ID-ClimAct. Influence of Social Motives of Clients and Staff on the Social Climate of Secure Settings (ID-ClimAct)

The social climate in secure settings is an essential element to successful rehabilitation. Previous studies indicate that staff characteristics are a relevant factor contributing to a beneficial social climate. Yet, secure settings form a specific and challenging work environment. Staff members are faced with clients who present a variety of difficult emotional and behavioural problems. Social motives for caring and cooperation can be blocked in a threatening environment, favouring dysfunctional interpersonal dynamics between individuals. This observational study explores the reciprocal influences of social motives between clients and staff on the social climate within secure settings.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Interpersonal Relations; Social Dominance; Social Environment; Correctional Institutions; Rehabilitation of Criminals
• Intervention / Treatment: Diagnostic test: CSIV, Social motive; Diagnostic test: Interpersonal messages and behavior; Diagnostic test: CCS, Social motive

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 453

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Switzerland
  • Basel-Stadt
    • Basel, Basel-Stadt, Switzerland, 4002
      • University Psychiatric Clinics Basel, Clinic for Forensics

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

The study will involve approximately 200 participants, consisting of both clients and staff members from various secure settings such as prisons and forensic psychiatries in Switzerland.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Clients who are currently incarcerated within the specified secure settings.
• Staff members currently employed in the specified secure settings.
• Individuals (both clients and staff) who are capable of providing informed consent.
• Clients who are deemed competent and not under any disciplinary restrictions that would preclude participation.
• Staff members who are directly involved with client care and management.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Clients who are not considered competent to provide informed consent.
• Staff members who do not have direct interactions with clients (e.g., administrative staff not involved in direct care).
• Clients and staff from open prisons

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

2

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort	Intervention / Treatment
Clients; Adult clients in a secure setting (i.e. prison or forensic mental health psychiatry	Diagnostic test: CSIV, Social motive; The CSIV is a self-report measure and assesses interpersonal values using eight octant scales, which are aggregated into overall communion and agency scores, ranging from -4 to +4 .; Other Names: Circumplex Scales of Interpersonal Values (CSIV; Locke, 2000); Diagnostic test: Interpersonal messages and behavior; The Impact Message Inventory - Circumplex (IMI-C) Brief Version is a self-report transactional inventory designed to measure a target person's interpersonal behavior on four octant scales dominance, hostility, submissiveness, and friendliness by assessing the covert responses or "impact messages" of another person. Each subscale consists of 7 items, with each item scored on a 4-point Likert scale from 1 (not at all) to 4 (very much so). The minimum score per scale is 7 and the maximum score is 28.; Other Names: Impact Message Inventory - Circumplex (IMI-C; Kiesler, 2006); Diagnostic test: CCS, Social motive; The CCS is a elf-report inventory, that measures tendencies towards competitiveness versus caring in social interactions. The minimum score for the two subscales competitiveness and caring are 9 and the maximum score is 90.; Other Names: Competitiveness and Caring Scale (CCS; McEwan, Gilbert, & Duarte, 2012)
Staff; Adult staff in a secure setting (including forensic healthcare staff, social workers, probation officers, prison offers, education staff)	Diagnostic test: CSIV, Social motive; The CSIV is a self-report measure and assesses interpersonal values using eight octant scales, which are aggregated into overall communion and agency scores, ranging from -4 to +4 .; Other Names: Circumplex Scales of Interpersonal Values (CSIV; Locke, 2000); Diagnostic test: Interpersonal messages and behavior; The Impact Message Inventory - Circumplex (IMI-C) Brief Version is a self-report transactional inventory designed to measure a target person's interpersonal behavior on four octant scales dominance, hostility, submissiveness, and friendliness by assessing the covert responses or "impact messages" of another person. Each subscale consists of 7 items, with each item scored on a 4-point Likert scale from 1 (not at all) to 4 (very much so). The minimum score per scale is 7 and the maximum score is 28.; Other Names: Impact Message Inventory - Circumplex (IMI-C; Kiesler, 2006); Diagnostic test: CCS, Social motive; The CCS is a elf-report inventory, that measures tendencies towards competitiveness versus caring in social interactions. The minimum score for the two subscales competitiveness and caring are 9 and the maximum score is 90.; Other Names: Competitiveness and Caring Scale (CCS; McEwan, Gilbert, & Duarte, 2012)

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Social Climate Perception	Measured through Essen Climate Evaluation Schema (EssenCES). The EssenCES uses a 5-point Likert scale for each item, ranging from 0 (never) to 4 (always). The three subscales Therapeutic Hold, Patients' Cohesion and Experienced Safety each comprises five items, the minimum score for each subscale is 0 and the maximum is 20.	Day 1

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University Psychiatric Clinics Basel
• Collaborators: University of Basel
• Investigators: Study Director: Marc Graf, Prof. Dr., University Psychiatric Clinics Basel

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): May 31, 2024
• Primary Completion (Actual): September 15, 2024
• Study Completion (Actual): November 20, 2024

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: April 21, 2024
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 21, 2024
• First Posted (Actual): April 25, 2024

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 28, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 24, 2025
• Last Verified: March 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Other Study ID Numbers: ID-ClimAct-1

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No