AI Chatbot Education for Improving HPV Knowledge Among University Students (AIHPV)

June 29, 2026 updated by: Pouran Varvani Farahani, Near East University, Turkey

Effect of an AI Chatbot-Based Educational Program on HPV Knowledge Among University Students

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide and is associated with several cancers. Adequate knowledge about HPV and vaccination remains limited among university students. This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot-based educational program in improving HPV knowledge among undergraduate nursing students at Cyprus International University. Participants will be randomly assigned to either an AI chatbot-based personalized education group or a control group receiving standard written educational materials. HPV knowledge will be assessed before and after the intervention using the validated HPV Knowledge Questionnaire. The findings will provide evidence regarding the effectiveness of AI-supported educational strategies for improving HPV-related knowledge among university students

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Study Purpose

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an AI chatbot-based educational program in improving Human Papillomavirus (HPV) knowledge among undergraduate nursing students.

Study Design

This study was designed as a parallel-group randomized controlled trial conducted among undergraduate nursing students at Cyprus International University, Northern Cyprus. Participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (AI chatbot-based personalized education) or the control group (standard written educational materials) using block randomization.

Sample Size

Based on a previous educational intervention study and the two-sample mean comparison formula, with a significance level of 0.05 and a statistical power of 80%, the required sample size was calculated as 30 participants per group. After allowing for a 10% dropout rate, a total of 68 participants were enrolled, with 34 participants allocated to each study group.

Data Collection Tools

Data were collected using:

A demographic questionnaire (age, gender, faculty, year of study, previous HPV education, source of HPV information, and HPV vaccination status).

The validated 29-item HPV Knowledge Questionnaire developed by Waller et al. (2013), assessing general HPV knowledge, HPV testing knowledge, and HPV vaccination knowledge.

Intervention

Participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups.

AI Chatbot Group:

Participants received personalized HPV education through an artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot. Educational content was tailored according to each participant's baseline HPV knowledge and included information on HPV transmission, risk factors, HPV-related diseases, vaccination, prevention strategies, and common misconceptions.

Control Group:

Participants received standard written educational materials covering the same HPV-related topics without chatbot interaction or personalized educational content.

Outcome Assessment

HPV knowledge was measured before and after the educational intervention using the validated HPV Knowledge Questionnaire.

Ethical Considerations

The study received approval from the Cyprus International University Ethics Review Board (Approval No. EKK25-26/15/08). The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and written informed consent was obtained from all participants before enrollment.

Statistical Analysis

Data will be analyzed using SPSS version 26. Descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, paired t-tests, Chi-square tests, Fisher's exact tests, and non-parametric tests will be performed as appropriate. Statistical significance will be be set at a two-sided P value of less than 0.05.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

68

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Cyprus
    • North Cyprus
      • Nicosia, North Cyprus, Cyprus
        • Pouran Varvani Farahani

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child
  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. All students, both female and male, first semester of bachelor's degree, studying in nursing department Enrollment at Cyprus International University
  2. Willingness to participate and provide written informed consent
  3. No prior formal education on HPV

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Withdrawal of consent at any stage of the study
  2. Failure to complete either the pre-test or post-test assessments
  3. Incomplete participation in the educational intervention

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Prevention
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: AI Chatbot-Based Education
Participants in this group received personalized education about Human Papillomavirus (HPV) through an artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot. The educational content was tailored according to each participant's baseline HPV knowledge and covered HPV transmission, risk factors, HPV-related diseases, HPV vaccination, prevention strategies, and common misconceptions
Behavioral: AI Chatbot-Based Education
Participants received personalized education through an artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot. Educational content was tailored according to each participant's baseline HPV knowledge and included information on HPV transmission, risk factors, HPV-related diseases, HPV vaccination, prevention strategies, and common misconceptions. The chatbot provided interactive, personalized educational support throughout the intervention
Active Comparator: Standard Written Education
Participants in this group received standard written educational materials covering the same HPV-related topics, including HPV transmission, risk factors, HPV-related diseases, HPV vaccination, and prevention strategies. No personalized feedback or AI chatbot interaction was provided
Behavioral: Standard Written Education
Participants received standard written educational materials covering HPV transmission, risk factors, HPV-related diseases, HPV vaccination, and prevention strategies. The educational materials were identical in content to the intervention group but were provided without personalization or AI chatbot interaction

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
HPV Knowledge Score
Time Frame: Baseline (before the educational intervention) and 1 month after completion of the educational intervention.
The primary outcome measure assesses changes in participants' knowledge of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) following the educational intervention. HPV knowledge is measured using the validated 29-item HPV Knowledge Questionnaire developed by Waller et al. (2013). The questionnaire evaluates three domains: general HPV knowledge, HPV testing knowledge, and HPV vaccination knowledge. Higher total scores indicate greater HPV-related knowledge
Baseline (before the educational intervention) and 1 month after completion of the educational intervention.

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Near East University, Turkey

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Pouran Varvani Farahani, PhD, PhD in Pediatric Nursing, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Cyprus International University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

March 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Actual)

April 20, 2026

Study Completion (Actual)

May 30, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

June 29, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 29, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

July 6, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

July 6, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 29, 2026

Last Verified

June 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • PVF-HPV-AI-2026
  • EKK25-26/15/08 (Other Identifier: Cyprus International University Ethics Review Board)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

IPD Plan Description

No There is no plan to make IPD available to other researchers

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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