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Fasted Evening Exercise: Performance and Compensatory Eating

4 août 2021 mis à jour par: Tommy Slater, Nottingham Trent University

Effects of Extended Fasting Prior to Evening Exercise on Appetite, Energy Intake and Performance.

This study will compare the appetite, energy intake, and exercise performance responses to a bout of exercise completed in the evening after an extended period of fasting with a similar bout of exercise completed in the evening and the morning, after consuming a carbohydrate-containing meal.

Aperçu de l'étude

Statut

Complété

Les conditions

Intervention / Traitement

Description détaillée

Regular exercise is known to be a successful strategy for improving several facets of health and maintaining body weight. However, many people are not engaging in enough exercise, and some may not be achieving maximum benefits from the exercise that they already do. Performing exercise in the overnight fasted state has been shown to reduce energy intake over the course of a single day, without any compensatory reductions in free-living energy expenditure. Despite these promising findings, it is likely that not every member of the population is logistically able to perform exercise in the morning due to various work, family and social commitments, and exercise in the evening may be a logical alternative for these individuals. Whether the beneficial effects of overnight fasted exercise can be observed at an alternative time of the day (i.e. the evening) is unknown.

Therefore, the investigators are interested in examining the compensatory appetite and energy intake responses following a bout of evening exercise performed after an extended (7 hour) period of fasting. Exercise performance will also be assessed as a marker of voluntary energy expenditure, which if reduced, has the potential to compensate for the reduced energy balance induced by fasted exercise.

Type d'étude

Interventionnel

Inscription (Réel)

16

Phase

  • N'est pas applicable

Contacts et emplacements

Cette section fournit les coordonnées de ceux qui mènent l'étude et des informations sur le lieu où cette étude est menée.

Lieux d'étude

  • Royaume-Uni
      • Loughborough, Royaume-Uni, LE11 3TU
        • Loughborough University
      • Nottingham, Royaume-Uni, NG11 8NS
        • Nottingham Trent University

Critères de participation

Les chercheurs recherchent des personnes qui correspondent à une certaine description, appelée critères d'éligibilité. Certains exemples de ces critères sont l'état de santé général d'une personne ou des traitements antérieurs.

Critère d'éligibilité

Âges éligibles pour étudier

18 ans à 40 ans (Adulte)

Accepte les volontaires sains

Oui

Sexes éligibles pour l'étude

Tout

La description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Non-smokers.
  • Have maintained a stable weight for 6 months (self-reported).
  • No history of gastric, digestive, cardiovascular or renal disease (self-reported).
  • Female specific: must be using a monophasic, low dose combined OCP (containing less than 50μg oestradiol and a synthetic progestin) OR females with regular menstrual cycles (self-reported).

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Have an unusual eating pattern (i.e., extended fasting periods >8h other than overnight - self-reported).
  • Severe food allergies, dislike or intolerance of study foods or drinks.
  • Currently undergoing a lifestyle intervention (structured diet or exercise)
  • Diagnosis of a condition or currently undergoing treatment therapy known to affect glucose or lipid metabolism (e.g., type-2 diabetes, taking statins), or contraindications to exercise.
  • Use of medication or supplements that may affect hormone concentrations.
  • Excessive alcohol consumption (>14 units/week).
  • Intensive training schedule (>10 hours/week).
  • Having received a positive COVID-19 test in the 6-month period prior to participation.
  • Female specific: currently pregnant or breastfeeding, the use of any hormonal contraception, and the self-reporting of short (<24 d), long (>35 d), or irregular menstrual cycles.

Plan d'étude

Cette section fournit des détails sur le plan d'étude, y compris la façon dont l'étude est conçue et ce que l'étude mesure.

Comment l'étude est-elle conçue ?

Détails de conception

  • Objectif principal: Science basique
  • Répartition: Randomisé
  • Modèle interventionnel: Affectation croisée
  • Masquage: Aucun (étiquette ouverte)

Armes et Interventions

Groupe de participants / Bras
Intervention / Traitement
Expérimental: Fasted Evening Exercise
Exercise will take place in the evening, following a 7 hour period of fasting.
Comportemental: Fasted Evening Exercise
A 45 minute exercise session will take place on a stationary cycle ergometer at 18:30, after a 7-hour period of fasting. This will consist of 30 minutes of steady state cycling at 60% of VO2max, followed by an exercise test during which participants will complete as much work as they can within 15 minutes.
Comparateur actif: Fed Evening Exercise
Exercise will take place in the evening, after having consumed a carbohydrate-containing meal 2 hours prior.
Comportemental: Fed Evening Exercise
A 45 minute exercise session will take place on a stationary cycle ergometer at 18:30, after having consumed a carbohydrate-containing meal (20% estimated energy requirements) 2 hours prior. This will consist of 30 minutes of steady state cycling at 60% of VO2max, followed by an exercise test during which participants will complete as much work as they can within 15 minutes.
Comparateur actif: Fed Morning Exercise
Exercise will take place in the morning, after having consumed a carbohydrate-containing meal 2 hours prior.
Comportemental: Fed Morning Exercise
A 45 minute exercise session will take place on a stationary cycle ergometer at 10:30, after having consumed a carbohydrate-containing meal (20% estimated energy requirements) 2 hours prior. This will consist of 30 minutes of steady state cycling at 60% of VO2max, followed by an exercise test during which participants will complete as much work as they can within 15 minutes.

Que mesure l'étude ?

Principaux critères de jugement

Mesure des résultats
Description de la mesure
Délai
Voluntary energy intake (Kilocalories) at a laboratory-based test meal
Délai: 15 minutes following the end of the exercise session.
A laboratory-based meal consisting of pasta, tomato sauce and olive oil will be provided to participants in excess of expected consumption. Participants will be permitted 20 minutes to eat as much or as little as they desire, until 'comfortably full and satisfied'.
15 minutes following the end of the exercise session.
Exercise Performance (Voluntary Energy Expenditure)
Délai: Within the 15-minute performance test component of the exercise session.
Maximum energy expenditure (Kilojoules) that can be completed within 15 minutes on a stationary bicycle ergometer. The participant will be able to alter their power output by selecting up or down on the ergometer control unit as they please.
Within the 15-minute performance test component of the exercise session.

Mesures de résultats secondaires

Mesure des résultats
Description de la mesure
Délai
Visual Analogue Scale for Subjective Ratings of Appetite
Délai: Baseline, 2 hours, 3 hours, 3.5 hours, 5 hours, 7 hours, 8 hours, 10 hours, 11 hours, 12 hours, 14 hours, and 24 hours.
Time-course of subjective ratings of hunger between breakfast provision and one hour after consuming lunch, measured using an appetite visual analogue scale. The scale is divided into subscales of different appetite perceptions including: hunger, fullness, desire to eat and prospective food consumption. Each subscale is rated on a 100mm scale (i.e. from 0 - 100), with a rating of 100 fully supporting the perception and a rating of 0 fully opposing the perception.
Baseline, 2 hours, 3 hours, 3.5 hours, 5 hours, 7 hours, 8 hours, 10 hours, 11 hours, 12 hours, 14 hours, and 24 hours.
Substrate Utilisation During Steady State Exercise.
Délai: Within the 30-minute steady-state component of the exercise session.
Measurements of VO2 and VCO2 during a 30 minute steady state bout of cycling which precedes the 15-minute performance test.
Within the 30-minute steady-state component of the exercise session.
Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE).
Délai: Within the 45-minute exercise session.
RPE will be measured at 5-minute intervals throughout the 45-minute exercise period (30 min steady state; 15 min performance test) on a 6-20 RPE scale. The participant will point to the value that corresponds to their current perceived exertion (6 being no exertion at all; 20 being maximal exertion).
Within the 45-minute exercise session.
Enjoyment of the Exercise Bout
Délai: Immediately following the end of the exercise session.

A shortened version of The Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES) will be completed to gauge enjoyment of the exercise sessions. A scale from 1-7 will be used for eight feelings. The participant will circle the value that corresponds to which (6 being no exertion at all; 20 being maximal exertion).

The scale is divided into bipolar subscales of different feelings including: enjoyment, liking, pleasure, fun, pleasantness, interest, engagement and task absorption . Each subscale is rated on a 1-7 bipolar scale (i.e. from 1 - 7), with a rating of 1 fully supporting the feeling on the left-hand side of the subscale, and a rating of 7 fully supporting the feeling on the right-hand side of the subscale. For three subscales, a positive feeling is placed at 7, and for four subscales, a negative feeling is placed at 7 (reverse scored).
Immediately following the end of the exercise session.
Pre-exercise Subjective Feelings
Délai: Immediately before the exercise session.
A single questionnaire to assess pre-exercise subjective feelings will be measured using a visual analogue scale. The scale is divided into subscales of different feelings including: motivation, readiness, tiredness, nausea, and energetic. Each subscale is rated on a 100mm scale (i.e. from 0 - 100), with a rating of 100 fully supporting the perception and a rating of 0 fully opposing the perception.
Immediately before the exercise session.

Collaborateurs et enquêteurs

C'est ici que vous trouverez les personnes et les organisations impliquées dans cette étude.

Parrainer

Nottingham Trent University

Collaborateurs

Loughborough University

Publications et liens utiles

La personne responsable de la saisie des informations sur l'étude fournit volontairement ces publications. Il peut s'agir de tout ce qui concerne l'étude.

Publications générales

Dates d'enregistrement des études

Ces dates suivent la progression des dossiers d'étude et des soumissions de résultats sommaires à ClinicalTrials.gov. Les dossiers d'étude et les résultats rapportés sont examinés par la Bibliothèque nationale de médecine (NLM) pour s'assurer qu'ils répondent à des normes de contrôle de qualité spécifiques avant d'être publiés sur le site Web public.

Dates principales de l'étude

Début de l'étude (Réel)

8 février 2021

Achèvement primaire (Réel)

23 juin 2021

Achèvement de l'étude (Réel)

23 juin 2021

Dates d'inscription aux études

Première soumission

27 janvier 2021

Première soumission répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité

2 février 2021

Première publication (Réel)

8 février 2021

Mises à jour des dossiers d'étude

Dernière mise à jour publiée (Réel)

5 août 2021

Dernière mise à jour soumise répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité

4 août 2021

Dernière vérification

1 août 2021

Plus d'information

Termes liés à cette étude

Mots clés

Autres numéros d'identification d'étude

  • TS_FastEvEx_2021

Plan pour les données individuelles des participants (IPD)

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INDÉCIS

Informations sur les médicaments et les dispositifs, documents d'étude

Étudie un produit pharmaceutique réglementé par la FDA américaine

Non

Étudie un produit d'appareil réglementé par la FDA américaine

Non

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