Response of Psychiatric Outpatients to the Great East Japan Earthquake

Objective: Reports have described how hospitalized psychiatric patients respond to disasters; however, few reports have described the response to disaster among psychiatric outpatients, who have relatively mild disease in comparison with hospitalized, severely ill psychiatric patients. Here the investigators have analyzed the response to disaster among this under-studied population.

Method: The Great East Japan Earthquake on March 11, 2011, was a catastrophic disaster. The investigators studied psychiatric change among a population of psychiatric outpatients in Tochigi prefecture, located ~160 km (~100 miles) southeast of the Fukushima nuclear power plant, in an area that suffered moderate damage from the earthquake. A total of 328 psychiatric outpatients were enrolled and were grouped into the diagnostic categories F2 (schizophrenic, schizotypal, and delusional disorders), F3 (affective disorders), and F4 (neurotic, stress-related, and somatoform disorders). All diagnoses were made using International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 10 criteria. Changes in symptoms were measured as a change in psychotropic medication after the disaster.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Mood Disorders

Detailed Description

Patient progress was determined by whether a change in medication was needed. We focused on psychotropic drug use, including the use of neuroleptics, antidepressants, and benzodiazepines, directly after the disaster on March 11, 2011. Changes in other psychotropic drugs that are prescribed less frequently, such as lithium or anticonvulsants, were not considered in this study. Changes in symptoms that did not require a need to change psychotropic medications were not considered as part of a patient's progress. Physicians rated the relationship between each change in psychotropic drug and the disaster as direct, indirect, or not relevant. Only when three physicians rated the relationship as direct did we consider the change in a patient's progress to be due to the earthquake. Worsening or improvement of symptoms was defined as a change in psychotropic medications as a result of the deterioration or improvement, respectively, of symptoms. The data were stratified by disease category and sex and analyzed using chi-square tests.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 328

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Japan
  • Tochigi
    • Ashikaga, Tochigi, Japan, 326-0842
      • Ashikaga Red Cross Hospital
  • Tochigi-Prefecture
    • Ashikaga, Tochigi-Prefecture, Japan, 326-0842
      • Ashikaga Red Cross Hospital

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 11 years to 90 years (Child, Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

a total of 328 psychiatric outpatients of Ashikaga Red Cross Hospital

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Outpatients of Ashikaga Red Cross Hospital before the Great East Japan Earthquake on March 11, 2011 who are classified as F2 (schizophrenic, schizotypal, and delusional disorders), F3 (affective disorders), or F4 (neurotic, stress-related, and somatoform disorders), using International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 10 diagnostic criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

• Outpatients who did not consult with our hospital in the 2 months after the earthquake were excluded.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

1

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
Psychiatric Outpatients

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
Patient progress determined by whether a change in medication was needed.	2 months after the disaster

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Ashikaga Red Cross Hospital
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Michitaka Funayama, M.D., Ashikaga Red Cross Hospital

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: March 1, 2011
• Study Completion (Actual): May 1, 2011

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: February 11, 2012
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 14, 2012
• First Posted (Estimate): February 15, 2012

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): February 15, 2012
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 14, 2012
• Last Verified: February 1, 2012

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Mental Disorders; Mood Disorders
• Other Study ID Numbers: ARCH 8 2012