Omega-3 Replacement With Krill Oil in Disease Management of SLE (ORKIDS)

A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Randomized, Multicenter Study to Assess Changes in Omega-3 Index in Erythrocytes and Health Benefit After 24 Weeks of Daily Consumption of AKBM-3031 (Omega-3 Phospholipids From Krill), Followed by a 24 Week Open-Label Extension, in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

A randomized, double-blind controlled, multicenter study in SLE patients given AKBM-3031or placebo for 24 weeks (randomized period) and followed by an open label extension (OLE) treatment with AKBM-3031 for the next 24 weeks. Patients will be maintained on stable doses of background medications, except for glucocorticoids. Decreases in doses of glucocorticoids will be encouraged during the first 20 weeks of both the randomized and open label extension portions of the trial. Stable doses of glucocorticoids and other background medications are required during weeks 20-22 and 44-48.If indicated by the PI, brief increases in corticosteroids are permitted during the first 20 weeks of both the blinded and open label extension portion of the trial. The increase in prednisone (or equivalent) dose is limited to 2X the back-ground level to a maximum of20 mg/day for a maximum of 1 week (7 days) or to a single administration of intravenous methylprednisolone or equivalent at a maximum dose of 500mg. Stable doses of glucocorticoids and other background medications are required during weeks 20-22 and 44-48

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
• Intervention / Treatment: Dietary supplement: AKBM-3031; Other: Placebo

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 76
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Canada
  • Quebec, Canada
    • University of Laval
  • British Columbia
    • Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
      • Lupus Clinic-Mary Pack Arthritis Centre
  • Ontario
    • Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
      • McMaster University Medical Center
  • Quebec
    • Montréal, Quebec, Canada
      • McGill University Health Centre-The Montreal General Hospital
• United States
  • Alabama
    • Birmingham, Alabama, United States, 35249
      • University of Alabama at Birmingham
  • California
    • Beverly Hills, California, United States, 90211
      • Wallace Rheumatic Studies Center, LLC
    • Orange, California, United States, 92868
      • UC Irvine Health
  • Florida
    • Miami, Florida, United States, 33136
      • University of Miami
  • Illinois
    • Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60612
      • Rush Medical Center
  • Maryland
    • Baltimore, Maryland, United States, 21201
      • University of Maryland
  • Massachusetts
    • Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02115
      • Brigham and Women's Hospital
  • Michigan
    • Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States, 48109
      • University of Michigan Health System
  • Minnesota
    • Rochester, Minnesota, United States, 55902
      • Mayo Clinic
  • New York
    • Bronx, New York, United States, 10461
      • Albert Einstein College of Medicine
    • Great Neck, New York, United States, 11021
      • Northwell Health
    • Manhasset, New York, United States, 11030
      • Feinstein Institute for Medical Research
    • New York, New York, United States, 10021
      • Hospital for Special Surgery
    • Rochester, New York, United States, 14642
      • University of Rochester Medical Center
  • North Carolina
    • Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States, 27157
      • Wake Forest Baptist Health

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (ADULT, OLDER_ADULT)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Male or female aged at least 18 years old.
2. Capable of giving written consent on an Institutional Review Board or IRB-approved Informed Consent Form prior to any study-specific evaluation
3. Have a clinical diagnosis of SLE with at least 4 of the 11 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria as modified in 1997 or meeting SLICC criteria
4. SLE activity (SLEDAI ≥6)

5. On a stable SLE treatment regimen consisting of a stable dosage of any of the following medications for a period of at least 30 days prior to Baseline (i.e., day of 1st dose of study agent):

   1. Corticosteroids. Corticosteroids (< 20 mg prednisone or equivalent per day)
   2. Hydroxychloroquine or equivalent anti-malarial
   3. Other immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory agents including methotrexate, azathioprine, leflunomide, mycophenolate (including mycophenolate mofetil, mycophenolate mofetil hydrochloride, and mycophenolate sodium at no more than 2 grams/day), calcineurin inhibitors (e.g., tacrolimus,cyclosporine)
   4. Belimumab dose must be stable for 60 days prior to Baseline
   5. Cyclophosphamide dose must be stable for the last 90 days prior to Baseline
   6. Have not received rituximab within 6 months
6. Have a low habitual consumption of fatty fish and seafood, defined as a frequency of twice per month or less; see Addendum 1 for a list of fish and seafood considered to be fatty.

Exclusion Criteria:

Patients are excluded from the study if any of the following criteria are met:

1. Have rapidly progressive neurologic or renal disease
2. Currently taking an omega-3 prescription drug (e.g. Lovaza®, Vascepa®, etc.) or as medical food (e.g. Vascazen®, Vayarin, Onemia™etc.)
3. Present or recent use (within 3 months of screening) of any OTC fish or krill oil dietary supplement., or any long-chain omega-3 fatty acid dietary supplement (e.g.,MegaRed)
4. Have severe lupus kidney disease (defined by proteinuria > 6 gm/24 hour or equivalent using spot urine protein to creatinine ratio, or serum creatinine > 2.5mg/dL)
5. Have clinical evidence of significant unstable or uncontrolled acute or chronic diseases not related to SLE (i.e., diabetes, cardiovascular, pulmonary, hematologic, gastrointestinal, neurological, or infectious) which, in the opinion of the treating physician, could confound the results of the study or put the patients at undue risk
6. Have received intravenous glucocorticoids at a dosage of ≥ 500 mg daily within the past month
7. Require anti-coagulation with coumadin, clopidogrel, dalteparin, dypyridamole, enoxaparin, heparin or ticlopidine. Low dose aspirin (<325 mg/day) is permitted.
8. Receiving orlistat (Xenical, Alli) and have refused to discontinue at baseline and throughout the trial.
9. History of allergy to seafood or shellfish
10. Have current drug or alcohol abuse or dependence, or a history of drug or alcohol abuse or dependence within 364 days prior to Baseline
11. Are pregnant or lactating
12. Recent participation in a clinical trial with an experimental agent in the past 6 weeks, or 5 half-lives of the study drug, whichever is longer

13. Have a Grade 3 or greater laboratory abnormality based on the Adverse Event Severity Grading Tables (CTCAE), except for the following that are allowed:

    1. Stable Grade 3 partial thromboplastin time (PTT) due to lupus anticoagulant and not related to liver disease or anti-coagulant therapy
    2. Stable Grade 3 hypoalbuminemia due to chronic lupus nephritis, and not related to liver disease
    3. Stable Grade 3 gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) elevation due to lupus hepatitis, and not related to alcoholic liver disease, uncontrolled diabetes, or viral hepatitis. If present, any abnormalities in the ALT or Alanine Transaminase and/or AST or Aspartate Transaminase must be < Grade 2.
    4. Stable Grade 3 neutropenia or stable Grade 3 white blood cell count due to lupus.

14. Patients will be excluded from the study based on the following bone marrow, hepatic and renal function values:

    1. Hemoglobin: < 8.0 gm/dL
    2. Platelets: <50,000/mm
    3. ANC < 1.0 x 103/mm
    4. AST or ALT >2.5 x Upper Limit of Normal unless related to primary disease.
    5. Creatinine clearance ≤ 25ml/min per 1.73m2

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: SUPPORTIVE_CARE
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Interventional Model: PARALLEL
• Masking: QUADRUPLE

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
EXPERIMENTAL: AKBM-3031; 4g/day (2 capsules BID)	Dietary supplement: AKBM-3031; Krill are shrimp-like small crustaceans (up to 6 cm) found in all the world's oceans, but mostly in the Arctic and Antarctic polar seas. Krill are rich in the long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids or LC-PUFAs eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5n3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6n3). The lipid pool of krill is composed of phospholipids and triglycerides and the LC-PUFAs are primarily in the phospholipid fraction. The product is produced under food Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) regulations and has status as GRAS or Generally Recognized As Safe. GRAS is defined by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a substance that is generally recognized, among qualified experts, to be safe under the conditions of its intended use.; Other Names: Krill Oil
PLACEBO_COMPARATOR: Placebo; 4g/day (2 capsules BID)	Other: Placebo; The placebo will be provided in capsules looking exactly as the krill oil capsules and will contain a fatty acid mixture (olive oil, corn oil, palm oil and medium chain triglycerides) which has the same composition as the average European diet (26.0% C16:0, 4.6% C18:0, 35.8% C18:1n9, 16.7% C18:2n6, 2.1% C18:3n3, 0% C20:4n6 and 14.8% other compounds) and contains no EPA or DHA.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
Difference in the ratio of omega-3 to omega-6 measured through lab tests on red blood cells from baseline through the end of the study in patients with generalized lupus.	Baseline to 24 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Effect of correction of omega-3 deficiency measured by SLE biomarkers of immune function.		Baseline to 24 weeks
Effect of correction of omega-3 deficiency measured by both clinician and patient reported outcomes collected at clinic visits.		Baseline to 24 weeks
Change in health related quality of life measured using the Medical Outcomes study Short Form 36 (SF-36).	Both physical component scores (PCS) and mental component scores (MCS) will be assessed. Change in both PCS and MCS will be evaluated over the time of this study. The SF-36 is a patient recorded survey of health related quality of life, consisting of the evaluation of 8 domains, and then scored from 0-100. The higher score correlates to better health-related quality of life. The mean for healthy individuals is 50.	Baseline to 24 weeks
Difference of number of patients with reported adverse events or changes in lab parameters while taking AKBM-3031.	Examples of patient reported adverse events include gastrointestinal symptoms, infection, unexplained bleeding, etc. Examples of lab parameters indicating an adverse event are changes in liver function tests, urinalysis, and hematologic parameters (which could be considered an adverse event).	Baseline to 24 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Aker Biomarine Antarctic AS
• Collaborators: Ampel BioSolutions, LLC

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (ACTUAL): October 23, 2018
• Primary Completion (ACTUAL): August 21, 2021
• Study Completion (ACTUAL): August 21, 2021

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: June 6, 2018
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 8, 2018
• First Posted (ACTUAL): August 13, 2018

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (ACTUAL): October 12, 2021
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 11, 2021
• Last Verified: October 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Lupus; SLE
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Immune System Diseases; Autoimmune Diseases; Connective Tissue Diseases; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic
• Other Study ID Numbers: AMP-004

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No