A Study of Gefitinib With or Without Apatinib in Patients With Advanced Non-squamous Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Harboring EGFR Mutations

A Multicenter, Randomized,Double-Blind Study of Gefitinib in Combination With Apatinib or Placebo in Previously Untreated Patients With EGFR Mutation-Positive Advanced Non-squamous Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Apatinib in combination with Gefitinib as compared to placebo in combination with Gefitinib in participants with stage ⅢB-IV Non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring an activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation (Del19 and L858R). Safety and tolerability of Apatinib in combination with Gefitinib will be assessed in the first portion (Part A) before proceeding to the second portion of this study (Part B).

Study Overview

• Status: Recruiting
• Conditions: EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Plus VEGFR Inhibitors
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Placebo; Drug: Apatinib; Drug: Gefitinib

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Anticipated): 246
• Phase: Phase 3

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Hongyun Zhao; Phone Number: 86-20-8734 2482; Email: zhaohy@sysucc.org.cn

Study Locations

• China
  • Guangdong
    • Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, 510000
      • Recruiting
      • Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
      • Contact: Hongyun Zhao, PhD; Phone Number: 86-20-8734 2482; Email: zhaohy@sysucc.org.cn

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 70 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. ≥ 18 and ≤ 70 years of age
2. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group(ECOG)performance scale 0 - 1.
3. Life expectancy of more than 3 weeks.
4. Histologically or cytologic confirmed，locally advanced and/or metastatic non-squamous NSCLC of stage IIIB (unsuitable for radiotherapy) or IV or recurrent NSCLC; At least one measurable lesion according to RECIST 1.1 which has not received radiotherapy or cryotherapy.
5. Documented evidence of tumor harboring an activating EGFR mutation (Example 19 del and L858R) .
6. None previous chemotherapy or targeted therapy. NOTE: neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant therapy is allowed which is completed before 6 months.
7. Prior radiation therapy is allowed if: 25% or less of total bone marrow had been irradiated,pelvis and chest had not been irradiated; at least 4 weeks have elapsed from the completion of radiation treatment, and the acute toxicity from radiation treatment had been recover; irradiated lesion is not including measurable lesions unless documented progress after radiation.
8. Adequate hepatic, renal, heart, and hematologic functions (Absolute Neutrophil Count(ANC) ≥ 1.5×109/L, Platelet (PLT) ≥ 100×109/L, Hemoglobin(HB) ≥ 100 g/L, total bilirubin within 1.5×the upper limit of normal(ULN), and serum transaminase≤2.5×the Upper Limit Of Normal(ULN), serum creatine ≤ 1 x Upper Limit Of Normal(ULN), creatinine clearance rate ≥ 50ml/min,
9. For women of child-bearing age, the pregnancy test results (serum or urine) within 7 days before enrolment must be negative. They will take appropriate methods for contraception during the study until the 8th week post the last administration of study drug. For men (previous surgical sterilization accepted), will take appropriate methods for contraception during the study until the 8th week post the last administration of study drug.
10. Signed and dated informed consent. Willingness and ability to comply with scheduled visits, treatment plans, laboratory tests, and other study procedure.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Squamous cell carcinoma (including adenosquamous carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma); small cell lung cancer (including small cell and non-small cell mixed lung cancer)
2. Symptomatic brain metastases (Patients who have no symptoms and is not needed to receive therapy before 21 days may participate in this trial, but need to be confirmed by MRI\CT or venography that no hematencephalon symptom);
3. Radiologically documented evidence of major blood vessel invasion or encasement by cancer; Obvious cavity or necrosis formed in the tumor.
4. Uncontrolled hypertension(systolic pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic pressure ≥ 90 mm Hg) even though two or more than two hypotensive agents application.
5. Patients who suffered from grade II or above myocardial ischemia or myocardial infarction, uncontrolled arrhythmias (including QT interval male ≥ 450 ms, female ≥ 470 ms). Grade III-IV cardiac insufficiency according to New York Heart Association(NYHA) criteria or echocardiography check: left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)<50%;
6. History of pulmonary interstitial diseases or concurrent pulmonary interstitial diseases.
7. Coagulation disfunction（INR>1.5 o rPT>Upper Limit Of Normal(ULN)+4s or Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) >1.5 Upper Limit Of Normal(ULN)）, hemorrhagic tendency or receiving the therapy of thrombolysis or anticoagulation.
8. History of clinically significant haemoptysis =< 2 months (more than 2.5ml or half of one tea spoon of fresh blood per day) prior to registration.
9. History of clinically relevant major bleeding event (e.g. gastrointestinal hemorrhage, bleeding gastric ulcer, occult blood test ≥ (++), and vasculitis ;
10. Within 6 months before the first treatment occurs artery / venous thromboembolic events, such as cerebral vascular accident (including transient ischemic attack(TIA), hematencephalon, cerebral infarction), deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, etc.
11. Known inherited and acquired hemorrhagic and thromboplastic possibility (such as hemophilia, coagulopathy, thrombocytopenia, hypersplenism, etc.)
12. Long-term untreated wounds or fractures.
13. Within 4 weeks of major surgery and/or injures, fractures , ulceration.
14. Significant factors that influence the ingestion and absorption of medicine, (e.g. unable swallow, chronic diarrhea and intestinal obstruction);
15. History of abdominal fistula, gastrointestinal perforation, or intra-abdominal abscess ≤ 6 months.
16. Urine protein≥++, or 24h urine protein quantitation≥1.0g;
17. Symptomatic serous effusion requiring treatment .(including hydrothorax, ascites, hydropericardium);
18. Active infection need antimicrobial treatments;
19. History of psychiatric drugs abuse and not be abstinent, or dysphrenia;
20. Less than 4 weeks from the last clinical trial
21. History or concomitant other malignancy except cured basal cell skin cancer, or carcinoma in situ of the cervix, or superficial bladder cancer;
22. Administration of strong/potent cytochrome P450 (CYP)3A4 inhibitors within 7 days, or inducers within 12 days;
23. Pregnant or breastfeeding women;
24. Other conditions regimented at investigators' discretion.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Double

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Gefitinib + Apatinib; (Part A) Phase I, Open-label, Dose-escalation Study Escalating doses(500mg, 750mg, or 250mg) of Apatinib in combination with 250mg Gefitinib daily orally. Participants may continue to receive treatment until progress or intolerable. (Part B)Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind Study Apatinib (dose determined from Part A of study) in combination with 250mg Gefitinib.	Drug: Apatinib; Patients will be treated with Apatinib, 250/500/750 mg(dose determined from Part A of study) p.o., daily; Other Names: YN968D1; Drug: Gefitinib; Patients will be treated with Gefitinib, 250 mg p.o., daily; Other Names: Iressa
Placebo Comparator: Gefitinib + Placebo; (Part A) Not Applicable (Part B) Placebo in combination with 250mg Gefitinib. Participants may continue to receive treatment until progress or intolerable.	Drug: Placebo; Drug: Gefitinib; Patients will be treated with Gefitinib, 250 mg p.o., daily; Other Names: Iressa

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
(Part A) Determine Dose-Limiting Toxicity (DLT) of Apatinib in combination with Gefitinib	Determine the safety, tolerability and DLTs of Apatinib in Combination With Gefitinib	1 months
(Part A) Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) of Apatinib in Combination With Gefitinib	MTD was determined by testing increasing doses up to 750 mg daily (qd) on dose escalation cohorts 1 to 3 with 3 patients each. MTD reflects highest dose of drug that did not cause an unacceptable side effect (= Dose Limiting Toxicity (DLT) in more than 30% of patients; e.g., hematologic toxicities like Common Toxicity Criteria (CTC) Grade 4 Neutropenia in specific conditions, platelets < 25,000 cells/mL; specific non-hematologic/biochemical toxicities CTC Grade 3 or 4; additionally, any toxicity considered by the investigator severe enough was designated a DLT); CTC Version 2 were used.	1 months
(Part B) Progression Free Survival (PFS)	Time from the date of enrolment until documented progression or death, whichever occurs first.	Randomization to Measured Progressive Disease or Death from Any Cause (Estimated as 42 Months)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
(Part B) Overall Survival (OS)	Time from the date of enrolment until death from any cause.	Randomization to Date of Death from Any Cause (Estimated as 50 Months)
(Part B) Objective Response Rate (ORR)	Best overall response (complete remission or partial remission) across all assessment time-points according to RECIST Criteria 1.1, during the period from enrolment to termination of trial treatment	Randomization to Disease Progression (Estimated as 42 Months)
(Part B) Disease Control Rate (DCR)	Achievement of objective response or stable disease for at least 6 weeks	Randomization to Disease Progression (Estimated as 42 Months)
(Part B) Duration of Response (DoR)	Interval from the date of first documentation of objective response by RECIST to the date of first documented progression or relapse	Date of Complete Response (CR) or Partial Response (PR) to Date of Objective Disease Progression or Death Due to Any Cause (Estimated as 42 Months)
(Part B) Time to progression disease (TTPD)	Time to progression disease	Randomization to Measured Progressive Disease (Estimated as 42 Months)
(Part B) Quality of Life (QoL) questionnaire		Baseline, End of Study (Estimated as 50 Months)
(Part A + B) Safety assessment : Number of participants with treatment-related adverse events as assessed by CTCAE v4.0	including adverse events, physical examination, vital signs (including Blood Pressure(BP)), clinical chemistry and hematology	Randomization to Measured Progressive Disease (Estimated as 50 Months)
(Part A) Area Under roc Curve (last)	Area under the plasma concentration time profile from time zero to the time of the last quantifiable concentration	Apatinib & Gefitinib: Cycle1 Day 1 and 15
(Part A) Area Under roc Curve (tau)	Area under the plasma concentration time profile after single dose from time zero to the next dose	Apatinib & Gefitinib: Cycle1 Day 1 and 15
(Part A) Cmax	Maximum observed plasma concentration	Apatinib & Gefitinib: Cycle1 Day 1 and 15
(Part A) Tmax	Time for Cmax	Apatinib & Gefitinib: Cycle1 Day 1 and 15
(Part A) t½a	Terminal half life	Apatinib & Gefitinib: Cycle1 Day 1 and 15
(Part A) Ctrough	Predose concentration during multiple dosing	Apatinib & Gefitinib: Cycle1 Day 1 and 15
(Part A) The Apparent Clearance(CL/F)	Apparent clearance	Apatinib & Gefitinib: Cycle1 Day 1 and 15
(Part A) The Apparent Volume of Distribution (Vd/F)	Apparent volume of distribution	Apatinib & Gefitinib: Cycle1 Day 1 and 15
(Part A) The Metabolite to Parent Ratio of Area Under roc Curve (tau)	Metabolite to parent ratio for Area Under roc Curve (tau)	Apatinib & Gefitinib: Cycle1 Day 1 and 15
(Part A) The Metabolite to Parent Ratio of Css,max(MRCmax)	Metabolite to parent ratio for Cmax	Apatinib & Gefitinib: Cycle1 Day 1 and 15

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Sun Yat-sen University
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Hongyun Zhao, Sun Yat-sen University

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Deng Z, Qin Y, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Lu Y. Role of Antiangiogenic Agents Combined With EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Treatment-naive Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. Clin Lung Cancer. 2021 Jan;22(1):e70-e83. doi: 10.1016/j.cllc.2020.08.005. Epub 2020 Sep 18.
• Zhao H, Yao W, Min X, Gu K, Yu G, Zhang Z, Cui J, Miao L, Zhang L, Yuan X, Fang Y, Fu X, Hu C, Zhu X, Fan Y, Yu Q, Wu G, Jiang O, Du X, Liu J, Gu W, Hou Z, Wang Q, Zheng R, Zhou X, Zhang L. Apatinib Plus Gefitinib as First-Line Treatment in Advanced EGFR-Mutant NSCLC: The Phase III ACTIVE Study (CTONG1706). J Thorac Oncol. 2021 Sep;16(9):1533-1546. doi: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.05.006. Epub 2021 May 24.
• Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Luo F, Ma Y, Fang W, Zhan J, Li S, Yang Y, Zhao Y, Hong S, Zhou T, Zhang Y, Zhao S, Huang Y, Zhao H, Zhang L. Dual blockade of EGFR and VEGFR pathways: Results from a pilot study evaluating apatinib plus gefitinib as a first-line treatment for advanced EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Transl Med. 2020 Jun;10(2):e33. doi: 10.1002/ctm2.33. Epub 2020 Jun 4.
• Zhang Z, Luo F, Zhang Y, Ma Y, Hong S, Yang Y, Fang W, Huang Y, Zhang L, Zhao H. The ACTIVE study protocol: apatinib or placebo plus gefitinib as first-line treatment for patients with EGFR-mutant advanced non-small cell lung cancer (CTONG1706). Cancer Commun (Lond). 2019 Nov 7;39(1):69. doi: 10.1186/s40880-019-0414-4.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: June 1, 2016
• Primary Completion (Anticipated): December 1, 2023
• Study Completion (Anticipated): December 1, 2023

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: June 23, 2016
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 1, 2016
• First Posted (Estimate): July 6, 2016

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): July 7, 2016
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 6, 2016
• Last Verified: July 1, 2016

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: NSCLC; VEGFR inhibitor; EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Respiratory Tract Diseases; Neoplasms; Lung Diseases; Neoplasms by Site; Respiratory Tract Neoplasms; Thoracic Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Bronchogenic; Bronchial Neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Enzyme Inhibitors; Antineoplastic Agents; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Gefitinib; Apatinib
• Other Study ID Numbers: 2016-FXY-023

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: UNDECIDED