Cold Versus Hot Snare Endoscopic Mucosal Resection for Intermediate-Size Flat Nonpedunculated Colorectal Polyps

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Subjects aged 18-75 years, irrespective of gender;
2. Flat sessile colorectal polyps confirmed by colonoscopy, classified as Paris classification 0-Is or 0-IIa, with a measured diameter ranging from 10 to 20 mm;
3. Subjects voluntarily agree to receive endoscopic treatment and sign written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Colonoscopic findings suggestive of submucosal invasion or malignant transformation of colorectal polyps;
2. Previous history of colorectal surgery;
3. Previous history of inflammatory bowel disease, familial adenomatous polyposis, or colorectal cancer;
4. Failure to discontinue anticoagulant and antiplatelet medications for a minimum of 1 week prior to the procedure;
5. Known coagulation disorders or bleeding diathesis;
6. Pregnant or breastfeeding women;
7. Patients complicated with malignant tumors, severe cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, liver cirrhosis, chronic kidney disease, or other severe comorbidities that preclude tolerance to endoscopic resection.