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Enhancing Readability of Lay Abstracts and Summaries for Medical Knowledge Using Generative Artificial Intelligence (BRIDGE AI 3)

4 mai 2026 mis à jour par: Giovanni Cacciamani, University of Southern California

Enhancing Readability of Lay Abstracts and Summaries for Medical Knowledge Using Generative Artificial Intelligence: A Randomized Controlled Trial (BRIDGE AI 3)

This trial tests if AI can help make medical info clear and readable. Many patients struggle to find medical informations that easy to read and understand from verified medical sources. The study tests if an AI tool can assist health providers to craft clear text for patients more fast than what they do now. Health providers are split at random into two groups-one uses the AI tool and one does not. The trial tests how clear the text is, how correct it is, and how much time is saved. The aim is to see if AI can close the gap between complex research and what patients can grasp.

Aperçu de l'étude

Statut

Complété

Les conditions

Intervention / Traitement

Description détaillée

This study evaluates whether a generative artificial intelligence (AI) tool can improve the readability and accessibility of lay summaries derived from scientific medical abstracts. Many patients encounter difficulty understanding medical literature due to technical language and complexity, which can limit informed decision-making and engagement with healthcare information.

The BRIDGE-AI (Provider Perspective) initiative aims to address this gap by enabling healthcare professionals and researchers to generate patient-friendly summaries of scientific content using AI-assisted tools. The intervention leverages a generative AI framework (pub2people) designed to translate complex medical terminology into language that is understandable to a general audience.

In this randomized controlled study, participants with experience in scientific publishing will be assigned to either an AI-assisted group or a control group using conventional methods. Participants will be asked to transform scientific abstracts into layperson-friendly summaries. The study compares AI-assisted and manually generated outputs in terms of readability, accuracy, and efficiency.

The primary objective is to determine whether AI-assisted generation improves the readability of lay summaries compared to standard approaches. Secondary objectives include evaluating the accuracy of AI-generated summaries relative to source material and assessing potential time savings associated with AI use.

This study contributes to ongoing efforts to improve health communication by evaluating scalable tools that may enhance the translation of complex medical information into patient-accessible formats.

Type d'étude

Interventionnel

Inscription (Réel)

120

Phase

  • Phase 2

Contacts et emplacements

Cette section fournit les coordonnées de ceux qui mènent l'étude et des informations sur le lieu où cette étude est menée.

Lieux d'étude

  • États-Unis
    • California
      • Los Angeles, California, États-Unis, 91100
        • University of Southern California

Critères de participation

Les chercheurs recherchent des personnes qui correspondent à une certaine description, appelée critères d'éligibilité. Certains exemples de ces critères sont l'état de santé général d'une personne ou des traitements antérieurs.

Critère d'éligibilité

Âges éligibles pour étudier

  • Adulte
  • Adulte plus âgé

Accepte les volontaires sains

Oui

La description

Provider Participants

Inclusion:

  • Corresponding authors who have been published in the top 10 journals of urology and medicine
  • All genders
  • Any profession
  • 18+ years of age

Exclusion:

  • Anyone under the age of 18
  • Participants that have not published in the top 10 journals of urology and medicine

Plan d'étude

Cette section fournit des détails sur le plan d'étude, y compris la façon dont l'étude est conçue et ce que l'étude mesure.

Comment l'étude est-elle conçue ?

Détails de conception

  • Objectif principal: Recherche sur les services de santé
  • Répartition: Randomisé
  • Modèle interventionnel: Affectation parallèle
  • Masquage: Seul

Armes et Interventions

Groupe de participants / Bras
Intervention / Traitement
Aucune intervention: Gold Standard
Expérimental: Pub2Post
Autre: Pub2Post
Pub2Post, a generative artificial intelligence agent which helps in drafting the layperson abstracts and summaries

Que mesure l'étude ?

Principaux critères de jugement

Mesure des résultats
Description de la mesure
Délai
Readability Change
Délai: The assessment will be conducted immediately after the study closes, which will occur 4 weeks after enrollment.

Flesch Reading Ease Score

Description: Measures text readability based on sentence length and word syllables.

Scale: 0 to 100 Interpretation: Higher scores indicate easier readability (better outcome).
The assessment will be conducted immediately after the study closes, which will occur 4 weeks after enrollment.
Readability Change
Délai: The assessment will be conducted immediately after the study closes, which will occur 4 weeks after enrollment.
Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level Description: Estimates U.S. school grade level required to understand the text. Scale: Typically ranges from ~0 to 18+ Interpretation: Lower scores indicate easier readability (better outcome).
The assessment will be conducted immediately after the study closes, which will occur 4 weeks after enrollment.
Readability Change
Délai: The assessment will be conducted immediately after the study closes, which will occur 4 weeks after enrollment.

Gunning Fog Index Description: Estimates years of formal education needed to understand the text on first reading.

Scale: Typically 0 to 20+ Interpretation: Lower scores indicate easier readability (better outcome).
The assessment will be conducted immediately after the study closes, which will occur 4 weeks after enrollment.
Readability Change
Délai: The assessment will be conducted immediately after the study closes, which will occur 4 weeks after enrollment.
SMOG Index (Simple Measure of Gobbledygook) Description: Estimates years of education required to comprehend the text. Scale: Typically 0 to 20+ Interpretation: Lower scores indicate easier readability (better outcome).
The assessment will be conducted immediately after the study closes, which will occur 4 weeks after enrollment.
Readability Change
Délai: The assessment will be conducted immediately after the study closes, which will occur 4 weeks after enrollment.

Coleman-Liau Index Description: Readability formula based on characters per word and sentence length.

Scale: Typically 0 to 18+ (grade level equivalent) Interpretation: Lower scores indicate easier readability (better outcome).
The assessment will be conducted immediately after the study closes, which will occur 4 weeks after enrollment.
Readability Change
Délai: The assessment will be conducted immediately after the study closes, which will occur 4 weeks after enrollment.

Automated Readability Index (ARI) Description: Estimates grade level required for comprehension using characters and word counts.

Scale: Typically 0 to 14+ Interpretation: Lower scores indicate easier readability (better outcome).
The assessment will be conducted immediately after the study closes, which will occur 4 weeks after enrollment.

Mesures de résultats secondaires

Mesure des résultats
Description de la mesure
Délai
Time Saving
Délai: The assessment will be conducted immediately after the study closes, which will occur 4 weeks after enrollment.

To evaluate the time savings achieved by using generative AI compared to traditional methods for generating layperson abstracts and summaries. Time will be recorded in hours, minutes, and seconds. We will collect and compare the total time spent drafting the complete layperson abstract and summaries, as well as the time spent on each individual section - background, methods, results, conclusion, and short summaries. The comparison will be made between summaries created by humans alone versus those created with GAI assistance.

Time will be reported in minutes
The assessment will be conducted immediately after the study closes, which will occur 4 weeks after enrollment.
Correctness and meaning retention
Délai: The assessment will be conducted immediately after the study closes, which will occur 4 weeks after enrollment.

Accuracy Score of Layperson Abstract Sections Description: Degree to which each section (Background, Methods, Results, Conclusion, Short Summary) reflects key information from the original scientific abstract.

Scale: 5-point Likert scale (1 = very inaccurate, 5 = highly accurate) Assessment Method: Two independent reviewers score each section Interpretation: Higher scores indicate better accuracy (better outcome).
The assessment will be conducted immediately after the study closes, which will occur 4 weeks after enrollment.
Correctness and meaning retention
Délai: The assessment will be conducted immediately after the study closes, which will occur 4 weeks after enrollment.

Completeness Score of Layperson Abstract Sections Description: Extent to which essential information from the original abstract is included in each section.

Scale: 5-point Likert scale (1 = very incomplete, 5 = fully complete) Assessment Method: Two independent reviewers evaluate each section. Interpretation: Higher scores indicate greater completeness (better outcome).
The assessment will be conducted immediately after the study closes, which will occur 4 weeks after enrollment.
Correctness and meaning retention
Délai: The assessment will be conducted immediately after the study closes, which will occur 4 weeks after enrollment.

Clarity Score for Layperson Readability Description: Evaluates simplicity, avoidance of jargon, and coherence for lay audiences.

Scale: 5-point Likert scale (1 = very unclear, 5 = very clear and understandable) Assessment Method: Two independent reviewers evaluate each section. Interpretation: Higher scores indicate better clarity (better outcome).
The assessment will be conducted immediately after the study closes, which will occur 4 weeks after enrollment.
Correctness and meaning retention
Délai: The assessment will be conducted immediately after the study closes, which will occur 4 weeks after enrollment.

Section-Level Correctness Rate Description: Proportion of sections rated as "correct," defined as receiving scores ≥4 from both reviewers on accuracy, completeness, and clarity simultaneously.

Scale: 0 to 1 (proportion) or 0% to 100% Interpretation: Higher values indicate better overall section quality.
The assessment will be conducted immediately after the study closes, which will occur 4 weeks after enrollment.
Correctness and meaning retention
Délai: The assessment will be conducted immediately after the study closes, which will occur 4 weeks after enrollment.

Hallucination Rate Description: Frequency of false or misleading content in generated layperson abstracts, defined as information not supported by the original abstract.

Scale: Proportion of sections or documents containing hallucinations (0 to 1 or %) Assessment Method: Evaluated separately by reviewers using predefined criteria. Interpretation: Lower values indicate better performance (fewer hallucinations).
The assessment will be conducted immediately after the study closes, which will occur 4 weeks after enrollment.
Perceived Task Difficulty
Délai: The assessment will be conducted immediately after the study closes, which will occur 4 weeks after enrollment

Description: Participant-reported difficulty of completing the lay abstract summarization task.

Scale: 5-point Likert scale (1 = very easy, 5 = very difficult) (adjust anchors if different in your instrument) Assessment Timing: Immediately after task completion Interpretation: Lower scores indicate less perceived difficulty (better outcome)
The assessment will be conducted immediately after the study closes, which will occur 4 weeks after enrollment
Perceived Task Duration
Délai: The assessment will be conducted immediately after the study closes, which will occur 4 weeks after enrollment
Description: Participant perception of time required to complete the task. Scale: 5-point Likert scale (1 = very short, 5 = very long) Assessment Timing: Post-task Interpretation: Lower scores indicate shorter perceived duration (better outcome)
The assessment will be conducted immediately after the study closes, which will occur 4 weeks after enrollment
Perceived Helpfulness of the intervention
Délai: The assessment will be conducted immediately after the study closes, which will occur 4 weeks after enrollment

Description: Participant-reported usefulness of the generative AI tool in assisting lay abstract creation.

Scale: 5-point Likert scale (1 = not helpful at all, 5 = extremely helpful) Assessment Timing: Post-task Interpretation: Higher scores indicate greater perceived helpfulness (better outcome)
The assessment will be conducted immediately after the study closes, which will occur 4 weeks after enrollment
System Usability Scale (SUS) Score
Délai: Immediately after completing the system/task (post-use assessment)

Description: Standardized assessment of system usability using the System Usability Scale.

Scale: 0 to 100 Interpretation: Higher scores indicate better usability

  • 70: acceptable usability
  • 90: superior usability
Immediately after completing the system/task (post-use assessment)
Perceived Usefulness (Technology Acceptance Model)
Délai: Immediately after completing the system/task (post-use assessment)

Description: Degree to which participants believe the GAI tool enhances task performance.

Scale: Likert scale (typically 1-5 or 1-7; specify exact instrument version) Interpretation: Higher scores indicate greater perceived usefulness (better outcome)
Immediately after completing the system/task (post-use assessment)
Perceived Ease of Use (Technology Acceptance Model)
Délai: Immediately after completing the system/task (post-use assessment)
Description: Degree to which participants find the GAI tool easy to use. Scale: Likert scale (typically 1-5 or 1-7; must match instrument used) Interpretation: Higher scores indicate greater ease of use (better outcome)
Immediately after completing the system/task (post-use assessment)

Collaborateurs et enquêteurs

C'est ici que vous trouverez les personnes et les organisations impliquées dans cette étude.

Parrainer

University of Southern California

Dates d'enregistrement des études

Ces dates suivent la progression des dossiers d'étude et des soumissions de résultats sommaires à ClinicalTrials.gov. Les dossiers d'étude et les résultats rapportés sont examinés par la Bibliothèque nationale de médecine (NLM) pour s'assurer qu'ils répondent à des normes de contrôle de qualité spécifiques avant d'être publiés sur le site Web public.

Dates principales de l'étude

Début de l'étude (Réel)

16 janvier 2025

Achèvement primaire (Réel)

22 janvier 2025

Achèvement de l'étude (Réel)

27 février 2025

Dates d'inscription aux études

Première soumission

12 mars 2025

Première soumission répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité

30 avril 2026

Première publication (Réel)

5 mai 2026

Mises à jour des dossiers d'étude

Dernière mise à jour publiée (Réel)

6 mai 2026

Dernière mise à jour soumise répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité

4 mai 2026

Dernière vérification

1 mai 2026

Plus d'information

Termes liés à cette étude

Mots clés

Termes MeSH pertinents supplémentaires

Autres numéros d'identification d'étude

  • UP-24-01142

Plan pour les données individuelles des participants (IPD)

Prévoyez-vous de partager les données individuelles des participants (DPI) ?

OUI

Type d'informations de prise en charge du partage d'IPD

  • PROTOCOLE D'ÉTUDE
  • SÈVE

Informations sur les médicaments et les dispositifs, documents d'étude

Étudie un produit pharmaceutique réglementé par la FDA américaine

Non

Étudie un produit d'appareil réglementé par la FDA américaine

Non

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