Prognostic Value of Preoperative Frailty Assessment in Geriatric Lower Limb Orthopedic Surgery

February 19, 2026 updated by: Adel Samy ElHammady, Benha University

The Merits of Preoperative Frailty Assessment of Geriatric Patients Undergoing Lower Limb Orthopedic Surgery.

This retrospective study evaluates the effectiveness of frailty assessment tools-specifically the Risk Analysis Index (RAI) and the 5-Item Modified Frailty Index (5-mFI)-in predicting postoperative outcomes for elderly patients undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgery. The study seeks to determine if these preoperative scores can accurately identify patients at higher risk for 90-day mortality and major complications.

Study Overview

Status

Active, not recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Observational

Enrollment (Estimated)

149

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Egypt
    • Al Qalyoubia
      • Banhā, Al Qalyoubia, Egypt, 13511
        • Benha University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

The study population consists of geriatric patients aged 65 years and older who underwent major lower limb orthopedic surgeries (such as hip or knee arthroplasty or fracture fixation) at the participating orthopedic departments. The cohort includes individuals with varying degrees of preoperative physical reserve, categorized into frail, pre-frail, and non-frail groups using validated assessment tools. This population represents a high-risk surgical demographic characterized by multiple comorbidities and age-related physiological decline, requiring detailed perioperative data analysis.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Geriatric patients (aged 65 years and older).
  • Underwent lower limb orthopedic surgery (e.g., hip or knee arthroplasty, fracture fixation).
  • Availability of complete perioperative medical records.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients younger than 65.
  • Incomplete follow-up data or missing intraoperative records.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
Intervention / Treatment
Frail Group
Geriatric patients (aged 65+) identified as "frail" based on preoperative Risk Analysis Index (RAI) or 5-mFI scores.
Other: Preoperative Frailty Scoring
Data extraction of RAI and 5-mFI scores from medical records to correlate with 90-day postoperative outcomes.
Non-Frail Group
Geriatric patients undergoing similar lower limb surgeries who are identified as "robust" or "non-frail" by the same assessment tools.
Other: Preoperative Frailty Scoring
Data extraction of RAI and 5-mFI scores from medical records to correlate with 90-day postoperative outcomes.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Diagnostic Accuracy of the Risk Analysis Index (RAI)
Time Frame: 90 days post-surgery
The Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve used to determine the predictive performance of the RAI score for 90-day mortality.
90 days post-surgery
Percentage of Participants With Major Postoperative Complications
Time Frame: 90 days post-surgery
The number of participants who experienced one or more major postoperative complications, defined as Clavien-Dindo Grade III or higher.
90 days post-surgery

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Correlation of Surgical Apgar Score (SAS) with Recovery
Time Frame: 1 week
Evaluation of intraoperative parameters (blood loss, heart rate, blood pressure) via the SAS to predict the length of hospital stay.
1 week

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Benha University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

February 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

March 1, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

April 1, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

February 8, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 12, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

February 19, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

February 23, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 19, 2026

Last Verified

February 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Other Study ID Numbers

  • RC 20.1.2026

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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