Effects of high-intensity interval training on fatigue and quality of life in testicular cancer survivors

Scott C Adams, Darren S DeLorey, Margie H Davenport, Adrian S Fairey, Scott North, Kerry S Courneya, Scott C Adams, Darren S DeLorey, Margie H Davenport, Adrian S Fairey, Scott North, Kerry S Courneya

Abstract

Background: Testicular cancer survivors (TCS) are at increased risk of cancer-related fatigue (CRF), psychosocial impairment, and poor mental health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Here, we examine the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in TCS. Secondarily, we explore cardiorespiratory fitness as a mediator of intervention effects and select baseline characteristics as moderators of intervention effects.

Methods: TCS (n = 63) were randomly assigned to 12 weeks of supervised HIIT or usual care (UC). PROs included CRF, depression, anxiety, stress, self-esteem, sleep quality, and HRQoL assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and 3-month follow-up.

Results: TCS (median 7 years postdiagnosis) completed 99% of training sessions and achieved 98% of target training intensity. ANCOVA revealed that, compared to UC, HIIT significantly improved post-intervention CRF (p = 0.003), self-esteem (p = 0.029), and multiple HRQoL domains (ps ≤ 0.05). Effects on CRF (p = 0.031) and vitality (p = 0.015) persisted at 3-month follow-up. Cardiorespiratory fitness changes mediated CRF and HRQoL improvements. CRF effects were larger for TCS with an inactive lifestyle, lower fitness, higher testosterone, and clinical fatigue at baseline.

Conclusions: HIIT significantly improves CRF and HRQoL in TCS. Mediation by cardiorespiratory fitness and moderation by clinical characteristics suggests opportunities for targeted exercise interventions to optimise PROs in TCS.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Participant flow through the HIITTS trial. Dx diagnosis, CVD cardiovascular disease, HIIT high-intensity aerobic interval training, ECG electrocardiogram, PRO patient-reported outcome
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Effects of 12 weeks of HIIT on a) CRF and b) vitality at post-intervention and 3-month follow-up in TCS. HIIT high-intensity aerobic interval training, CRF cancer-related fatigue, TCS testicular cancer survivors, FACT-F functional assessment of cancer therapy fatigue scale, UC usual care, SF-36 short form 36. * Post-intervention and 3-month follow-up difference values were adjusted for baseline value of the outcome, age, treatment exposure, and time since treatment
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Moderator effects of baseline a) VO2peak and b) testosterone on CRF at post-intervention and baseline c) aerobic exercise and d) CRF on CRF at 3-month follow-up. VO2peak peak aerobic exercise capacity, CRF cancer-related fatigue, FACT-F functional assessment of cancer therapy fatigue scale, UC usual care, HIIT high-intensity aerobic interval training

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Source: PubMed

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