Multimodal Prehabilitation for Tumor-Related Bowel Obstruction

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Pathologically/cytologically confirmed malignant tumor (including digestive system and gynecological origin tumors); or imaging data suggesting tumor space-occupying lesions combined with multiple metastatic foci;
2. Diagnosis of bowel obstruction (complete or incomplete) confirmed by medical history, symptoms, signs, and imaging (abdominal plain film/CT), and after MDT decision-making, no emergency surgery is required, short-term conservative treatment has potential for remission, and the expected interval from conservative treatment period to planned surgery is ≥7 days;
3. Age between 18 and 85 years;
4. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status score ≤2;
5. Expected survival ≥12 weeks;
6. Patients and their families have full understanding of disease progression and prognosis, accept conservative treatment, and are fully mentally prepared for the high incidence of severe surgical complications; they can understand and voluntarily sign the written informed consent form, which must be signed before performing study-specified procedures.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Presence of acute, life-threatening complications such as strangulated bowel obstruction, electrolyte disturbances, or sepsis;
2. Presence of intestinal necrosis, perforation, bleeding, or other conditions requiring immediate surgical treatment;
3. ASA grade >IV, severe cardiac insufficiency (preoperative LVEF <30% or NYHA grade IV), severe hepatic dysfunction (Child-Pugh grade C), and renal dysfunction (requiring CRRT);
4. History of cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, TIA, or presence of central nervous system disease, psychiatric disease, or bedridden status within 6 months before informed consent that precludes completion of multimodal intervention;
5. Long-term or high-dose use of immunosuppressants or glucocorticoids within 1 month before enrollment;
6. Presence of language communication barriers, unable to independently or with family assistance understand and complete intervention and assessment;
7. Patients currently participating in other drug or clinical interventional trials.