Evaluation of Illinois Agility Performance With Smartphone Applications: A Validity and Reliability Study

Due to the impracticality of accessing the gold standard test devices, researchers have developed easy-to-use and cost-effective smartphone applications that do not require expert knowledge, and these applications have been used to measure different motor abilities. Smartphone applications such as CODtimer, Stopwatch Movie watch, and Seconds Count are used to evaluate the ability to change direction within these biomotor features. However, the validity and reliability of these applications are the subjects of research.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Sensitivity; Training Group
• Intervention / Treatment: Device: CODTimer test

Detailed Description

The athletic performance level is one of the main factors that determine the success of an athlete. However, the athletic performance level of an athlete is determined by many motor abilities. One of these motor abilities is agility.

Because agility has been seen as a complex physical skill, valid and reliable tests and test devices are needed to determine the level of agility. Therefore, researchers have developed many test devices using technology and they have aimed to reach gold standards to measure agility ability through these devices. In this context, manual timers were first used to measure agility performance, then devices such as fully automatic test devices, photocell types, video timers, and radar systems were accepted as a test tool for the measurement of agility performance. Although fully automatic test devices are accepted as the gold standard in the measurement of velocity-based parameters, they cannot be preferred by everyone due to obstacles such as the need for expert knowledge and being economically costly for their use.

Due to the impracticality of accessing the gold standard test devices, researchers have developed easy-to-use and cost-effective smartphone applications that do not require expert knowledge, and these applications have been used to measure different motor abilities. Among these motor features, CODTimer App is the smartphone application that is frequently preferred in the evaluation of agility ability and whose validity-reliability studies are conducted.

In the previous studies on the validity and reliability of the CODTimer App, a very strong correlation was found between the CODTimer App and the gold standard automatic timing gates according to the 5+5 and 505 agility test protocols. However, many mobile applications have validity and reliability unexplored. It is necessary to investigate different test protocols and devices to spread the use of mobile applications and prove that they are valid and reliable measurement tools.

This study aimed to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the CODTimer, Second Count, and Stopwatch Moviewatch App with an iPhone 11 compared to gold standard timing gates for the evaluation of Illinois agility performance in college athletes.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 30
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Burdur, Turkey
    • Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Faculty of Sport Science
  • Burdur, Turkey
    • Huseyin Sahin UYSAL

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 25 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Athletes who have not experienced an injury in the last 1 year and have a training history of at least one year.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Participants who do not meet the inclusion criteria

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
• Allocation: Non-Randomized
• Interventional Model: Sequential Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

30

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Participant 1; The participant applied the Illinois test twice to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the data collection tools.	Device: CODTimer test; The Illinois test times of the participants will be measured with different phone applications that measure the change of direction performance, and each individual will perform the test twice.; Other Names: Stopwatch Moviewatch App; Seconds Count; Stopwatch; Photocell
Experimental: Participant 2; The participant applied the Illinois test twice to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the data collection tools.	Device: CODTimer test; The Illinois test times of the participants will be measured with different phone applications that measure the change of direction performance, and each individual will perform the test twice.; Other Names: Stopwatch Moviewatch App; Seconds Count; Stopwatch; Photocell
Experimental: Participant 3; The participant applied the Illinois test twice to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the data collection tools.	Device: CODTimer test; The Illinois test times of the participants will be measured with different phone applications that measure the change of direction performance, and each individual will perform the test twice.; Other Names: Stopwatch Moviewatch App; Seconds Count; Stopwatch; Photocell
Experimental: Participant 4; The participant applied the Illinois test twice to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the data collection tools.	Device: CODTimer test; The Illinois test times of the participants will be measured with different phone applications that measure the change of direction performance, and each individual will perform the test twice.; Other Names: Stopwatch Moviewatch App; Seconds Count; Stopwatch; Photocell
Experimental: Participant 5; The participant applied the Illinois test twice to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the data collection tools.	Device: CODTimer test; The Illinois test times of the participants will be measured with different phone applications that measure the change of direction performance, and each individual will perform the test twice.; Other Names: Stopwatch Moviewatch App; Seconds Count; Stopwatch; Photocell
Experimental: Participant 6; The participant applied the Illinois test twice to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the data collection tools.	Device: CODTimer test; The Illinois test times of the participants will be measured with different phone applications that measure the change of direction performance, and each individual will perform the test twice.; Other Names: Stopwatch Moviewatch App; Seconds Count; Stopwatch; Photocell
Experimental: Participant 7; The participant applied the Illinois test twice to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the data collection tools.	Device: CODTimer test; The Illinois test times of the participants will be measured with different phone applications that measure the change of direction performance, and each individual will perform the test twice.; Other Names: Stopwatch Moviewatch App; Seconds Count; Stopwatch; Photocell
Experimental: Participant 8; The participant applied the Illinois test twice to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the data collection tools.	Device: CODTimer test; The Illinois test times of the participants will be measured with different phone applications that measure the change of direction performance, and each individual will perform the test twice.; Other Names: Stopwatch Moviewatch App; Seconds Count; Stopwatch; Photocell
Experimental: Participant 9; The participant applied the Illinois test twice to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the data collection tools.	Device: CODTimer test; The Illinois test times of the participants will be measured with different phone applications that measure the change of direction performance, and each individual will perform the test twice.; Other Names: Stopwatch Moviewatch App; Seconds Count; Stopwatch; Photocell
Experimental: Participant 10; The participant applied the Illinois test twice to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the data collection tools.	Device: CODTimer test; The Illinois test times of the participants will be measured with different phone applications that measure the change of direction performance, and each individual will perform the test twice.; Other Names: Stopwatch Moviewatch App; Seconds Count; Stopwatch; Photocell
Experimental: Participant 11; The participant applied the Illinois test twice to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the data collection tools.	Device: CODTimer test; The Illinois test times of the participants will be measured with different phone applications that measure the change of direction performance, and each individual will perform the test twice.; Other Names: Stopwatch Moviewatch App; Seconds Count; Stopwatch; Photocell
Experimental: Participant 12; The participant applied the Illinois test twice to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the data collection tools.	Device: CODTimer test; The Illinois test times of the participants will be measured with different phone applications that measure the change of direction performance, and each individual will perform the test twice.; Other Names: Stopwatch Moviewatch App; Seconds Count; Stopwatch; Photocell
Experimental: Participant 13; The participant applied the Illinois test twice to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the data collection tools.	Device: CODTimer test; The Illinois test times of the participants will be measured with different phone applications that measure the change of direction performance, and each individual will perform the test twice.; Other Names: Stopwatch Moviewatch App; Seconds Count; Stopwatch; Photocell
Experimental: Participant 14; The participant applied the Illinois test twice to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the data collection tools.	Device: CODTimer test; The Illinois test times of the participants will be measured with different phone applications that measure the change of direction performance, and each individual will perform the test twice.; Other Names: Stopwatch Moviewatch App; Seconds Count; Stopwatch; Photocell
Experimental: Participant 15; The participant applied the Illinois test twice to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the data collection tools.	Device: CODTimer test; The Illinois test times of the participants will be measured with different phone applications that measure the change of direction performance, and each individual will perform the test twice.; Other Names: Stopwatch Moviewatch App; Seconds Count; Stopwatch; Photocell
Experimental: Participant 16; The participant applied the Illinois test twice to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the data collection tools.	Device: CODTimer test; The Illinois test times of the participants will be measured with different phone applications that measure the change of direction performance, and each individual will perform the test twice.; Other Names: Stopwatch Moviewatch App; Seconds Count; Stopwatch; Photocell
Experimental: Participant 17; The participant applied the Illinois test twice to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the data collection tools.	Device: CODTimer test; The Illinois test times of the participants will be measured with different phone applications that measure the change of direction performance, and each individual will perform the test twice.; Other Names: Stopwatch Moviewatch App; Seconds Count; Stopwatch; Photocell
Experimental: Participant 18; The participant applied the Illinois test twice to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the data collection tools.	Device: CODTimer test; The Illinois test times of the participants will be measured with different phone applications that measure the change of direction performance, and each individual will perform the test twice.; Other Names: Stopwatch Moviewatch App; Seconds Count; Stopwatch; Photocell
Experimental: Participant 19; The participant applied the Illinois test twice to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the data collection tools.	Device: CODTimer test; The Illinois test times of the participants will be measured with different phone applications that measure the change of direction performance, and each individual will perform the test twice.; Other Names: Stopwatch Moviewatch App; Seconds Count; Stopwatch; Photocell
Experimental: Participant 20; The participant applied the Illinois test twice to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the data collection tools.	Device: CODTimer test; The Illinois test times of the participants will be measured with different phone applications that measure the change of direction performance, and each individual will perform the test twice.; Other Names: Stopwatch Moviewatch App; Seconds Count; Stopwatch; Photocell
Experimental: Participant 21; The participant applied the Illinois test twice to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the data collection tools.	Device: CODTimer test; The Illinois test times of the participants will be measured with different phone applications that measure the change of direction performance, and each individual will perform the test twice.; Other Names: Stopwatch Moviewatch App; Seconds Count; Stopwatch; Photocell
Experimental: Participant 22; The participant applied the Illinois test twice to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the data collection tools.	Device: CODTimer test; The Illinois test times of the participants will be measured with different phone applications that measure the change of direction performance, and each individual will perform the test twice.; Other Names: Stopwatch Moviewatch App; Seconds Count; Stopwatch; Photocell
Experimental: Participant 23; The participant applied the Illinois test twice to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the data collection tools.	Device: CODTimer test; The Illinois test times of the participants will be measured with different phone applications that measure the change of direction performance, and each individual will perform the test twice.; Other Names: Stopwatch Moviewatch App; Seconds Count; Stopwatch; Photocell
Experimental: Participant 24; The participant applied the Illinois test twice to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the data collection tools.	Device: CODTimer test; The Illinois test times of the participants will be measured with different phone applications that measure the change of direction performance, and each individual will perform the test twice.; Other Names: Stopwatch Moviewatch App; Seconds Count; Stopwatch; Photocell
Experimental: Participant 25; The participant applied the Illinois test twice to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the data collection tools.	Device: CODTimer test; The Illinois test times of the participants will be measured with different phone applications that measure the change of direction performance, and each individual will perform the test twice.; Other Names: Stopwatch Moviewatch App; Seconds Count; Stopwatch; Photocell
Experimental: Participant 26; The participant applied the Illinois test twice to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the data collection tools.	Device: CODTimer test; The Illinois test times of the participants will be measured with different phone applications that measure the change of direction performance, and each individual will perform the test twice.; Other Names: Stopwatch Moviewatch App; Seconds Count; Stopwatch; Photocell
Experimental: Participant 27; The participant applied the Illinois test twice to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the data collection tools.	Device: CODTimer test; The Illinois test times of the participants will be measured with different phone applications that measure the change of direction performance, and each individual will perform the test twice.; Other Names: Stopwatch Moviewatch App; Seconds Count; Stopwatch; Photocell
Experimental: Participant 28; The participant applied the Illinois test twice to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the data collection tools.	Device: CODTimer test; The Illinois test times of the participants will be measured with different phone applications that measure the change of direction performance, and each individual will perform the test twice.; Other Names: Stopwatch Moviewatch App; Seconds Count; Stopwatch; Photocell
Experimental: Participant 29; The participant applied the Illinois test twice to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the data collection tools.	Device: CODTimer test; The Illinois test times of the participants will be measured with different phone applications that measure the change of direction performance, and each individual will perform the test twice.; Other Names: Stopwatch Moviewatch App; Seconds Count; Stopwatch; Photocell
Experimental: Participant 30; The participant applied the Illinois test twice to determine the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the data collection tools.	Device: CODTimer test; The Illinois test times of the participants will be measured with different phone applications that measure the change of direction performance, and each individual will perform the test twice.; Other Names: Stopwatch Moviewatch App; Seconds Count; Stopwatch; Photocell

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
The relationship of smartphone apps versus gold standard measuring tool in measuring direction change performance	Two photocell doors with a height of 1.5 meters and a distance of 2 meters were placed at the beginning and the end of the test. However, to take measurements with smartphone applications, video recordings were made with smartphones from a height of 1.5, 2 meters away from the photocell, parallel to the ending and starting points. To measure with the stopwatch, the researchers were positioned 1 meter next to the photocell at the endpoint. At the beginning of the test, the exit positions of the participants were standardized, and each participant applied the illinois test twice with three minutes of listening. The means of the obtained values were determined according to the following formula; (first trial time[second]+ second trial time[second])/2. Hypothesis tests were performed with trial time mean. It was assumed that the shorter the test times of the athletes, the better their performance.	1-week

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Mehmet Akif Ersoy University
• Investigators: Study Director: Huseyin Sahin Uysal, Msc, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): March 10, 2022
• Primary Completion (Actual): June 2, 2022
• Study Completion (Actual): June 20, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: July 20, 2022
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 23, 2022
• First Posted (Actual): July 26, 2022

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): July 26, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 23, 2022
• Last Verified: July 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Agility; Performance test; Smarthone app
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Immune System Diseases; Hypersensitivity
• Other Study ID Numbers: MehmetAkifU

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No