The Features of Inflammation Factors Concentrations in Aqueous Humor of Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy

Jie Hu, Xuan Leng, Yijun Hu, Alp Atik, Xin Song, Zhixi Li, Yuhua Liu, Lin Lu, Jie Hu, Xuan Leng, Yijun Hu, Alp Atik, Xin Song, Zhixi Li, Yuhua Liu, Lin Lu

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the cytokine concentrations in the aqueous humor of patients with refractory polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV).

Methods: Three separate groups of patients were studied-refractory PCV (Group A, 41 eyes), stable PCV (Group B, 39 eyes) and senile cataract (Group C, 44 eyes). Aqueous humor samples were collected at two time points for Groups A and B-before the first intravitreal ranibizumab injection and before the last injection. Aqueous humor samples were collected prior to phacoemulsification in Group C. The cytokine concentrations of interleukin 2, 6, and 8 (IL-2, IL-6, and IL-8), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured by cytometric bead array and flow cytometry.

Results: Before the first treatment, the MCP-1, VEGF, and TNF-α levels in Group A were significantly higher than those in Group C (P < 0.05), and the MCP-1 and VEGF levels in Group A were significantly higher than those in Group B (P < 0.05). Significantly higher MCP-1 and VEGF levels were seen in Group B compared to Group C (P < 0.05). Before the final treatment, the MCP-1, VEGF, and TNF-α concentrations in Group A were significantly higher than those in Group B (P < 0.05) and Group C (P < 0.05). IL-2 levels were significantly lower in Group A compared to Group B (P < 0.05) and Group C (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: Inflammatory cytokines such as MCP-1, VEGF, and TNF-α may be associated with the pathogenesis of both stable and refractory PCV.

Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1. Aqueous humor concentrations of inflammatory…
Fig 1. Aqueous humor concentrations of inflammatory cytokines prior to initial treatment in the three study groups (mean, median, standard deviation (SD)).
Fig 2. Aqueous humor concentrations of inflammatory…
Fig 2. Aqueous humor concentrations of inflammatory cytokines prior to final treatment in the three study groups (mean, median, SD).

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