Effects of Park Golf on Working Memory and Prefrontal Cortex Activation in Older Adults
2026年9月11日 更新者：Gwangju Health University
Does Park Golf Affect Working Memory?: An fNIRS-Based Randomized Controlled Trial in Community-Dwelling Older Adults
This study investigates whether a park golf program can improve working memory and prefrontal cortex activity in community-dwelling older adults.
A total of 36 older adults (aged 65-85) were randomly assigned to either a park golf group or a health education group.
The park golf group participated in a supervised park golf program (2 sessions per week for 4 weeks, 60 minutes per session), while the health education group attended lectures on healthy aging topics such as nutrition and fall prevention on the same schedule.
Before and after the intervention, participants completed cognitive and physical assessments, including the Korean Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-K), the Timed Up and Go test, and a spatial working memory task (N-back) performed while brain activity in the prefrontal cortex was measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), a non-invasive, radiation-free imaging method.
The findings may help establish evidence for community-based physical activity programs, such as park golf, as a strategy to support cognitive health in older adults.
調査の概要
研究の種類
介入
入学 (推定)
36
段階
- 適用できない
連絡先と場所
このセクションには、調査を実施する担当者の連絡先の詳細と、この調査が実施されている場所に関する情報が記載されています。
研究場所
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Gwangju
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Gwangju、Gwangju、韓国、61161
- Gwangju Health University, Buk-gu Campus, Smart Care Village
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参加基準
研究者は、適格基準と呼ばれる特定の説明に適合する人を探します。これらの基準のいくつかの例は、人の一般的な健康状態または以前の治療です。
適格基準
就学可能な年齢
- 高齢者
健康ボランティアの受け入れ
はい
説明
Inclusion Criteria:
- Community-dwelling older adults aged 65 to 85 years, living independently (excluding those residing in nursing facilities or hospitalized)
- Korean version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-K) score of 23 or higher (normal cognitive function range)
- Able to walk independently and possess the basic functional capacity required to participate in park golf
- No experience with park golf, or no regular participation in park golf within the past 6 months
- Voluntary written informed consent to participate in the study
Exclusion Criteria:
- History of severe neurological disease (e.g., Parkinson's disease, stroke, dementia) or psychiatric disease (e.g., major depressive disorder, schizophrenia)
- Scalp disease, skull abnormality, or history of craniotomy that could affect fNIRS measurement
- Currently taking medications affecting cognitive function (e.g., anticholinergics, antipsychotics)
- Regular participation in high-intensity exercise programs 3 or more times per week
- Physician-prescribed restriction on physical activity
- Severe visual or auditory impairment that would make assessment difficult, even with correction
- Left-handedness (excluded to control for hemispheric dominance in fNIRS measurement)
研究計画
このセクションでは、研究がどのように設計され、研究が何を測定しているかなど、研究計画の詳細を提供します。
研究はどのように設計されていますか？
デザインの詳細
- 主な目的：防止
- 割り当て：ランダム化
- 介入モデル：並列代入
- マスキング：独身
武器と介入
参加者グループ / アーム |
介入・治療 |
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実験的：Park Golf Group (PGG)
Participants attended supervised park golf sessions twice weekly for 4 weeks (8 sessions total, 60 minutes per session), including warm-up (10 min), park golf skills training and practice (40 min), and cool-down (10 min), held at a community park.
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A structured, supervised park golf program consisting of 8 sessions over 4 weeks (2 sessions/week, 60 minutes/session).
Each session included a 10-minute warm-up, 40 minutes of park golf technique instruction and practice, and a 10-minute cool-down, conducted at an outdoor community park under the supervision of trained instructors.
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アクティブコンパレータ：Health Education Group (HEG)
Participants attended health education lectures on senior health management, nutrition, fall prevention, and chronic disease management, twice weekly for 4 weeks (8 sessions total, 60 minutes per session).
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A structured health education program consisting of 8 sessions over 4 weeks (2 sessions per week, 60 minutes per session), covering topics such as senior health management, nutrition, fall prevention, and chronic disease management, conducted at a community facility.
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この研究は何を測定していますか？
主要な結果の測定
結果測定 |
メジャーの説明 |
時間枠 |
|---|---|---|
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Change in Prefrontal Cortex Activation (Beta-value of HbO Concentration)
時間枠：Change from baseline to 4 weeks (post-intervention)
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Change in oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) concentration in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), measured as a beta-value derived from general linear model (GLM) analysis during the spatial N-back task, using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).
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Change from baseline to 4 weeks (post-intervention)
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二次結果の測定
結果測定 |
メジャーの説明 |
時間枠 |
|---|---|---|
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Working Memory Performance (Spatial N-back Task)
時間枠：Change from baseline to 4 weeks (post-intervention)
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Reaction time and accuracy on the 2-back condition of a spatial N-back task, assessing spatial working memory.
Task administered using E-Prime 3.0 software with 1-back and 2-back conditions presented in alternating blocks.
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Change from baseline to 4 weeks (post-intervention)
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Dynamic Balance (Timed Up and Go Test)
時間枠：Change from baseline to 4 weeks (post-intervention)
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Time (in seconds) taken to rise from a chair, walk 3 meters, turn around, and return to sitting, assessing dynamic balance and functional mobility.
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Change from baseline to 4 weeks (post-intervention)
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Cognitive-Motor Dual-Task Performance (TUG with Naming Animals)
時間枠：Change from baseline to 4 weeks (post-intervention)
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Performance on the TUG test while simultaneously naming as many animals as possible, assessing integrated cognitive-motor function.
Measures include dual-task time, dual-task cost, number of animals named, and animals named per 10 seconds.
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Change from baseline to 4 weeks (post-intervention)
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Global Cognitive Function (Korean Montreal Cognitive Assessment)
時間枠：Change from baseline to 4 weeks (post-intervention)
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Overall cognitive function assessed using MoCA-K, covering visuospatial/executive function, naming, attention, language, abstraction, delayed recall, and orientation.
Total score range 0-30.
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Change from baseline to 4 weeks (post-intervention)
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協力者と研究者
ここでは、この調査に関係する人々や組織を見つけることができます。
捜査官
- 主任研究者：Eun-Sang Lee, PhD、Gwangju Health University
研究記録日
これらの日付は、ClinicalTrials.gov への研究記録と要約結果の提出の進捗状況を追跡します。研究記録と報告された結果は、国立医学図書館 (NLM) によって審査され、公開 Web サイトに掲載される前に、特定の品質管理基準を満たしていることが確認されます。
主要日程の研究
研究開始 (実際)
2026年9月10日
一次修了 (推定)
2026年10月15日
研究の完了 (推定)
2026年10月15日
試験登録日
最初に提出
2026年9月2日
QC基準を満たした最初の提出物
2026年9月2日
最初の投稿 (実際)
2026年9月8日
学習記録の更新
投稿された最後の更新 (実際)
2026年9月14日
QC基準を満たした最後の更新が送信されました
2026年9月11日
最終確認日
2026年9月1日
詳しくは
本研究に関する用語
個々の参加者データ (IPD) の計画
個々の参加者データ (IPD) を共有する予定はありますか?
いいえ
IPD プランの説明
Data will not be shared beyond this study, in accordance with the informed consent obtained from participants, which specified that collected data would be used solely for this study without secondary use or third-party disclosure.
医薬品およびデバイス情報、研究文書
米国FDA規制医薬品の研究
いいえ
米国FDA規制機器製品の研究
いいえ
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