Myosin isoforms and contractile properties of single fibers of human Latissimus Dorsi muscle

Antonio Paoli, Quirico F Pacelli, Pasqua Cancellara, Luana Toniolo, Tatiana Moro, Marta Canato, Danilo Miotti, Carlo Reggiani, Antonio Paoli, Quirico F Pacelli, Pasqua Cancellara, Luana Toniolo, Tatiana Moro, Marta Canato, Danilo Miotti, Carlo Reggiani

Abstract

The aim of our study was to investigate fiber type distribution and contractile characteristics of Latissimus Dorsi muscle (LDM). Samples were collected from 18 young healthy subjects (9 males and 9 females) through percutaneous fine needle muscle biopsy. The results showed a predominance of fast myosin heavy chain isoforms (MyHC) with 42% of MyHC 2A and 25% of MyHC 2X, while MyHC 1 represented only 33%. The unbalance toward fast isoforms was even greater in males (71%) than in females (64%). Fiber type distribution partially reflected MyHC isoform distribution with 28% type 1/slow fibers and 5% hybrid 1/2A fibers, while fast fibers were divided into 30% type 2A, 31% type A/X, 4% type X, and 2% type 1/2X. Type 1/slow fibers were not only less abundant but also smaller in cross-sectional area than fast fibers. During maximal isometric contraction, type 1/slow fibers developed force and tension significantly lower than the two major groups of fast fibers. In conclusion, the predominance of fast fibers and their greater size and strength compared to slow fibers reveal that LDM is a muscle specialized mainly in phasic and powerful activity. Importantly, such specialization is more pronounced in males than in females.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Electrophoretic separation of MyHC isoforms in biopsy samples from LDM. Data are shown as mean and SEM. N = 9 for both males and females.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Cross-sectional area isometric force and isometric tension of the three more represented fiber types, classified on the basis of their MyHC (myosin heavy chain) isoform composition. Data are shown as mean and SEM. *P < 0.05; ***P < 0.0005.

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