Iranian version of Pelvic Girdle Questionnaire: Psychometric properties and cultural adaptation

Farzaneh Rashidi Fakari, Nourossadat Kariman, Giti Ozgoli, Marzieh Saei Ghare Naz, Vida Ghasemi, Fahimeh Rashidi Fakari, Abbas Ebadi, Farzaneh Rashidi Fakari, Nourossadat Kariman, Giti Ozgoli, Marzieh Saei Ghare Naz, Vida Ghasemi, Fahimeh Rashidi Fakari, Abbas Ebadi

Abstract

Background: The Pelvic Girdle Questionnaire (PGQ) is a tool designed to evaluate pain and disability in pregnant women with pelvic girdle pain (PGP). This study was conducted with the aim of translating and determining the psychometric properties of PGQ in pregnant women in Iran.

Materials and methods: The present methodological cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 pregnant women living in Tehran in 2017. The original English version of PGQ was translated into Persian version after the permission of the tool designer using the back-translation method. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) methods were used to determine the construct validity, as well as Cronbach's alpha and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) to determine the reliability of the questionnaire.

Results: The results of factor analysis showed that the study of this scale consists of two extracted subscales as activities and symptoms. EFA and CFA confirmed two factors that determined 70.22% variance. Furthermore, findings showed that high internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha = 0.961, for the total score of instrument and for the factors, ranged from 0.87 to 0.91. Cronbach's alpha symptoms and activities and total were 0.91, 0.87, and 0.87, respectively. ICC of symptoms and activities and total was 0.91 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.88-0.93), 0.81 (95% CI: 0.66-0.92), and 0.83 (95% CI: 0.68-0.93), respectively.

Conclusion: The Persian version of PGP, as a valid and reliable tool, has the potential for studying and evaluating the activity and symptoms of PGP in pregnant women in Iran.

Keywords: Pelvic girdle pain; psychometric; questionnaire.

Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Final structure of the Pelvic Girdle Questionnaire model

References

    1. Verstraete EH, Vanderstraeten G, Parewijck W. Pelvic girdle pain during or after pregnancy: A review of recent evidence and a clinical care path proposal. Facts Views Vis Obgyn. 2013;5:33–43.
    1. Rashidi Fakari F, Simbar M, Saei Ghare Naz M. The relationship between fear-avoidance beliefs and pain in pregnant women with pelvic girdle pain: A cross-sectional study. Int J Community Based Nurs Midwifery. 2018;6:305–13.
    1. Arafat SY. Validation study can be a separate study design. Int J Med Sci Public Health. 2016;5:2421–2.
    1. Bauchat J, Wong CA. Essentials of Pain Medicine. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elseiver; 2018. Pain management during pregnancy and lactation; pp. 339–44. e1.
    1. Fitzgerald CM, Santos LR, Mallinson T. The association between pelvic girdle pain and urinary incontinence among pregnant women in the second trimester. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2012;117:248–50.
    1. Vleeming A, Albert HB, Ostgaard HC, Sturesson B, Stuge B. European guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pelvic girdle pain. Eur Spine J. 2008;17:794–819.
    1. Elden H, Gutke A, Kjellby-Wendt G, Fagevik-Olsen M, Ostgaard HC. PhiPredictors and consequences of long-term pregnancy-related pelvic girdle pain: A longitudinal follow-up study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2016;17:276.
    1. Haakstad LA, Bø K. Effect of a regular exercise programme on pelvic girdle and low back pain in previously inactive pregnant women: A randomized controlled trial. J Rehabil Med. 2015;47:229–34.
    1. Haakstad LA, Telenius EW, Bo K. Exercise and pelvic girdle pain during pregnancy. Are there any associations? Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2013;3:520–7.
    1. Stones RW, Vits K. Pelvic girdle pain in pregnancy. Br Med J. 2005;331:249.
    1. Albert HB, Godskesen M, Korsholm L, Westergaard JG. Risk factors in developing pregnancy-related pelvic girdle pain. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2006;85:539–44.
    1. Elden H, Ostgaard HC, Fagevik-Olsen M, Ladfors L, Hagberg H. Treatments of pelvic girdle pain in pregnant women: Adverse effects of standard treatment, acupuncture and stabilising exercises on the pregnancy, mother, delivery and the fetus/neonate. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2008;8:34.
    1. Stuge B. Pelvic girdle pain: Examination, treatment, and the development and implementation of the European guidelines. J Assoc Chart Physiother Womens Health. 2012;111:5.
    1. Albert H, Godskesen M, Westergaard J. Prognosis in four syndromes of pregnancy-related pelvic pain. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2001;80:505–10.
    1. Ostgaard HC, Andersson GB, Karlsson K. Prevalence of back pain in pregnancy. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 1991;16:549–52.
    1. Stuge B, Garratt A, Krogstad Jenssen H, Grotle M. The pelvic girdle questionnaire: A condition-specific instrument for assessing activity limitations and symptoms in people with pelvic girdle pain. Phys Ther. 2011;91:1096–108.
    1. Rejano-Campo M, Ferrer-Peña R, Urraca-Gesto MA, Gallego-Izquierdo T, Pecos-Martín D, Stuge B, et al. Transcultural adaptation and psychometric validation of a spanish-language version of the “Pelvic girdle questionnaire ”. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2017;15:30.
    1. Girard MP, O'Shaughnessy J, Doucet C, Lardon E, Stuge B, Ruchat SM, et al. Validation of the french-canadian pelvic girdle questionnaire. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2018;41:234–41.
    1. Beaton DE, Bombardier C, Guillemin F, Ferraz MB. Guidelines for the process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2000;25:3186–91.
    1. Plichta SB, Kelvin EA, Munro BH. Munro‘s Statistical Methods for Health Care Research. 6th ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2013.
    1. Stuge B, Jenssen HK, Grotle M. The pelvic girdle questionnaire: Responsiveness and minimal important change in women with pregnancy-related pelvic girdle pain, low back pain, or both. Phys Ther. 2017;97:1103–13.
    1. Mens JM, Vleeming A, Snijders CJ, Koes BW, Stam HJ. Reliability and validity of the active straight leg raise test in posterior pelvic pain since pregnancy. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2001;26:1167–71.
    1. Vleeming A, de Vries HJ, Mens JM, van Wingerden JP. Possible role of the long dorsal sacroiliac ligament in women with peripartum pelvic pain. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2002;81:430–6.
    1. Frost MH, Reeve BB, Liepa AM, Stauffer JW, Hays RD Mayo/FDA Patient-Reported Outcomes Consensus Meeting Group. What is sufficient evidence for the reliability and validity of patient-reported outcome measures? Value Health. 2007;10(Suppl 2):S94–105.
    1. West SG, Finch JF, Curran PJ. Structural equation models with nonnormal variables: Problems and remedies. In: Hoyle RH, editor. Structural equation modeling: Concepts, issues, and applications. Thousand Oaks, CA, US: Sage Publications, Inc; 1995. pp. 56–75.
    1. Jaccard J, Wan CK. Approaches to Interaction Effects in Multiple Regression. Little Green Book: Sage; 1996.
    1. Meyers LS, Gamst G, Guarino AJ. Applied Multivariate Research: Design and Interpretation. 3rd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA, US: Sage Publications, Inc; 2016.

Source: PubMed

3
購読する