Proprioception, Physical Performance, and Passing Accuracy in Adolescent Basketball Players

May 5, 2023 updated by: Hakan AKKAN, Kutahya Health Sciences University

The Relationship Between Elbow Proprioception, Upper Extremity Physical Performance, and Passing Accuracy in Adolescent Basketball Players

The relationship between elbow proprioception, upper extremity physical performance, and passing accuracy in adolescent basketball players will be explored.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Proprioception is defined as transmitting the sense of the position of our body, interpreting incoming information about posture, and performing the movement to be done consciously or unconsciously. It is critical in controlling and coordinating goal-directed multi-joint movements. It is crucial to learn and perform the sport-specific techniques correctly to increase performance in training and competitions.

Recently, the interest in basketball has increased, and the number of adolescents participating in this sport has increased at the same rate. Passing is the most widely used technical skill after shooting in basketball. A basketball player's performance and a team's success mainly depend on their passing skills. Because passing in basketball is one of the important actions in the game. It has been stated that the error/success ratio of the player on the passing skill is the main distinguishing factor between beginners and experienced players in competitions.

For this reason, the performance and season-long success of the players in basketball depend mainly on their passing skills. The Physical Performance Tests can be used to determine functional performance and evaluate progression in athletic populations. It has become necessary to conduct studies investigating basketball passing to improve training capacity, the performance, and skills of players.

Some studies in the literature investigate the possible relationship between proprioception and sportive success. One of them emphasized the relationship between free throw percentage and shoulder joint position sense. They also stated that proprioceptive exercises (especially above 90° of the shoulder ROM) could be included in the training program to increase the percentage of free throws. On the other hand, one study examined the relationship between basketball players' free-throw performance, elbow, and wrist joint position sense and found a moderate correlation between free-throw success rate and wrist and elbow joint position sense.

The studies on upper extremity proprioception in basketball players mainly focus on examining free-throw performance, and there is no study examining the relationship between proprioception and passing accuracy. In addition, no research has been found exploring the relationship between upper extremity physical performance and proprioception in basketball. Therefore, this study hypothesizes that a player with good elbow proprioception and upper extremity physical performance tests would have high pass accuracy, considering the importance of passing in basketball.

Study Type

Observational

Enrollment (Actual)

45

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Turkey
      • Kütahya, Turkey
        • Kutahya Health Sciences University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

9 years to 14 years (Child, Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Adolescent basketball players in amateur basketball club teams in Kütahya Province will be recruited for this study.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Those who are between the ages of 13-18
  • Those who have licensed active basketball players
  • Having verbal and written communication skills in Turkish

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Refusal
  • Having had any upper extremity surgery
  • Having a diagnosis of any upper extremity musculoskeletal conditions

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Observational Models: Other
  • Time Perspectives: Cross-Sectional

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
Intervention / Treatment
Adolescent basketball players
Adolescent basketball players between the ages of 13-18 playing in basketball teams
Diagnostic test: Force Sense
A measure of proprioception, using a handheld dynamometer (MicroFET2-hoggan Health Industries Inc.), in a sitting position in a standardized position of the elbow joint of the dominant upper extremity (90 degree of flexion). Measurement of the elbow joint flexion force sense will be expressed as percentages. Each of the targeted trials will be calculated as a percentage of the maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) reference measure. The difference between the targeted and the actual percentage of MVC for each of the trials will be then calculated as a percentage of the targeted MVC, to reflect the proportion of error.
Diagnostic test: Joint Reproduction Sense
A measure of proprioception, using a smart phone goniometer (Android Clinometer) application, in a sitting position in a standardized position of the elbow joint of the dominant upper extremity. Measurement of the elbow joint position reproduction will be expressed as degrees of reproduced angle. Absolute Error (AE) score will be calculated by the absolute value of the difference in degrees of the angle reproduced after subtracting the angle targeted.
Diagnostic test: Seated Medicine Ball Throw
A measure of upper limb physical performance, using 2-kg medicine ball and a standardized protocol, throwing distance expressed in meters.
Diagnostic test: Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test
A measure of upper limb physical performance, using body weight and a standardized protocol, touches between hands expressed in number of touches.
Diagnostic test: Passing Accuracy
A measure of the basketball passing skills, passing of The American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance (AAHPERD) test battery will be used in a standardized protocol. Accurate passes will be expressed in points.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Force Sense
Time Frame: At baseline
A measure of proprioception, using a handheld dynamometer, in a sitting position in a standardized position of the elbow joint of the dominant upper extremity (90 degree of flexion).
At baseline
Joint Position Reproduction
Time Frame: At baseline
A measure of proprioception, using a smart phone goniometer (Android Clinometer) application, in a sitting position in a standardized position of the elbow joint of the dominant upper extremity.
At baseline
Seated Medicine Ball Throw
Time Frame: At baseline
A measure of upper limb physical performance, using body weight and a standardized protocol, touches between hands expressed in number of touches.
At baseline
Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test
Time Frame: At baseline
A measure of upper limb physical performance, using body weight and a standardized protocol, touches between hands expressed in number of touches.
At baseline
Passing Accuracy
Time Frame: At baseline
A measure of the basketball passing skills, passing of The American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance (AAHPERD) test battery will be used in a standardized protocol. Accurate passes will be expressed in points.
At baseline

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Kutahya Health Sciences University

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Hakan Akkan, PT, PhD, Kutahya Health Sciences University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

August 16, 2022

Primary Completion (Actual)

September 30, 2022

Study Completion (Actual)

October 30, 2022

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

March 24, 2022

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

March 24, 2022

First Posted (Actual)

April 1, 2022

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

May 8, 2023

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

May 5, 2023

Last Verified

May 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Other Study ID Numbers

  • KutahyaHSU-002

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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