Working on Cognitive Functions in a Fully Digitalized Multisensory Interactive Room: A New Approach for Intervention in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Ilaria Basadonne, Melanie Cristofolini, Iris Mucchi, Francesco Recla, Arianna Bentenuto, Nadia Zanella, Ilaria Basadonne, Melanie Cristofolini, Iris Mucchi, Francesco Recla, Arianna Bentenuto, Nadia Zanella

Abstract

The feasibility of working on cognitive functions with children and adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) inside Multisensory Interactive Rooms (MIRs) has been poorly investigated, even if sensory atypicalities are common in ASD and usual intervention rooms could represent a challenging sensory setting for patients with ASD. We hypothesized that the possibility to calibrate the sensory stimulation offered by this type of environment, able to promote a positive emotional state in patients with ASD, can consequently favor the interaction with the therapist and the motivation towards activities targeting cognitive functions. High- and low-functioning children and low-functioning adolescents/adults underwent five sessions in a fully digitalized MIR, working on sustained attention, selective attention, association, single inhibition, receptive communication, verbalization, and turn. We developed specific protocols calibrated for sensory stimulation and difficulty level based on the characteristics of the participants. We found statistically significant improvements in all functions, except association, in the children's group. Therefore, a fully digitalized MIR seems suitable for intervention on cognitive functions in ASDs, but further investigations are needed to better address possible differences related to age and functioning level.

Keywords: autism spectrum disorders (ASD); cognitive functions; multisensory interactive rooms; patient–therapist interaction; sensory atypicalities.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(a) Interior of the Multisensory Interactive Room, sofa and one-way mirror; (b) Interior of the Multisensory Interactive Room, projectors.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a) Interior of the Multisensory Interactive Room, eight light beams projected on the floor. (b) Interior of the Multisensory Interactive Room, interactive area on the floor.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Mixed-effect ANOVA considering differences in performances between S1 and S5 and functioning level (HF vs. LF) in the children’s group.

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