Evaluation of a Wearable Technology to Support Breastfeeding Women (Lactogame)

August 29, 2026 updated by: Özlem Ülkü BULUT

Development of a Breast Milk-sensitive Wearable Technology and Evaluation of Its Effects Through the Experiences of Breastfeeding Women

This study aims to evaluate a wearable technology developed to support breastfeeding women. The study will assess the performance of sensors in the wearable prototype for monitoring breast milk fullness and milk flow and compare the sensor measurements with the amount of breast milk obtained through breast pumping. The study will also evaluate women's experiences, satisfaction, perceived usefulness, and ease of use of the wearable prototype and its mobile application. The technology is intended for monitoring and support purposes and will not be used for diagnosis, treatment, or clinical decision-making.

Study Overview

Status

Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

36

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Turkey (Türkiye)
    • Ankara
      • Ankara, Ankara, Turkey (Türkiye), 06300
        • Lokman Hekim University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Women aged 18-45 years
  • Currently breastfeeding
  • Having an infant aged 0-6 months
  • Willing to use the wearable technology and accompanying mobile application for 15 days
  • Able to express breast milk for comparison with sensor measurements
  • Voluntarily agreeing to participate in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Having a medical condition that prevents breastfeeding or breast milk expression
  • Having an active breast or nipple condition that prevents the use of the wearable prototype
  • Being unable to use the wearable technology or mobile application during the study period
  • Withdrawing consent at any stage of the study

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Other
  • Allocation: N/A
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Wearable Breastfeeding Support Technology
Participants will use the wearable prototype and its accompanying mobile application. Sensor measurements obtained during use will be evaluated and compared with the amount of breast milk obtained through breast pumping. Participants' experiences with the technology will also be assessed.
Device: Breast Milk-Sensitive Wearable Technology
Participants will use a breast milk-sensitive wearable prototype integrated with a mobile application. The wearable technology collects sensor-based measurements related to breast milk fullness and milk flow. Sensor measurements will be compared with the amount of breast milk obtained through breast pumping. Participants' experiences, satisfaction, perceived usefulness, and ease of use of the wearable technology and mobile application will also be evaluated.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Electrical Sensor Signals Obtained From the Wearable Prototype
Time Frame: During the 15-day intervention period
The wearable sensor system will acquire and analyze sensor signals to generate a Breast Milk Fullness Index ranging from 0 to 100. Higher values indicate greater estimated breast milk fullness. Measurements will be obtained in relation to breastfeeding and/or breast pumping sessions and compared with reference measurements of milk removal.
During the 15-day intervention period
Milk Flow Pattern Parameters Measured by the Wearable Sensor System
Time Frame: During the 15-day intervention period
Milk flow-related signal patterns will be acquired and analyzed by the LactoGame wearable sensor system during breastfeeding and/or breast pumping. Quantitative system-derived parameters, including average and peak signal characteristics, will be used to characterize milk flow patterns.
During the 15-day intervention period
Expressed Breast Milk Volume Assessed Using the Breast Milk Expression Volume Record Form
Time Frame: During the 15-day intervention period
Expressed breast milk volume will be recorded using the Breast Milk Expression Volume Record Form. For each pumping session, the amount of breast milk obtained will be recorded in milliliters (mL), together with breast side, expression method, and expression duration. Expressed milk volume will be used as a reference measurement for comparison with sensor-derived measurements.
During the 15-day intervention period

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
User Experience and Satisfaction Assessed Using the User Experience and Satisfaction Evaluation Form
Time Frame: At the end of the 15-day intervention period
User experience and satisfaction will be assessed using the researcher-developed 14-item User Experience and Satisfaction Evaluation Form. Each item is rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). Total scores range from 14 to 70, with higher scores indicating a more positive user experience and greater satisfaction with the wearable prototype and mobile application. The form also includes three open-ended questions to obtain additional qualitative feedback.
At the end of the 15-day intervention period

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Özlem Ülkü BULUT

Collaborators

Lokman Hekim University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

October 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

December 1, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

September 1, 2027

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

August 25, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

August 29, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

September 2, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

September 2, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

August 29, 2026

Last Verified

August 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • LactoGameWear01

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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