Oxidized LDL and the metabolic syndrome
Paul Holvoet, Dieuwke De Keyzer, David R Jacobs Jr, Paul Holvoet, Dieuwke De Keyzer, David R Jacobs Jr
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome is a common and complex disorder combining obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension and insulin resistance. It is associated with a high cardiovascular risk that can only partially be explained by its components. There is evidence that low-grade inflammation and high oxidative stress add to this risk. Oxidized LDL, a marker of lipoprotein-associated oxidative stress, is an emerging cardiovascular risk factor. In this review, we demonstrate that the metabolic syndrome exacerbates oxidized LDL in a feedback loop. We introduce molecular mechanisms underlying this loop. Finally, we demonstrate that weight loss and statin treatment lower metabolic syndrome factors associated with a reduction of oxidized LDL. The current data warrant further investigation into the role of lifestyle and therapeutic interventions that inhibit tissue-associated oxidation of LDL in the prevention of the metabolic syndrome.
Figures
![Figure 1. Effects of weight loss in…](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/2631666/bin/nihms88118f1.jpg)
![Figure 2. Common effects of weight loss…](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/2631666/bin/nihms88118f2.jpg)
![Figure 3. Configuration of the 4E6 sandwich-type…](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/2631666/bin/nihms88118f3.jpg)
![Figure 4. Mechanisms of oxidation of LDL](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/2631666/bin/nihms88118f4.jpg)
![Figure 5. Prevalence of cardiovascular disease according…](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/2631666/bin/nihms88118f5.jpg)
![Figure 6. Elevated oxidized LDL is associated…](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/2631666/bin/nihms88118f6.jpg)
Source: PubMed