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Comparison of Box Breathing and Rhythmic Breathing Techniques in Patients With Asthma (BRAS)

17 luglio 2026 aggiornato da: Riphah International University

Comparative Effects of Box and Rhythmic Breathing Techniques on Dyspnea, Pulmonary Functions, and Quality of Sleep Among Asthmatic Patients

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that can cause breathing difficulties, reduced lung function, and poor sleep quality. Breathing exercises are increasingly used as non-pharmacological interventions to improve respiratory symptoms and overall well-being in individuals with asthma.

This study aims to compare the effects of two breathing techniques, Box Breathing and Rhythmic Breathing, on dyspnea (breathlessness), pulmonary function, and quality of sleep in patients with asthma. Participants with asthma will be randomly assigned to receive either Box Breathing or Rhythmic Breathing exercises in addition to standard care. Both interventions will be performed three times per week for eight weeks.

The primary outcomes of this study include changes in dyspnea severity, pulmonary function measured by spirometry, and sleep quality assessed using validated questionnaires. The findings of this study may help determine which breathing technique is more effective and provide evidence for incorporating structured breathing exercises into asthma management programs.

Panoramica dello studio

Stato

Non ancora reclutamento

Condizioni

Intervento / Trattamento

Descrizione dettagliata

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by recurrent episodes of dyspnea, airflow limitation, and impaired quality of life. In addition to respiratory symptoms, many individuals with asthma experience sleep disturbances and reduced functional capacity. Breathing exercises have emerged as important non-pharmacological interventions that may improve respiratory control, autonomic regulation, and symptom perception.

Box Breathing and Rhythmic Breathing are structured breathing techniques that have shown potential benefits in respiratory rehabilitation. Box Breathing involves a controlled breathing pattern consisting of equal durations of inhalation, breath holding, exhalation, and breath holding. Rhythmic Breathing involves continuous and controlled breathing with a prolonged expiratory phase to promote respiratory efficiency and relaxation. However, limited evidence exists regarding the comparative effectiveness of these techniques in individuals with asthma.

The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of Box Breathing and Rhythmic Breathing on dyspnea, pulmonary function, and sleep quality among patients with asthma. Participants will receive standardized baseline respiratory care followed by either Box Breathing or Rhythmic Breathing interventions for eight weeks. The interventions are designed to improve breathing patterns, reduce breathlessness, enhance pulmonary function, and improve sleep quality.

This study aims to provide evidence regarding the effectiveness of structured breathing techniques as adjunctive interventions in asthma management. The findings may contribute to the development of evidence-based respiratory rehabilitation protocols and support the integration of breathing exercises into comprehensive asthma care programs.

Tipo di studio

Interventistico

Iscrizione (Stimato)

36

Fase

  • Non applicabile

Contatti e Sedi

Questa sezione fornisce i recapiti di coloro che conducono lo studio e informazioni su dove viene condotto lo studio.

Contatto studio

Luoghi di studio

  • Pakistan
    • Punjab Province
      • Lahore, Punjab Province, Pakistan, 59300
        • Ittefaq Hospital and Ghurki Trust Hospital
        • Contatto:
        • Investigatore principale:
          • Ayesha Sehar, MS-CPPT

Criteri di partecipazione

I ricercatori cercano persone che corrispondano a una certa descrizione, chiamata criteri di ammissibilità. Alcuni esempi di questi criteri sono le condizioni generali di salute di una persona o trattamenti precedenti.

Criteri di ammissibilità

Età idonea allo studio

  • Adulto

Accetta volontari sani

No

Descrizione

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Male and female patients diagnosed with asthma.
  • Age between 18 and 40 years.
  • Patients with mild to moderate asthma who are clinically stable.
  • Patients able to understand and follow breathing exercise instructions.
  • Patients willing to provide informed consent and participate in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients with severe or uncontrolled asthma.
  • Patients with acute asthma exacerbation during the study period.
  • Patients with other significant respiratory diseases (e.g., chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis).
  • Patients with severe cardiovascular, neurological, or musculoskeletal disorders that may interfere with participation.
  • Patients who are pregnant.
  • Patients unable to perform the breathing interventions or complete study assessments.
  • Patients participating in another structured respiratory rehabilitation or breathing exercise program.

Piano di studio

Questa sezione fornisce i dettagli del piano di studio, compreso il modo in cui lo studio è progettato e ciò che lo studio sta misurando.

Come è strutturato lo studio?

Dettagli di progettazione

  • Scopo principale: Trattamento
  • Assegnazione: Randomizzato
  • Modello interventistico: Assegnazione parallela
  • Mascheramento: Nessuno (etichetta aperta)

Armi e interventi

Gruppo di partecipanti / Arm
Intervento / Trattamento
Sperimentale: Box Breathing Group A
Participants assigned to this arm received standardized baseline respiratory care followed by Box Breathing training. The Box Breathing technique consisted of inhaling for 4 seconds, holding the breath for 4 seconds, exhaling for 4 seconds, and holding the breath again for 4 seconds. The intervention was performed for 20 minutes per session, three sessions per week, for eight weeks. Short rest periods were provided as needed during the intervention.
Comportamentale: Box Breathing
Participants assigned to the Box Breathing intervention received a structured breathing exercise protocol following standardized baseline respiratory care. The Box Breathing technique consisted of inhalation for 4 seconds, breath holding for 4 seconds, exhalation for 4 seconds, and a second breath hold for 4 seconds (4-4-4-4 pattern). The intervention was administered for 20 minutes per session, three sessions per week, for eight weeks. Short rest periods were permitted after every 5-6 breathing cycles as needed. The intervention was performed in a quiet environment and aimed to improve respiratory control, reduce dyspnea, enhance ventilatory efficiency, and promote autonomic regulation.
Sperimentale: Rhythmic Breathing Group
Participants assigned to this arm received standardized baseline respiratory care followed by Rhythmic Breathing training. The Rhythmic Breathing technique consisted of a controlled breathing pattern using a 4:6 ratio, with inhalation through the nose for 4 seconds and exhalation through the mouth for 6 seconds. The intervention was performed for 20 minutes per session, three sessions per week, for eight weeks. Short rest periods were provided as needed during the intervention.
Comportamentale: Rhythmic Breathing
Participants assigned to the Rhythmic Breathing intervention received a structured breathing exercise protocol following standardized baseline respiratory care. The Rhythmic Breathing technique consisted of a controlled breathing pattern using a 4:6 ratio, with inhalation through the nose for 4 seconds and exhalation through the mouth for 6 seconds. The intervention was administered for 20 minutes per session, three sessions per week, for eight weeks. Short rest periods were provided every 6-7 minutes as needed. The intervention was designed to promote respiratory efficiency, improve autonomic balance, reduce dyspnea, and enhance pulmonary function and sleep quality.

Cosa sta misurando lo studio?

Misure di risultato primarie

Misura del risultato
Misura Descrizione
Lasso di tempo
Dyspnea Severity
Lasso di tempo: Baseline and 8 weeks (post-intervention)
Dyspnea severity will be assessed using the Modified Borg Scale, a numerical rating scale ranging from 0 to 10, where higher scores indicate greater perceived breathlessness.
Baseline and 8 weeks (post-intervention)

Misure di risultato secondarie

Misura del risultato
Misura Descrizione
Lasso di tempo
Pulmonary Function (Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second [FEV₁])
Lasso di tempo: Baseline and 8 weeks (post-intervention)
Pulmonary function will be assessed using spirometry. Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV₁) will be used to evaluate changes in lung function following the intervention.
Baseline and 8 weeks (post-intervention)
Sleep Quality
Lasso di tempo: Baseline and 8 weeks (post-intervention)
Sleep quality will be assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), a validated questionnaire measuring subjective sleep quality over the previous month. Lower scores indicate better sleep quality.
Baseline and 8 weeks (post-intervention)

Collaboratori e investigatori

Qui è dove troverai le persone e le organizzazioni coinvolte in questo studio.

Sponsor

Riphah International University

Investigatori

  • Investigatore principale: Humera Ayub, MS-CPPT, Riphah International University

Studiare le date dei record

Queste date tengono traccia dell'avanzamento della registrazione dello studio e dell'invio dei risultati di sintesi a ClinicalTrials.gov. I record degli studi e i risultati riportati vengono esaminati dalla National Library of Medicine (NLM) per assicurarsi che soddisfino specifici standard di controllo della qualità prima di essere pubblicati sul sito Web pubblico.

Studia le date principali

Inizio studio (Stimato)

1 luglio 2026

Completamento primario (Stimato)

10 dicembre 2026

Completamento dello studio (Stimato)

10 dicembre 2026

Date di iscrizione allo studio

Primo inviato

17 luglio 2026

Primo inviato che soddisfa i criteri di controllo qualità

17 luglio 2026

Primo Inserito (Effettivo)

21 luglio 2026

Aggiornamenti dei record di studio

Ultimo aggiornamento pubblicato (Effettivo)

21 luglio 2026

Ultimo aggiornamento inviato che soddisfa i criteri QC

17 luglio 2026

Ultimo verificato

1 luglio 2026

Maggiori informazioni

Termini relativi a questo studio

Parole chiave

Termini MeSH pertinenti aggiuntivi

Altri numeri di identificazione dello studio

  • REC/RCR & AHS/25/0315

Piano per i dati dei singoli partecipanti (IPD)

Hai intenzione di condividere i dati dei singoli partecipanti (IPD)?

NO

Descrizione del piano IPD

Individual participant data (IPD) collected during this study will not be made publicly available. The decision not to share IPD is based on the need to protect participant privacy and confidentiality, as the informed consent process did not include provisions for public data sharing. Only aggregate and de-identified study findings will be reported and published.

Informazioni su farmaci e dispositivi, documenti di studio

Studia un prodotto farmaceutico regolamentato dalla FDA degli Stati Uniti

No

Studia un dispositivo regolamentato dalla FDA degli Stati Uniti

No

Queste informazioni sono state recuperate direttamente dal sito web clinicaltrials.gov senza alcuna modifica. In caso di richieste di modifica, rimozione o aggiornamento dei dettagli dello studio, contattare register@clinicaltrials.gov. Non appena verrà implementata una modifica su clinicaltrials.gov, questa verrà aggiornata automaticamente anche sul nostro sito web .

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