Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol versus particle number in middle school children
Michele Mietus-Snyder, Kimberly L Drews, James D Otvos, Steven M Willi, Gary D Foster, Russell Jago, John B Buse, HEALTHY Study Group, F R Kaufman, T Baranowski, L Adams, J Baranowski, A Canada, K T Carter, K W Cullen, M H Dobbins, R Jago, A Oceguera, A X Rodriguez, C Speich, L T Tatum, D Thompson, M A White, C G Williams, L Goldberg, D Cusimano, L DeBar, D Elliot, H M Grund, S McCormick, E Moe, J B Roullet, D Stadler, G Foster, J Brown, B Creighton, M Faith, E G Ford, H Glick, S Kumanyika, J Nachmani, L Rosen, S Sherman, S Solomon, A Virus, S Volpe, S Willi, D Cooper, S Bassin, S Bruecker, D Ford, P Galassetti, S Greenfield, J Hartstein, M Krause, N Opgrand, Y Rodriguez, M Schneider, J Harrell, A Anderson, T Blackshear, J Buse, J Caveness, A Gerstel, C Giles, W Hall, A Jessup, P Kennel, R McMurray, A-M Siega-Riz, M Smith, A Steckler, A Zeveloff, M D Marcus, M Carter, S Clayton, B Gillis, K Hindes, J Jakicic, R Meehan, R Noll, J Vanucci, E Venditti, R Treviño, A Garcia, D Hale, A Hernandez, I Hernandez, C Mobley, T Murray, J Stavinoha, K Surapiboonchai, Z Yin, K Hirst, K Drews, S Edelstein, L El ghormli, S Firrell, M Huang, P Kolinjivadi, S Mazzuto, T Pham, A Wheeler, B Linder, C Hunter, M Staten, S M Marcovina, Michele Mietus-Snyder, Kimberly L Drews, James D Otvos, Steven M Willi, Gary D Foster, Russell Jago, John B Buse, HEALTHY Study Group, F R Kaufman, T Baranowski, L Adams, J Baranowski, A Canada, K T Carter, K W Cullen, M H Dobbins, R Jago, A Oceguera, A X Rodriguez, C Speich, L T Tatum, D Thompson, M A White, C G Williams, L Goldberg, D Cusimano, L DeBar, D Elliot, H M Grund, S McCormick, E Moe, J B Roullet, D Stadler, G Foster, J Brown, B Creighton, M Faith, E G Ford, H Glick, S Kumanyika, J Nachmani, L Rosen, S Sherman, S Solomon, A Virus, S Volpe, S Willi, D Cooper, S Bassin, S Bruecker, D Ford, P Galassetti, S Greenfield, J Hartstein, M Krause, N Opgrand, Y Rodriguez, M Schneider, J Harrell, A Anderson, T Blackshear, J Buse, J Caveness, A Gerstel, C Giles, W Hall, A Jessup, P Kennel, R McMurray, A-M Siega-Riz, M Smith, A Steckler, A Zeveloff, M D Marcus, M Carter, S Clayton, B Gillis, K Hindes, J Jakicic, R Meehan, R Noll, J Vanucci, E Venditti, R Treviño, A Garcia, D Hale, A Hernandez, I Hernandez, C Mobley, T Murray, J Stavinoha, K Surapiboonchai, Z Yin, K Hirst, K Drews, S Edelstein, L El ghormli, S Firrell, M Huang, P Kolinjivadi, S Mazzuto, T Pham, A Wheeler, B Linder, C Hunter, M Staten, S M Marcovina
Abstract
Objectives: To characterize lipids and lipoproteins in a diverse school-based cohort and identify features associated with discordance between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and LDL particle (LDL-P).
Study design: Sixth-grade children enrolled in the HEALTHY trial (n = 2384; mean age 11.3 ± 0.6 years; 54.2% female) were evaluated for standard lipids, lipoprotein particles measured by nuclear magnetic resonance, and homeostatic model of insulin resistance. Characteristics of subgroups with values of LDL-C and LDL-P discordant by >20 percentile units, an amount reasoned to be clinically significant, were compared.
Results: Four-hundred twenty-eight (18%) of children were in the LDL-P < LDL-C subgroup and 375 (16%) in the LDL-P > LDL-C subgroup. Those with LDL-P > LDL-C had significantly greater body mass index, waist circumference, homeostatic model of insulin resistance, triglycerides, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and reflected a greater Hispanic ethnic composition but fewer of black race than both the concordant (LDL-P ≅ LDL-C) and opposite discordant (LDL-P < LDL-C) subgroups.
Conclusions: There is as much lipoprotein cholesterol compositional heterogeneity in sixth graders as has been described in adults and a discordant atherogenic phenotype of LDL-P > LDL-C, common in obesity, is often missed when only LDL-C is considered. Conversely, many children with moderate-risk cholesterol measures (75th to 99th percentile) have a lower LDL-P burden.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00458029.
Keywords: Apolipoprotein B; BMI; Body mass index; CVD; Cardiovascular disease; HDL-C; HDL-P; HOMA-IR; High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; High-density lipoprotein particle; Homeostatic model of insulin resistance; LDL; LDL-C; LDL-P; Low-density lipoprotein; Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; Low-density lipoprotein particle; NMR; Nuclear magnetic resonance; TC; TG; Total cholesterol; Triglycerides; VLDL; VLDL-P; Very-low-density lipoprotein; Very-low-density lipoprotein particle; apoB.
Conflict of interest statement
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Copyright © 2013 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Source: PubMed