The Correlation Between the Retrobulbar Hemodynamics and Intrarenal Hemodynamics in T2DM Patients During the Early Period
Objective: The main target of this study was to research the early changes of retrobulbar and intrarenal hemodynamics, then to research the correlation between them in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients without diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR).
Method: 35 T2DM patients (diabetes group) without vascular complications and 30 healthy people (control group) were recruited to research the early changes of renal function, retrobulbar and intrarenal hemodynamics, and then to research the correlation between them. The primary endpoints were the intrarenal hemodynamic (bilateral kidney RI) in bilateral interlobular renal arteries were evaluated using Doppler Sonographic; the secondary endpoints were the retrobulbar hemodynamics RI in the bilateral central retinal artery (CRA), posterior ciliary artery (PCA), and arteria ophthalmica (OA) were evaluated using color doppler imaging (CDI); the tertiary endpoints were the biochemical endpoints: blood-fat (TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, and TG), FPG, 2hPG, HbA1c, and renal function parameters (BUN, Cr, and GFR); in addition, the albumin excrete rate (AER), urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR) were measured.
研究概览
研究类型
注册 (实际的)
参与标准
资格标准
适合学习的年龄
接受健康志愿者
有资格学习的性别
取样方法
研究人群
描述
Inclusion Criteria:
- The patients were diagnosed with T2DM according to the guidelines of the American Diabetes Association ;
- No smoking history, pulmonary disease, cold, nor pulmonary infection within a fortnight;
- Did not have hepatopathy, nephropathy, hyperuricemia, and gastrointestinal disease; and
- Likely to have good compliance and able to visit our hospital for periodic assessments.
Exclusion Criteria:
- T1DM, gestation and lactation;
- Renal inadequacy,hypohepatia,and heart failure;
- Intensive care with insulin treatment;
- The patients combined with DR and hypertension (antihypertensive drugs were used);
- Patients with other eye conditions that could affect the blood flow, such as high degree myopia, maculopathy of any origin, glaucoma, and those with a history of laser treatment or intraocular surgery;
- The patients combinated with DKD;
- Patients with other renal conditions that could affect the blood flow, such as urolithiasis, urinary infection, and renal cyst (diameter > 3 cm);
- Cholesterol-lowering drugs can not control the blood-fat (TC > 250 mg/dl, HDL-C < 30 mg/dL, LDL-C > 170 mg/dl, TG > 200 mg/dl) adequately.
学习计划
研究是如何设计的？
设计细节
队列和干预
团体/队列 |
干预/治疗 |
|---|---|
|
diabetes group
34 T2DM patients without vascular complications as diabetes group
|
|
|
control group
32 healthy people were recruited as control group
|
研究衡量的是什么？
主要结果指标
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
|
Intrarenal hemodynamic (bilateral kidney RI) in bilateral interlobular renal arteries were evaluated using Doppler Sonographic in 34 patients
大体时间：3 weeks
|
RI(resistivity index)
|
3 weeks
|
|
Retrobulbar RI in the bilateral Retrobulbar artery were evaluated using color doppler imaging (CDI) in 34 patients
大体时间：3 weeks
|
RI(resistivity index),Retrobulbar artery［central retinal artery (CRA), posterior ciliary artery (PCA), and arteria ophthalmica (OA)］
|
3 weeks
|
|
The correlation between the bilateral retrobulbar RI and bilateral kidney RI in 34 patients
大体时间：3 weeks
|
RI(resistivity index)
|
3 weeks
|
合作者和调查者
研究记录日期
研究主要日期
学习开始
初级完成 (实际的)
研究完成 (实际的)
研究注册日期
首次提交
首先提交符合 QC 标准的
首次发布 (估计)
研究记录更新
最后更新发布 (估计)
上次提交的符合 QC 标准的更新
最后验证
更多信息
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