2. Sub-study 1: during the sampling period on day 2 (up to approximately 14 hours).
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Inflammatory Proteins in Microdialysate
Prazo: Hourly during the first 6 postoperative hours (day 1), and in the morning and evening of postoperative day 2.
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Levels of inflammatory proteins measured in microdialysate from the inferior turbinate flap and the nasal septal reference tissue, to characterize the early postoperative inflammatory tissue response (sub-study 2). |
Hourly during the first 6 postoperative hours (day 1), and in the morning and evening of postoperative day 2.
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Colaboradores e Investigadores
Patrocinador
Colaboradores
Investigadores
- Investigador principal: Tejs Ehlers Klug, MD, DMSc, Aarhus University Hospital
Datas de registro do estudo
Datas Principais do Estudo
Início do estudo (Estimado)
Conclusão Primária (Estimado)
Conclusão do estudo (Estimado)
Datas de inscrição no estudo
Enviado pela primeira vez
Enviado pela primeira vez que atendeu aos critérios de CQ
Primeira postagem (Real)
Atualizações de registro de estudo
Última Atualização Postada (Real)
Última atualização enviada que atendeu aos critérios de controle de qualidade
Última verificação
Mais Informações
Termos relacionados a este estudo
Palavras-chave
Termos MeSH relevantes adicionais
- Complicações pós-operatórias
- Processos Patológicos
- Infecções
- Infecção da ferida
- Condições Patológicas, Sinais e Sintomas
- Infecção de Ferida Cirúrgica
- Compostos de enxofre
- Produtos químicos orgânicos
- Compostos heterocíclicos
- Compostos heterocíclicos, 2 anel
- Compostos heterocíclicos, anel fundido
- Preparações farmacêuticas
- Técnicas de investigação
- Amidas
- Técnicas de química, analíticas
- Combinações de drogas
- Penicilina g
- beta-lactamas
- Lactamas
- Ácido clavulânico
- Ácidos clavulânicos
- Cefalosporinas
- Thiazines
- Ampicilina
- Penicilins
- Diálise
- Amoxicilina
- Oxacilina
- Combinação de amoxicilina-clavulanato de potássio
- Cefuroxima
- Cloxacilina
- Dicloxacilina
- Microdiálise
Outros números de identificação do estudo
- 2026-526995-22-00
- 2026-526995-22-00 (Ctis)
Plano para dados de participantes individuais (IPD)
Planeja compartilhar dados de participantes individuais (IPD)?
Descrição do plano IPD
Individual participant data will not be shared publicly due to Danish and EU data protection legislation (GDPR). Aggregated results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and reported in CTIS.
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