USE OF PERINEAL MIRROR DURING THE SECOND STAGE OF LABOR

June 18, 2026 updated by: melek balcikcolak, Sakarya University

THE EFFECT OF PERİNEAL MİRROR USE DURİNG THE SECOND STAGE OF LABOR ON THE DURATİON OF THE SECOND STAGE, RECOVERY, AND PERCEİVED PAİN, SUPPORT, AND CONTROL LEVELS DURİNG DELİVERY

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of perineal mirror use during the second stage of labor on the duration of the second stage, postpartum recovery, and perceived pain, support, and control levels during delivery.

Method: The study was designed as a randomized controlled experimental study to examine the effect of perineal mirror use on delivery outcomes in primiparous women. The study population consisted of primiparous pregnant women admitted to the maternity clinic between June 29, 2026, and October 30, 2026. The sample size was calculated using the G*Power 3.1.9.2 program with an effect size of 0.50, 5% Type I error, and 95% power level; a total of 72 participants were selected, 36 in the intervention group and 36 in the control group. Considering potential losses, the sample size was increased by 10%, and a total of 80 pregnant women were planned to be included in the study. Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention group using a perineal mirror and the control group receiving routine care. The following instruments will be used as data collection tools: Pregnancy Demographic Information Form, REEDA Scale, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Perceived Support and Control in Childbirth Scale.

Expected Outcome: It is predicted that the perineal mirror may increase the woman's active participation, motivation, and perceived control by allowing her to see the fetal descent and the progress of labor; consequently, it may reduce the duration of active pushing and the duration of the second stage. It is also thought that it may have positive effects on the birth experience, postpartum recovery, and perceived level of support and control. The research results are expected to provide evidence for non-invasive and low-cost applications that can be used in childbirth care.

Study Overview

Status

Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

80

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Locations

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Women aged 19 and over
  • Women with term pregnancy (38+0 - 41+6)
  • Women with singleton pregnancy
  • Women who have had spontaneous vaginal delivery
  • Primiparous pregnant women
  • Women who voluntarily agree to participate in the study will be included.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Women with high-risk pregnancies
  • Women with multiple pregnancies

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Perineal Mirror Group
Participants in this group will receive perineal mirror use during the active pushing phase of the second stage of labor in addition to routine intrapartum care. The mirror will be positioned to allow visualization of fetal descent and birth progress.
Device: Perineal Mirror
A perineal mirror will be positioned at the foot of the delivery bed during the active pushing phase of the second stage of labor. The mirror will allow the woman to visualize fetal descent and birth progress while continuing routine intrapartum care. The intervention is non-invasive, does not alter standard clinical management, and is intended to enhance maternal participation, motivation, perceived control, and support during childbirth.
No Intervention: Routine Care Group
Participants in this group will receive routine intrapartum care during labor without perineal mirror use.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Duration of the Second Stage of Labor
Time Frame: During labor (second stage of labor)
Duration of the second stage of labor, measured in minutes from complete cervical dilatation to birth.
During labor (second stage of labor)

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sakarya University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

June 29, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

October 30, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

October 30, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

June 16, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 18, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

June 22, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

June 22, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 18, 2026

Last Verified

June 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • E-43012747-050.04-579687-319

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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