Shared Decision-Making for Colorectal Cancer Screening
Study Overview
Status
Conditions
Detailed Description
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death and third most commonly diagnosed cancer among men and women in the United States. Screening has been shown to be a cost-effective strategy for reducing both CRC mortality through early detection and incidence through the detection and removal of precancerous adenomatous polyps (adenomas). Despite a compelling rationale and widespread endorsement by authoritative groups, screening rates remain far below those necessary to achieve significant reductions in CRC mortality or incidence. Poor patient acceptance and non-adherence to screening recommendations are partly responsible for low screening rates. Shared decision-making has been advocated as a potentially effective yet unproven strategy for addressing this problem. Implicit in this approach is the need for an unbiased decision aid that not only educates patients about the pros and cons of the different strategies so as to enable them to identify a preferred strategy but also empowers patients to take a proactive role in the decision-making process, thereby increasing satisfaction and promoting adherence. From a logistical standpoint, the decision aid must also be easy to implement in the ambulatory setting so as to maximize use but minimize demands on physician time and office resources. To address this need, we have developed an interactive, web-based decision aid and implementation strategy for use in routine clinical practice.
Comparison(s): Average risk subjects assigned to one of two intervention arms (decision aid alone versus decision aid plus personalized risk assessment with feedback) compared to a control arm(generic website that discusses lifestyle changes that can reduce overall cancer risk).
Study Type
Enrollment (Actual)
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
Study Locations
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Massachusetts
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Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02118
- Boston Medical Center
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Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02127
- South Boston Community Health Center
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Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Genders Eligible for Study
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Asymptomatic average-risk subjects
- Under the direct care of one of participating site's staff (attending) physicians or physician extenders;
- No prior screening other than fecal occult blood testing (FOBT);
- No major co-morbidities that preclude CRC screening by any method
Exclusion Criteria:
- Prior CRC screening by any method other than FOBT occult blood testing
- High-risk condition (personal history of colorectal cancer or polyps, family history of colorectal cancer or polyps involving one or more first degree relatives, chronic inflammatory bowel disease)
- Lack of fluency in written and spoken English (since decision aid and personalized risk assessment tool will be in English only due to funding issues);
- Comorbidities that preclude CRC screening by any method
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Prevention
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: Single
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
|---|---|
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Experimental: Decision aid plus YourDiseaseRisk
Patients viewed the decision aid and completed the Your Disease Risk risk assessment tool prior to visit with their primary care provider.
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Patients review a computer-based decision aid that discuss the pros and cons of of 5 recommended CRC screening options and provides personalized 10-year estimates of CRC risk prior to meeting with their provider to discuss CRC screening.
Other Names:
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Experimental: Decision aid alone
Patient's viewed decision aid only prior to a visit with their primary care provider.
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Patients review a computer-based decision aid that discuss the pros and cons of the 5 recommended CRC screening options prior to meeting with their provider to discuss CRC screening.
Other Names:
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Sham Comparator: III
Standard care
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Patients review a generic website that discuss ways to reduce overall cancer risk.
Other Names:
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What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
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Patient Adherence (Test Completion)
Time Frame: 12 months post-intervention
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Completion of a screening test within 12 months of the study visit.
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12 months post-intervention
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Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
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Patient Knowledge
Time Frame: Immediate post-intervention study visit
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Knowledge was assessed at baseline (pretest) and at the time of the exit survey (posttest) based on responses to a 12-item questionnaire (True/False/Don't know) that inquired about CRC risk factors, the rationale and goals of screening, and age at which screening should begin.
Cumulative knowledge scores (range, 0-12) were derived by summing correct responses to the 12 individual knowledge questions.
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Immediate post-intervention study visit
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Patient Satisfaction With Decision Making Process
Time Frame: Immediate post-intervention primary care provider (PCP) visit
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Patient satisfaction with the decision-making process (SDMP) was assessed using the validated 12-item Satisfaction with the Decision-Making Process scale.
Five ordered response categories were used for each item.
Each response was assigned a point score ranging from 1 for "strongly disagree" (or "poor") to 5 for "strongly agree" (or "excellent").
A cumulative score was calculated based on the summed response scores for each item (maximum score = 60).
Mean item substitution was used to impute missing data.
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Immediate post-intervention primary care provider (PCP) visit
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Screening Intentions
Time Frame: Immediate post-intervention study visit
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Screening intentions were also assessed as part of the posttest.
Subjects were asked how sure they were that they would schedule an appointment to get screened for colorectal cancer and how sure they were that they would complete the screening test they scheduled.
An ordered 5-point response frame was used ranging from 1 for "not at all sure" to 5 for "completely sure".
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Immediate post-intervention study visit
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Collaborators and Investigators
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Paul C. Schroy III, MD, MPH, Boston Medical Center
Publications and helpful links
General Publications
- Schroy PC 3rd, Mylvaganam S, Davidson P. Provider perspectives on the utility of a colorectal cancer screening decision aid for facilitating shared decision making. Health Expect. 2014 Feb;17(1):27-35. doi: 10.1111/j.1369-7625.2011.00730.x. Epub 2011 Sep 8.
- Schroy PC 3rd, Glick JT, Robinson PA, Lydotes MA, Evans SR, Emmons KM. Has the surge in media attention increased public awareness about colorectal cancer and screening? J Community Health. 2008 Feb;33(1):1-9. doi: 10.1007/s10900-007-9065-5.
- Schroy PC 3rd, Glick JT, Robinson P, Lydotes MA, Heeren TC, Prout M, Davidson P, Wong JB. A cost-effectiveness analysis of subject recruitment strategies in the HIPAA era: results from a colorectal cancer screening adherence trial. Clin Trials. 2009 Dec;6(6):597-609. doi: 10.1177/1740774509346703. Epub 2009 Nov 23.
- Schroy PC 3rd, Emmons K, Peters E, Glick JT, Robinson PA, Lydotes MA, Mylvanaman S, Evans S, Chaisson C, Pignone M, Prout M, Davidson P, Heeren TC. The impact of a novel computer-based decision aid on shared decision making for colorectal cancer screening: a randomized trial. Med Decis Making. 2011 Jan-Feb;31(1):93-107. doi: 10.1177/0272989X10369007. Epub 2010 May 18.
- Schroy PC 3rd, Emmons KM, Peters E, Glick JT, Robinson PA, Lydotes MA, Mylvaganam SR, Coe AM, Chen CA, Chaisson CE, Pignone MP, Prout MN, Davidson PK, Heeren TC. Aid-assisted decision making and colorectal cancer screening: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Prev Med. 2012 Dec;43(6):573-83. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2012.08.018.
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start
Primary Completion (Actual)
Study Completion (Actual)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Estimate)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Estimate)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- 5R01HS013912-05 (U.S. AHRQ Grant/Contract)
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