A Study of Nitazoxanide in the Treatment of AIDS-Related Diarrhea

June 23, 2005 updated by: Unimed Pharmaceuticals

Phase I/II Open Label Evaluation of Nitazoxanide for the Treatment of Cryptosporidiosis in AIDS Patients

To determine the pharmacokinetics profile of single doses of nitazoxanide (NTZ) in patients with AIDS-related cryptosporidial diarrhea. To determine steady state concentrations of NTZ following repeated dosing. To assess the safety and efficacy of 4 dose levels of NTZ in these patients.

Cryptosporidial enterocolitis in AIDS patients is frequently chronic and severe, contributing substantially to morbidity, mortality, and health care costs in this population. NTZ exhibits antimicrobial activity that may extend to Cryptosporidial infection.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Cryptosporidial enterocolitis in AIDS patients is frequently chronic and severe, contributing substantially to morbidity, mortality, and health care costs in this population. NTZ exhibits antimicrobial activity that may extend to Cryptosporidial infection.

Patients are enrolled in groups of 7. Group A receives the lowest dose of NTZ. Groups B - D receive sequentially higher doses. Patients in Groups B - D do not begin therapy until all patients have been enrolled at the preceding dose. For determination of single-dose pharmacokinetics, patients receive a single dose of NTZ on Day 1 and blood samples are obtained over the next 24 hours. Immediately following the 24-hour blood sample collection, patients begin the treatment phase during which they take NTZ for an additional 13 days. Blood samples are obtained again on Day 14 to determine full plasma concentration-time profiles over the dosing interval. At the end of treatment, responders discontinue treatment and nonresponders continue NTZ treatment for an additional 14 days on the same dose. Patients who still fail to respond are provided with an additional month of NTZ. Patients have scheduled visits for clinical and parasitologic efficacy assessments and safety laboratory tests.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment

28

Phase

  • Phase 1

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • New York
      • New York, New York, United States, 10021
        • New York Hosp / Cornell Med Ctr

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 65 years (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria

Patients must have:

  • AIDS diagnosis according to CDC criteria.
  • CD4 count less than or equal to 200 cells/mm3 or CD4 count greater than or equal to 200 cells/mm3 and documented cryptosporidiosis for a minimum of 4 weeks.
  • Cryptosporidial diarrhea as defined by:
  • (1) presence of Cryptosporidium oocytes in a stool specimen within 14 days of enrollment; and (2) chronic diarrhea (i.e., an average of at least 4 bowel movements per day for a minimum of 2 weeks).
  • Life expectancy of at least 1 month.
  • Ability to tolerate food by mouth.

Prior Medication:

Required:

  • Any anti-diarrheal or anti-emetic medication for which the dosage regimen has been stable for at least 1 week prior to enrollment.
  • Any antiretroviral medications (e.g., zidovudine, ddI, ddC) for which the dosage regimen has been stable for at least 3 weeks prior to enrollment.

Allowed:

Medication for prophylaxis or maintenance therapy of opportunistic infection, stable for at least 2 weeks prior to enrollment.

Exclusion Criteria

Co-existing Condition:

Patients with the following symptoms or conditions are excluded:

Grade 4 (hematologic) or Grade 3 (for all others) toxicity. (Patients with Grade 3 toxicity for hepatic parameters may be enrolled if, in the investigator's judgment, the abnormalities are due to biliary cryptosporidiosis.)

Patients with the following prior conditions are excluded:

  • Presence of Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, Yersinia, Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica, Microsporidia, Isospora, Cyclospora, or Clostridium difficile toxin in stool (based on assessment within 14 days prior to enrollment by stool ova and parasite examination, culture, and C. difficile assay).
  • History of intestinal Mycobacterium avium intracellular infection or intestinal Kaposi's sarcoma.
  • History of Cytomegalovirus colitis, unless 28 days of therapy with ganciclovir or foscarnet completed subsequent to diagnosis.

Prior Medication:

Excluded:

  • Investigational drug therapy within 14 days of enrollment, unless available under an FDA-authorized expanded access program.
  • Any drug or therapy with possible anticryptosporidial activity (e.g., paromomycin, spiramycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, hyperimmune bovine colostrum) within 14 days of enrollment.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Unimed Pharmaceuticals

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Rosemary Soave

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

October 1, 1995

Study Completion

February 1, 1996

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

November 2, 1999

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

August 30, 2001

First Posted (Estimate)

August 31, 2001

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

June 24, 2005

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 23, 2005

Last Verified

February 1, 1996

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 253A
  • UMD-95-004

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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