The Effect of Probiotics on Gut Microbiota Changes in Healthy Chinese Adults During Short-Term European Travel: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial (The Effect of)

This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a probiotic complex (containing Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis B94 and Lacticaseibacillus helveticus R0052) in maintaining gut microbiota homeostasis and supporting physiological and psychological stability among healthy Chinese adults during short-term travel to Europe.

Study Overview

• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Conditions: Healthy Adult
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Placebo; Other: Probiotic

Detailed Description

With rising living standards, travel has become a common leisure activity. However, environmental changes, altered dietary habits, and disruptions to circadian rhythms during travel can significantly affect gut microbiota, potentially leading to various health issues. Dietary shifts are a primary driver of these alterations; the introduction of unfamiliar foods and beverages exposes the gut to foreign bacterial strains that compete with indigenous microbiota, increasing the risk of dysbiosis. This imbalance may manifest as gastrointestinal disturbances such as traveler's diarrhea or constipation, often associated with high-fat and low-fiber diets. In addition to dietary factors, travel-related stress, jet lag, and variations in hygiene conditions further influence microbial homeostasis. Growing evidence underscores a close relationship between gut microbiota and immune function, indicating that dysbiosis may compromise immune defenses and heighten susceptibility to respiratory infections and allergic responses triggered by novel environmental exposures.

Probiotics, defined as live microorganisms that confer health benefits when administered in adequate amounts, have gained considerable attention for their potential to promote human health. Predominantly derived from the *Lactobacillus* and *Bifidobacterium* genera, these beneficial microbes support gut health by modulating microbial composition, enhancing immune function, and improving digestive processes. Numerous studies have demonstrated their effectiveness in alleviating gastrointestinal disorders and reducing infection risk through immune system reinforcement. In addition, the capacity of probiotics to influence the gut-brain axis highlights their potential role in supporting mental health.

To ensure both safety and efficacy, this study employs *Bifidobacterium animalis* subsp. *lactis* B94 and *Lacticaseibacillus helveticus* R0052. Strain B94 has been clinically validated for improving bowel regularity and alleviating gastrointestinal discomfort through mechanisms such as short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, pathogen inhibition, and enhancement of intestinal barrier function. Strain R0052 is well recognized for its tolerability and its ability to shorten the duration of antibiotic-associated diarrhea while modulating immune responses. Moreover, R0052 has been shown to reduce psychological distress under stressful conditions, suggesting a regulatory role within the gut-brain axis. The combined use of these strains is therefore expected to promote microbiota stability and support overall health during the short-term physiological and psychological stress associated with travel.

The present study builds upon findings from a previous randomized controlled trial involving travelers to Japan. That trial demonstrated that short-term probiotic supplementation significantly enhanced gut microbiota resilience and improved both physiological and psychological homeostasis. Compared with the control group, participants receiving probiotics exhibited smaller fluctuations in microbial composition and achieved a more rapid return to baseline following travel. Lower incidences of gastrointestinal discomfort were reported, alongside improvements in anxiety, fatigue, and mood stability. Collectively, these results suggest that short-term probiotic intervention represents a practical and effective strategy for supporting health and well-being during periods of rapid environmental and lifestyle change.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Estimated): 40
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Min Tze Liong, Ph.D.; Phone Number: 6046532114; Email: mintze.liong@usm.my
• Study Contact Backup: Name: Yuan Jie, M.Sc.; Phone Number: 822137027899; Email: peanut.yuan@diprobio.com

Study Locations

• China
  • Beijing Municipality
    • Haidian, Beijing Municipality, China, 100080
      • Tsinghua University Science and Technology
      • Contact: Yuan Jie, M.Sc.; Phone Number: 822137027899; Email: peanut.yuan@diprobio.com
• Malaysia
  • Pulau Pinang
    • Pulau Pinang, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, 11800
      • Universiti Sains Malaysia
      • Contact: Min Tze Liong, Ph.D; Phone Number: 6046532114; Email: mintze.liong@usm.my

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion criteria:

1. Aged 18-65 years, regardless of gender;
2. Planning to undertake a short-term round-trip journey to Europe (within 7 days);
3. Able to understand and willing to comply with the study protocol, and to cooperate with study procedures;
4. Voluntarily sign the informed consent form before any study-related procedures are initiated.

Exclusion criteria:

1. Diseases that may affect the evaluation of trial results, such as immune dysfunction, severe renal/hepatic dysfunction, severe cardiovascular disease, malignant tumors, acute or chronic infections, etc.;
2. Use of probiotic preparations, antibiotics, hormones, immunosuppressants, biological agents, or JAK inhibitors within 4 weeks;
3. Subjects with diagnosed or uncontrolled parasitic infections;
4. Patients receiving long-term medication for chronic diseases;
5. Patients with severe organic lesions in the thyroid, heart, brain, lungs, kidneys, or musculoskeletal system;
6. Patients with a history of or currently diagnosed mental illness;
7. Patients on long-term corticosteroid therapy;
8. Use of growth hormone, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), lysine, inositol, or vitamin B12;
9. Presence of uncontrolled, clinically significant laboratory abnormalities that may affect data interpretation or subject participation;
10. Participation in other clinical intervention studies involving drugs, dietary supplements, probiotics, or prebiotics within the past 4 weeks;
11. Presence of severe infections or major trauma deemed by the investigator to potentially affect outcomes, or having undergone moderate to major surgery within the past month;
12. Known allergy to any component of the probiotic product;
13. Subjects deemed unsuitable for participation by the investigator for any other reason.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Prevention
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Quadruple

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Placebo Comparator: Placebo; Daily 6-drops of non-GMO corn starch in medium-chain triglyceride oil	Other: Placebo; Daily 6-drops of non-GMO corn starch in medium-chain triglyceride oil
Experimental: Probiotic; Daily 6-drops of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis B94, Lacticaseibacillus helveticus R0052 in non-GMO corn starch as excipient, in medium-chain triglyceride oil (1.5 × 109 CFU/day)	Other: Probiotic; Daily 6-drops of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis B94, Lacticaseibacillus helveticus R0052 in non-GMO corn starch as excipient, in medium-chain triglyceride oil (1.5 × 109 CFU/day)

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Microbiota profiles of fecal samples in generally healthy adults upon administration of probiotic as assessed via metagenomics sequencing	Differences in microbiota abundance in fecal sample of generally healthy adults upon administration o probiotic compared to placebo	7 days

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Respiratory symptoms duration and frequency in generally healthy adults upon administration of probiotic as assessed using questionnaire	Changes in duration and frequency of respiratory illnesses symptoms from generally healthy adults on probiotic or placebo after 7-days, via the use of standard clinical assessment questionnaire, scale 0-3 where higher scores indicate more severe symptoms.	7 days
Gastrointestinal symptoms in generally healthy adults upon administration of probiotic as assessed using questionnaire	Differences in duration and frequency of gastrointestinal symptoms upon administration of probiotic compared to placebo via the use of standard clinical assessment questionnaire, scale 0-3 where higher scores indicate more severe symptoms.	7 days
Allergy symptoms in generally healthy adults upon administration of probiotic as assessed using questionnaire	Differences in duration and frequency of allergy symptoms upon administration of probiotic compared to placebo via the use of standard clinical assessment questionnaire, scale 0-3 where higher scores indicate more severe symptoms.	7 days
Anxiety in generally healthy adults upon administration of probiotic as assessed using questionnaire	Differences in anxiety using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), having a scale of 0-3 where higher scores indicate more severe outcomes, upon administration of probiotic compared to placebo.	7 days
Sleep quality in generally healthy adults upon administration of probiotic as assessed using questionnaire	Differences in sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), having a scale of 0-3 where higher scores indicate more severe outcomes, upon administration of probiotic compared to placebo.	7 days
General well being in generally healthy adults upon administration of probiotic as assessed using questionnaire	Differences in general well being using the World Health Organization Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5), having a scale of 0-5 where higher scores indicate better well being, upon administration of probiotic compared to placebo.	7 days

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Min-Tze LIONG
• Collaborators: Tsinghua University
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Ai Zhou, Ph.D., Tsinghua University Science and Technology

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Estimated): February 1, 2026
• Primary Completion (Estimated): January 31, 2027
• Study Completion (Estimated): January 31, 2027

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 19, 2026
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 28, 2026
• First Posted (Actual): February 3, 2026

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): February 3, 2026
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 28, 2026
• Last Verified: January 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: probiotic; international travel
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Dietary Supplements; Food; Diet, Food, and Nutrition; Physiological Phenomena; Food and Beverages; Probiotics
• Other Study ID Numbers: THU-01-2025-1092

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No