Sustained viremia suppression by SHIVSF162P3CN-recalled effector-memory CD8+ T cells after PD1-based vaccination
Yik Chun Wong, Wan Liu, Lok Yan Yim, Xin Li, Hui Wang, Ming Yue, Mengyue Niu, Lin Cheng, Lijun Ling, Yanhua Du, Samantha M Y Chen, Ka-Wai Cheung, Haibo Wang, Xian Tang, Jiansong Tang, Haoji Zhang, Youqiang Song, Lisa A Chakrabarti, Zhiwei Chen, Yik Chun Wong, Wan Liu, Lok Yan Yim, Xin Li, Hui Wang, Ming Yue, Mengyue Niu, Lin Cheng, Lijun Ling, Yanhua Du, Samantha M Y Chen, Ka-Wai Cheung, Haibo Wang, Xian Tang, Jiansong Tang, Haoji Zhang, Youqiang Song, Lisa A Chakrabarti, Zhiwei Chen
Abstract
HIV-1 functional cure requires sustained viral suppression without antiretroviral therapy. While effector-memory CD8+ T lymphocytes are essential for viremia control, few vaccines elicit such cellular immunity that could be potently recalled upon viral infection. Here, we investigated a program death-1 (PD1)-based vaccine by fusion of simian immunodeficiency virus capsid antigen to soluble PD1. Homologous vaccinations suppressed setpoint viremia to undetectable levels in vaccinated macaques following a high-dose intravenous challenge by the pathogenic SHIVSF162P3CN. Poly-functional effector-memory CD8+ T cells were not only induced after vaccination, but were also recalled upon viral challenge for viremia control as determined by CD8 depletion. Vaccine-induced effector memory CD8+ subsets displayed high cytotoxicity-related genes by single-cell analysis. Vaccinees with sustained viremia suppression for over two years responded to boost vaccination without viral rebound. These results demonstrated that PD1-based vaccine-induced effector-memory CD8+ T cells were recalled by AIDS virus infection, providing a potential immunotherapy for functional cure.
Conflict of interest statement
I have read the journal’s policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: Z.C. is a co-inventor on the PD1-based vaccine patent. However, ZC and all other authors do not have any competing interests or additional financial interests.
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References
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