Novel diagnostic model for the deficient and excess pulse qualities

Jaeuk U Kim, Young Ju Jeon, Young-Min Kim, Hae Jung Lee, Jong Yeol Kim, Jaeuk U Kim, Young Ju Jeon, Young-Min Kim, Hae Jung Lee, Jong Yeol Kim

Abstract

The deficient and excess pulse qualities (DEPs) are the two representatives of the deficiency and excess syndromes, respectively. Despite its importance in the objectification of pulse diagnosis, a reliable classification model for the DEPs has not been reported to date. In this work, we propose a classification method for the DEPs based on a clinical study. First, through factor analysis and Fisher's discriminant analysis, we show that all the pulse amplitudes obtained at various applied pressures at Chon, Gwan, and Cheok contribute on equal orders of magnitude in the determination of the DEPs. Then, we discuss that the pulse pressure or the average pulse amplitude is appropriate for describing the collective behaviors of the pulse amplitudes and a simple and reliable classification can be constructed from either quantity. Finally, we propose an enhanced classification model that combines the two complementary variables sequentially.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Illustration of forceful (excess) qualities versus forceless (deficient) qualities in the P-H plane.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Study design and the outcomes of OMDs' pulse diagnoses.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(a) Illustration of a pulse-taking operation by 3D MAC and (b) outline of the automated pulse-taking procedure by 3D MAC.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Outline of data manipulation from raw data (top panel) to feature extraction (bottom panel).
Figure 5
Figure 5
An example of pulse amplitude (H) versus applied pressure (P) at Chon, Gwan, and Cheok. To distinguish pulse amplitudes at different palpation positions, locational label was newly introduced to indicate that Hij is the pulse amplitude at ith (i = 1, 2, and 3) palpation position and at jth (j = 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5) pressure step.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Characteristics of subjects diagnosed with the DEPs stratified by gender; (a) for the entire sample size, (b) for male subjects, and (c) for female subjects. Data presented are the mean ± SD, and the P value from Student's two sample t-test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.005; N.S: nonsignificant. Abbreviated: “BPsystolic” = systolic blood pressure, “〈BP〉” = average blood pressure, “ΔBP” = BPsystolic − BPdiastolic, and “Himax ” stands for the maximum pulse amplitude at the ith palpation position whose unit was determined by the manufacturer (arb), and “〈Himax 〉” is the average of Himax over i = 1, 2, and 3.
Figure 7
Figure 7
A mixed-variable diagnostic method for the DEPs. (a) flowchart for the classification, and (b) classification regimes for the DEPs.

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Source: PubMed

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