Using Social Norms to Encourage People to Exercise More
調査の概要
状態
条件
詳細な説明
The investigators are interested in using social norms to motivate people to sign up for a 100-day exercise challenge and exploring how to make social norms messages more effective. Specifically, the primary purposes of this study are to test (a) whether social norms messages (i.e., information about how many people have signed up for the challenge) can increase signup rates and eventually lead people to exercise more and (b) whether such messages become more effective when they highlight different types of motivations (intrinsic vs. extrinsic motivations). Through a partnership with a university, the investigators are running a large-scale, randomized field controlled trial aimed at increasing sign-ups for the challenge and exercise frequencies during the challenge.
Benefits-eligible employees at the partner university are randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions and receive the corresponding version of email message encouraging them to sign up for the challenge.
(1) In the control group, the email does not mention the number of people who have signed up. (2) In the norm condition, the email mentions the number of people who have signed up. (3) In the norm and health motive condition, the email mentions the number of people who have signed up, and highlights that the challenge is designed to help people to stay fit in a fun way. (4) In the norm and reward motive condition, the email mentions the number of people who have signed up, and highlights that the challenge is designed to help people to stay active and earn rewards.
The investigators hypothesize that Groups 2, 3, and 4 will have a higher sign-up rate and higher exercise frequencies on average than Group 1, because positive social norms should motivate people to engage in the target, desirable behavior. Also, the investigators will compare sign-up rates and exercise frequencies between Groups 2, 3, and 4 to examine whether highlighting intrinsic and extrinsic motives can further increase sign-up rates and overall exercise frequencies than only giving social norms information.
All benefits-eligible employees at the partner university for whom the Human Resource (HR) office has an email address on record receive invitation emails from HR. The invitation emails that contain the interventions are sent out one week AFTER the registration period has started, because HR needs to know how many people sign up in the first week and use this information to create a social norms message. Employees who sign up for the challenge during the first week of the registration period (i.e., prior to the implementation of the interventions) cannot be affected by the interventions. Thus, the investigators decide in advance that these employees will be excluded from analysis.
Employees will receive two emails that are sent eight days apart from each other. Thus, the investigators plan to examine both the sign-up rates within one week after each email goes out and the overall sign-up rates throughout the 50-day registration period.
The investigators plan to explore moderators based on (a) employees' demographics (age, gender, ethnicity, position), (b) employees' participation in previous challenges, and (c) employees' health condition and fitness level prior to the challenge (such as how actively they have been participating in other wellness activities, their health statistics).
研究の種類
入学 (予想される)
段階
- 適用できない
連絡先と場所
研究場所
-
-
Missouri
-
St. Louis、Missouri、アメリカ、63108
- Hengchen Dai
-
-
参加基準
適格基準
就学可能な年齢
健康ボランティアの受け入れ
受講資格のある性別
説明
Inclusion Criteria:
- All benefits-eligible employees at partner university for whom the Human Resource office has an email address on record
Exclusion Criteria:
- Employees who sign up for the challenge prior to the implementation of the interventions will NOT be included in the analysis.
(The interventions are implemented one week after the registration period has started. The partner university has to send invitation emails to all benefits-eligible employees with an email address on record, including those who already signed up. However, employees who already signed up cannot be affected by the interventions and thus will be excluded from the analysis.)
研究計画
研究はどのように設計されていますか?
デザインの詳細
- 主な目的:支持療法
- 割り当て:ランダム化
- 介入モデル:並列代入
- マスキング:独身
武器と介入
参加者グループ / アーム |
介入・治療 |
---|---|
アクティブコンパレータ:Group 1: Control
People receive emails encouraging them to sign up for the challenge.
The email does not mention the number of people who have signed up.
|
Receive emails encouraging them to sign up
|
実験的:Group 2: Norm
People receive emails encouraging them to sign up for the challenge.
The email mentions the number of people who have signed up.
|
Receive emails encouraging them to sign up
Receive information about how many people have signed up
|
実験的:Group 3: Norm and health motive
People receive emails encouraging them to sign up for the challenge.
The email mentions the number of people who have signed up AND highlights that the challenge helps people to stay fit in a fun way.
|
Receive emails encouraging them to sign up
Receive information about how many people have signed up
Receive information about how the challenge helps people to stay fit in a fun way
|
実験的:Group 4: Norm and reward motive
People receive emails encouraging them to sign up for the challenge.
The email mentions the number of people who have signed up AND highlights that the challenge helps people to stay active and earn rewards.
|
Receive emails encouraging them to sign up
Receive information about how many people have signed up
Receive information about how the challenge helps people to stay active and earn rewards
|
この研究は何を測定していますか?
主要な結果の測定
結果測定 |
メジャーの説明 |
時間枠 |
---|---|---|
Percentage of people who sign up for the challenge
時間枠:During the registration period, 50 days
|
Whether or not each person signs up for the challenge during the registration period
|
During the registration period, 50 days
|
Activity level
時間枠:Through study completion, 100 days
|
Number of steps taken each day, as recorded in participants' online portal
|
Through study completion, 100 days
|
二次結果の測定
結果測定 |
メジャーの説明 |
時間枠 |
---|---|---|
Body Mass Index (BMI)
時間枠:Most recent BMI as entered by participant, an expected average of 2 months after study start
|
most recent BMI in pounds (weight) and inches (height) as entered by participant, an expected average of 2 months after study start.
Obtaining the data is dependent on the ability to obtain the data from the online portal.
|
Most recent BMI as entered by participant, an expected average of 2 months after study start
|
cholesterol
時間枠:Most recent cholesterol as entered by participant, an expected average of 2 months after study start
|
Most recent total, low, and high cholesterol levels in mg/dl as entered by participant, an expected average of 2 months after study start.
Obtaining the data is dependent on the ability to obtain the data from the online portal.
|
Most recent cholesterol as entered by participant, an expected average of 2 months after study start
|
blood pressure
時間枠:Most recent blood pressure as entered by participant, an expected average of 2 months after study start
|
Most recent systolic and diastolic levels in mmHg as entered by participant, an expected average of 2 months after study start.
Obtaining the data is dependent on the ability to obtain the data from the online portal.
|
Most recent blood pressure as entered by participant, an expected average of 2 months after study start
|
stress
時間枠:Most recent stress as entered by participant, an expected average of 2 months after study start
|
Most recent self-reported stress level on a 1-5 scale (with 1 indicating "Relaxed" and 5 indicating "Highly Stressed") as entered by participant, an expected average of 2 months after study start.
Obtaining the data is dependent on the ability to obtain the data from the online portal.
|
Most recent stress as entered by participant, an expected average of 2 months after study start
|
Email open and click rates
時間枠:Through study completion, 100 days
|
The rates at which people in each experimental condition read the invitation emails and click on links in the emails
|
Through study completion, 100 days
|
協力者と研究者
捜査官
- 主任研究者:Hengchen Dai, Ph.D、Washington University School of Medicine
研究記録日
主要日程の研究
研究開始
一次修了 (予想される)
研究の完了 (予想される)
試験登録日
最初に提出
QC基準を満たした最初の提出物
最初の投稿 (見積もり)
学習記録の更新
投稿された最後の更新 (見積もり)
QC基準を満たした最後の更新が送信されました
最終確認日
詳しくは
本研究に関する用語
その他の研究ID番号
- 201608038
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