Timed "Up & Go" test in children and adolescents

Renata D'Agostini Nicolini-Panisson, Márcio Vinícius F Donadio, Renata D'Agostini Nicolini-Panisson, Márcio Vinícius F Donadio

Abstract

OBJECTIVE To evaluate, by a literature review, the Timed "Up & Go" (TUG) test use and its main methodological aspects in children and adolescents. DATA SOURCES The searches were performed in the following databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, SciELO and Cochrane Library, from April to July 2012. Studies published from 1990 to 2012 using the terms in Portuguese and English "Timed "Up & Go", "test", "balance", "child", and "adolescent" were selected. The results were divided into categories: general characteristics of the studies, population, test implementation METHODS, interpretation of results and associations with other measurements. DATA SYNTHESIS 27 studies were analyzed in this review and most of them used the TUG test along with other outcome measures to assess functional mobility or balance. Three studies evaluated the TUG test in significant samples of children and adolescents with typical development, and the most studied specific diagnoses were cerebral palsy and traumatic brain injury. The absence of methodological standardization was noted, but one study proposed adaptations to the pediatric population. In children and adolescents with specific clinical diagnoses, the coefficient of within-session reliability was found to be high in most studies, as well as the intra and inter-examiner reliability, which characterizes the good reproducibility of the test. CONCLUSIONS The TUG test was shown to be a good tool to assess functional mobility in the pediatric population, presenting a good reproducibility and correlation with other assessment tools.

Conflict of interest statement

Conflito de interesse: nada a declarar

References

    1. Podsiadlo D, Richardson S. The timed "Up & Go": a test of basic functional mobility for frail elderly persons. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1991;39:142–148.
    1. Mathias S, Nayak US, Isaacs B. Balance in elderly patients: the "get-up and go" test. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1986;67:387–389.
    1. Pondal M, del Ser T. Normative data and determinants for the timed "up and go" test in a population-based sample of elderly individuals without gait disturbances. J Geriatr Phys Ther. 2008;31:57–63.
    1. Bohannon RW. Reference values for the timed up and go test: a descriptive meta-analysis. J Geriatr Phys Ther. 2006;29:64–68.
    1. Creel GL, Light KE, Thigpen MT. Concurrent and construct validity of scores on the Timed Movement Battery. Phys Ther. 2001;81:789–798.
    1. Giné-Garriga M, Guerra M, Marí-Dell'Olmo M, Martin C, Unnithan VB. Sensitivity of a modified version of the 'timed get up and go' test to predict fall risk in the elderly: a pilot study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2009;49:e60–e66.
    1. Shumway-Cook A, Brauer S, Woollacott M. Predicting the probability for falls in community-dwelling older adults using the Timed Up & Go Test. Phys Ther. 2000;80:896–903.
    1. Steffen TM, Hacker TA, Mollinger L. Age- and gender-related test performance in community-dwelling elderly people: Six-Minute Walk Test, Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up & Go Test, and gait speeds. Phys Ther. 2002;82:128–137.
    1. Andersson C, Grooten W, Hellsten M, Kaping K, Mattsson E. Adults with cerebral palsy: walking ability after progressive strength training. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2003;45:220–228.
    1. Morris S, Morris ME, Iansek R. Reliability of measurements obtained with the Timed "Up & Go" test in people with Parkinson disease. Phys Ther. 2001;81:810–818.
    1. Flansbjer UB, Holmbäck AM, Downham D, Patten C, Lexell J. Reliability of gait performance tests in men and women with hemiparesis after stroke. J Rehabil Med. 2005;37:75–82.
    1. Ng SS, Hui-Chan CW. The timed up & go test: its reliability and association with lower-limb impairments and locomotor capacities in people with chronic stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005;86:1641–1647.
    1. Faria CD, Teixeira-Salmela LF, Nadeau S. Effects of the direction of turning on the timed up & go test with stroke subjects. Top Stroke Rehabil. 2009;16:196–206.
    1. Carmeli E, Kessel S, Coleman R, Ayalon M. Effects of a treadmill walking program on muscle strength and balance in elderly people with Down syndrome. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2002;57:M106–M110.
    1. Gan SM, Tung LC, Tang YH, Wang CH. Psychometric properties of functional balance assessment in children with cerebral palsy. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2008;22:745–753.
    1. Katz-Leurer M, Rotem H, Lewitus H, Keren O, Meyer S. Functional balance tests for children with traumatic brain injury: within-session reliability. Pediatr Phys Ther. 2008;20:254–258.
    1. Williams EN, Carroll SG, Reddihough DS, Phillips BA, Galea MP. Investigation of the timed 'up & go' test in children. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2005;47:518–524.
    1. Calley A, Williams S, Reid S, Blair E, Valentine J, Girdler S. A comparison of activity, participation and quality of life in children with and without spastic diplegia cerebral palsy. Disabil Rehabil. 2012;34:1306–1310.
    1. Gocha Marchese V, Chiarello LA, Lange BJ. Strength and functional mobility in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Med Pediatr Oncol. 2003;40:230–232.
    1. Habib Z, Westcott S, Valvano J. Assessment of balance abilities in Pakistani children: a cultural perspective. Pediatric Physical Therapy. 1999;11:73–82.
    1. Held SL, Kott KM, Young BL. Standardized walking obstacle course (SWOC): reliability and validity of a new functional measurement tool for children. Pediatr Phys Ther. 2006;18:23–30.
    1. Katz-Leurer M, Rotem H, Keren O, Meyer S. Balance abilities and gait characteristics in post-traumatic brain injury, cerebral palsy and typically developed children. Dev Neurorehabil. 2009;12:100–105.
    1. Katz-Leurer M, Rotem H, Keren O, Meyer S. Recreational physical activities among children with a history of severe traumatic brain injury. Brain Inj. 2010;24:1561–1567.
    1. Katz-Leurer M, Rotem H, Lewitus H, Keren O, Meyer S. Relationship between balance abilities and gait characteristics in children with post-traumatic brain injury. Brain Inj. 2008;22:153–159.
    1. Marchese VG, Ogle S, Womer RB, Dormans J, Ginsberg JP. An examination of outcome measures to assess functional mobility in childhood survivors of osteosarcoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2004;42:41–45.
    1. Marchese VG, Spearing E, Callaway L, Rai SN, Zhang L, Hinds PS, et al. Relationships among range of motion, functional mobility, and quality of life in children and adolescents after limb-sparing surgery for lower-extremity sarcoma. Pediatr Phys Ther. 2006;18:238–244.
    1. Pierce S, Fergus A, Brady B, Wolff-Burke M. Examination of the functional mobility assessment tool for children and adolescents with lower extremity amputations. Pediatr Phys Ther. 2011;23:171–177.
    1. Villamonte R, Vehrs PR, Feland JB, Johnson AW, Seeley MK, Eggett D. Reliability of 16 balance tests in individuals with Down syndrome. Percept Mot Skills. 2010;111:530–542.
    1. Zaino CA, Marchese VG, Westcott SL. Timed up and down stairs test: preliminary reliability and validity of a new measure of functional mobility. Pediatr Phys Ther. 2004;16:90–98.
    1. Habib Z, Westcott S. Assessment of anthropometric factors on balance tests in children. Pediatr Phys Ther. 1998;10:101–109.
    1. Marchese VG, Oriel KN, Fry JA, Kovacs JL, Weaver RL, Reily MM, et al. Development of reference values for the Functional Mobility Assessment. Pediatr Phys Ther. 2012;24:224–230.
    1. Cheng HY, Ju YY, Chen CL, Wong MK. Managing spastic hypertonia in children with cerebral palsy via repetitive passive knee movements. J Rehabil Med. 2012;44:235–240.
    1. De Campos AC, da Costa CS, Rocha NA. Measuring changes in functional mobility in children with mild cerebral palsy. Dev Neurorehabil. 2011;14:140–144.
    1. Del Valle MF, Pérez M, Santana-Sosa E, Fiuza-Luces C, Bustamante-Ara N, Gallardo C, et al. Does resistance training improve the functional capacity and well being of very young anorexic patients? A randomized controlled trial. J Adolesc Health. 2010;46:352–358.
    1. Fritz SL, Rivers ED, Merlo AM, Reed AD, Mathern GD, De Bode S. Intensive mobility training postcerebral hemispherectomy: early surgery shows best functional improvements. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2011;47:569–577.
    1. Katz-Leurer M, Rotem H, Keren O, Meyer S. The effects of a 'home-based' task-oriented exercise programme on motor and balance performance in children with spastic cerebral palsy and severe traumatic brain injury. Clin Rehabil. 2009;23:714–724.
    1. McNee AE, Gough M, Morrissey MC, Shortland AP. Increases in muscle volume after plantarflexor strength training in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2009;51:429–435.
    1. Salem Y, Godwin EM. Effects of task-oriented training on mobility function in children with cerebral palsy. NeuroRehabilitation. 2009;24:307–313.
    1. San Juan AF, Fleck SJ, Chamorro-Viña C, Maté-Muñoz JL, Moral S, García-Castro J, et al. Early-phase adaptations to intrahospital training in strength and functional mobility of children with leukemia. J Strength Cond Res. 2007;21:173–177.
    1. Wu YN, Hwang M, Ren Y, Gaebler-Spira D, Zhang LQ. Combined passive stretching and active movement rehabilitation of lower-limb impairments in children with cerebral palsy using a portable robot. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2011;25:378–385.
    1. Santana Sosa E, Groeneveld IF, Gonzalez-Saiz L, López-Mojares LM, Villa-Asensi JR, Barrio Gonzalez MI, et al. Intrahospital weight and aerobic training in children with cystic fibrosis: a randomized controlled trial. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2012;44:2–11.
    1. Organização Mundial da Saúde . Direcção-geral da Saúde.CIF: Classificação in ternacional de funcionalidade, incapacidade e saúde. São Paulo: Edusp; 2003.
    1. Palisano RJ, Kolobe TH, Haley SM, Lowes LP, Jones SL. Validity of the Peabody develop mental gross motor scale as an evaluative measure of infants receiving physical therapy. Phys Ther. 1995;75:939–948.
    1. Bergmann JH, Alexiou C, Smith IC. Procedural differences directly affect timed up and go times. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2009;57:2168–2169.

Source: PubMed

スポンサーと協力者

医学的状態

薬物療法

3
購読する