ATI Evidence-based Guide Investigating Medical and Preventative Services

Musculoskeletal (MSK) and sports related injuries are highly prevalent across active and athletic populations and represent a substantial source of healthcare utilization, time loss from participation and a limitation in performance. Often these injuries vary from mechanism, acuity, and severity, ranging from acute traumatic events to chronic overuse conditions. Effective management of these sports-related injuries requires a coordinated effort aimed at helping athletes restore function, minimize the risk of re-injury and facilitating a safe return to sport. Sports Medicine rehabilitation is a widely recognized as a key component of nonoperative care, with evidence that supports the role of athletic trainers to support athletes in improving patient related outcomes, functional performance and return to sport timelines. However, variability does exist in how care is delivered across the sports medicine setting, providers and injury types which may influence both outcomes and resource utilization, underscoring the need to understand how value is achieved within sports medicine rehabilitation.

To address these priorities, investigators from ATI and the University of South Carolina are interested in evaluating how standard-of-care within sports medicine is delivered and how variation in care delivery mechanisms relates to clinical outcomes, value and service utilization. In this retrospective study, The investigators will conduct secondary analyses of existing standard-of-care documentation within ATI's sports medicine EMR, without altering clinical care or interacting with patients. Key variables of interest include: (1) injury and patient characteristics (ie. body region, surgical v. non-surgical status, acuity); (2) functional and performance outcomes (ie. patient reported outcomes, return to sport status); (3) utilization metrics (ie. number of visits, duration of care and frequency); (4) care delivery characteristics (ie. interventions, neuromuscular training, manual therapy and modality use); and delivery care (ie. in clinic, hybrid). By examining how the above variables interact, this study aims to better characterize rehabilitation of athletes receiving sports medicine services and identifying opportunities to optimize outcomes and value.

Investigators have previously used ATI clinical outcomes resources to characterize care patterns, evaluate outcomes and measurement properties, and explore predictors of utilization behaviors such as canceled visits. The present protocol extends this work by leveraging existing standard-of-care EMR documentation to evaluate patient characteristics, interventions delivered, utilization management patterns, and clinical and objective/functional outcomes in routine outpatient care, producing evidence to inform clinical effectiveness, quality improvement, implementation efforts, and policy-relevant value questions.