Miniaturized Breath-based Sensor for the Detection of Hypo- and Hyperglycemia

July 4, 2026 updated by: Mangilal Agarwal, Indiana University

Miniaturized Smart Sensor Device for the Detection of Hypo- and Hyperglycemic Events in Persons Diagnosed With Diabetes

The purpose of this study is to determine whether an array of biosensors can noninvasively identify hyperglycemic or hypoglycemic events in persons diagnosed with diabetes through noninvasive detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath.

Study Overview

Status

Recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

At this stage, the team will deploy two different analytical platforms in parallel in a clinical study to survey exhaled breath volatile organic compound (VOC) profiles at a diabetes youth camp. The ultimate objective is to determine whether a miniaturized laboratory device incorporating metal oxide gas sensors can reliably distinguish specific VOCs associated with glycemic events under real-world conditions. Sensor responses will be validated through parallel breath collection using Tedlar (plastic) bags, followed by confirmatory analysis via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

40

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

  • Name: Mangilal Agarwal, PhD
  • Phone Number: 317-278-9792
  • Email: agarwal@iu.edu

Study Contact Backup

  • Name: Akanksha Tipparti, M.S.
  • Phone Number: 317-626-9725
  • Email: atippart@iu.edu

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Indiana
      • Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, 46231
        • Recruiting
        • Jameson Camp
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Linda DiMeglio, MD
        • Contact:

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child
  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Who are diagnosed with T1D or T2D.
  • Who are between 7-25 years of age.
  • That use a Dexcom (G6 or G7) CGM device.
  • That have an established working CGM for at least 12 hours.
  • That are willing to share their CGM data for the study duration.
  • That are willing and able to fill up a breath collection bag.
  • That are attending a diabetes camp in the state of Indiana.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • That are smokers or who live with someone who smokes in their vicinity (including prior to attending camp).
  • That have a condition or abnormality other than T1D/T2D that in the opinion of the Investigators would compromise the safety of the subject or the quality of the data.
  • That have symptoms or recently been diagnosed with an upper respiratory illness including COVID-19 (or other viral/bacterial infections).
  • That follow a "ketogenic diet".
  • That are unable or unwilling to cooperate with either of the sample collection modes.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
  • Allocation: N/A
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Diabetic Children Attending a Summer Youth Camp with Continuous Glucose Monitors
Participants diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (T1D) or type 2 diabetes (T2D) will be recruited for the study. Following consent, enrolled subjects will donate breath samples for approximately one week over the course of the summer camp. Each subject will donate two breath samples during at least n = 15 breath collection events (n = 30 samples in total) for analysis by sensors and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), while also collecting finger stick data right before (or after) each breath sample. The participant will also wear a CGM as a routine standard care procedure for diabetes management.
Device: Sensing Device and Tedlar Bags
Children diagnosed with diabetes that wear a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) will provide breath samples into the miniaturized sensing device (as well as Tedlar bags for GC-MS analysis) during euglycemia, hypoglycemia, and hyperglycemia. The breath data will be analyzed to draw correlations with blood glucose levels measured via CGMs and finger prick tests.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Sensor Features Correlate with Blood Glucose Measurements
Time Frame: 1 week for the summer camp.
Detection of exhaled VOC concentrations via the miniaturized laboratory device that correlate with hyper- and hypoglycemic episodes determined through finger stick and CGM data. It is anticipated that the device will be capable of noninvasively estimating blood glucose levels with approximately 30% agreement relative to CGM measurements, while accurately identifying hypo- and hyperglycemic events with greater than 85-90% sensitivity/specificity.
1 week for the summer camp.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
GC-MS Analysis of VOCs Correlate with Blood Glucose and Sensor Data
Time Frame: 1 week for the summer camp.
Specific VOCs identified through GC-MS analysis are expected to correlate not only with blood glucose levels and hypo-/hyperglycemic events, but also with extracted features of the sensor response. It is anticipated that select VOCs will exhibit statistically significant correlations (R > 0.70) with glycemic measures and may demonstrate stronger associations with blood glucose levels and glycemic state classification compared to the metal oxide gas sensor array.
1 week for the summer camp.

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Indiana University

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Linda DiMeglio, MD, Indiana University
  • Principal Investigator: Mark Woollam, PhD, Indiana University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

May 31, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

September 1, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

October 1, 2027

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

July 4, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

July 4, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

July 10, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

July 10, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

July 4, 2026

Last Verified

July 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 31571

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

IPD Plan Description

Only the principal investigators and research personnel listed in the approved Institutional Review Board (IRB) protocol will have access to the individual participant data (IPD), which will be stored on REDCap. The team does not anticipate submitting results or manuscripts to ICMJE journals.

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

Yes

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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