Eosinophils and tissue remodeling: Relevance to airway disease
Salman Siddiqui, Claus Bachert, Leif Bjermer, Kathleen M Buchheit, Mario Castro, Yimin Qin, Hitasha Rupani, Hironori Sagara, Peter Howarth, Camille Taillé, Salman Siddiqui, Claus Bachert, Leif Bjermer, Kathleen M Buchheit, Mario Castro, Yimin Qin, Hitasha Rupani, Hironori Sagara, Peter Howarth, Camille Taillé
Abstract
The ability of human tissue to reorganize and restore its existing structure underlies tissue homeostasis in the healthy airways, but in disease can persist without normal resolution, leading to an altered airway structure. Eosinophils play a cardinal role in airway remodeling both in health and disease, driving epithelial homeostasis and extracellular matrix turnover. Physiological consequences associated with eosinophil-driven remodeling include impaired lung function and reduced bronchodilator reversibility in asthma, and obstructed airflow in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Given the contribution of airway remodeling to the development and persistence of symptoms in airways disease, targeting remodeling is an important therapeutic consideration. Indeed, there is early evidence that eosinophil attenuation may reduce remodeling and disease progression in asthma. This review provides an overview of tissue remodeling in both health and airway disease with a particular focus on eosinophilic asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, as well as the role of eosinophils in these processes and the implications for therapeutic interventions. Areas for future research are also noted, to help improve our understanding of the homeostatic and pathological roles of eosinophils in tissue remodeling, which should aid the development of targeted and effective treatments for eosinophilic diseases of the airways.
Keywords: Airway remodeling; asthma; chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps; eosinophil.
Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Source: PubMed