Video capture virtual reality as a flexible and effective rehabilitation tool

Patrice L Weiss, Debbie Rand, Noomi Katz, Rachel Kizony, Patrice L Weiss, Debbie Rand, Noomi Katz, Rachel Kizony

Abstract

Video capture virtual reality (VR) uses a video camera and software to track movement in a single plane without the need to place markers on specific bodily locations. The user's image is thereby embedded within a simulated environment such that it is possible to interact with animated graphics in a completely natural manner. Although this technology first became available more than 25 years ago, it is only within the past five years that it has been applied in rehabilitation. The objective of this article is to describe the way this technology works, to review its assets relative to other VR platforms, and to provide an overview of some of the major studies that have evaluated the use of video capture technologies for rehabilitation.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Individual with a stroke performing within the Soccer environment using the VividGroup GX system.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Individual with a stroke performing the Wishy Washy application using the Sony EyeToy system.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Screen shots of the VMall showing clients with stroke selecting a shopping aisle (left panel), a food item (middle panel) and verifying the contents of the shopping cart (right panel).

References

    1. American Occupational Therapy Association Occupational therapy practice framework: domain and process. Am J Occup Ther. 2002;56:609–639.
    1. World Health Organization . International classification of functioning disability and health (ICF) Geneva: World Health Organization; 2001.
    1. Trombly CA. Occupation: purposefulness and meaningfulness as therapeutic mechanisms – 1995 Eleanor Clark Slagle Lecture. Am J Occup Ther. 1995;49:960–972.
    1. Katz N. Cognition and occupation across the life span: models for intervention in occupational therapy. Bethesda MD: American Occupational Therapy Association; in press.
    1. Schultheis MT, Rizzo AA. The application of virtual reality technology for rehabilitation. Rehabilitation Psychology. 2001;46:296–311. doi: 10.1037//0090-5550.46.3.296.
    1. Sheridan TB. Musings on telepresence and virtual presence. Presence. 1992;1:120–125.
    1. Rizzo AA, Buckwalter JG, Neumann U. Virtual reality and cognitive rehabilitation: a brief review of the future. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 1997;12:1–15.
    1. Weiss PL, Jessel AS. Virtual reality applications to work. WORK: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment and Rehabilitation. 1998;11:277–293.
    1. Slater M. Measuring presence: A response to the Witmer and Singer Questionnaire. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments. 1999;8:560–566. doi: 10.1162/105474699566477.
    1. Nash EB, Edwards GW, Thompson JA, Barfield W. A review of presence and performance in virtual environments. J Human-Comp Interact. 2000;12:1–41. doi: 10.1207/S15327590IJHC1201_1.
    1. Rizzo AA, Kim GJ. A SWOT analysis of the field of VR rehabilitation and therapy. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments. in press.
    1. Rizzo AA, Schultheis MT, Kerns K, Mateer C. Analysis of assets for virtual reality in neuropsychology. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation. 14:207–239. doi: 10.1080/09602010343000183.
    1. Pugnetti L, Mendozzi L, Attree EA, Barbieri E, Brooks BM, Cazzullo CL, Motta A, Rose FD. Probing memory and executive functions with virtual reality: past and present studies. Cyberpsychol Behav. 1998;1:151–162.
    1. Rizzo AA, Buckwalter JG, Bowerly T, van der Zaag C, Humphrey L, Neumann U, Chua C, Kyriakakis C, van Rooyen A, Sisemore D. The virtual classroom: a virtual environment for the assessment and rehabilitation of attention deficits. Cyberpsychol Behav. 2000;3:483–500. doi: 10.1089/10949310050078940.
    1. Rizzo AA, Bowerly T, Buckwalter JG, Schultheis MT, Matheis R, Shahabi C, Neumann U, Kim L, Sharifzadeh M. Virtual environment for the assessment of attention and memory processes: the virtual classroom and office. Proceeding of the 4th International Conference on Disability, Virtual Reality and Associated Technology: University of Reading: Vresprem, Hungary. 2002. pp. 3–11.
    1. Piron L, Cenni F, Tonin P, Dam M. Virtual reality as an assessment tool for arm motor deficits after brain lesions. Studies Health Technology Information. 2001;81:386–392.
    1. Broeren J, Bjorkdahl A, Pascher R, Rydmark M. Virtual reality and haptics as an assessment devise in the postacute phase after stroke. Cyberpsychol Behav. 2002;5:207–211. doi: 10.1089/109493102760147196.
    1. Jack D, Boian R, Merians A, Tremaine M, Burdea GC, Adamovich SV, Recce M, Poizner H. Virtual reality-enhanced stroke rehabilitation. IEEE Transactions of Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering. 2001;9:308–318. doi: 10.1109/7333.948460.
    1. Merians A, Jack D, Boian R, Tremaine M, Burdea GC, Adamovich SV, Recce M, Poizner H. Virtual reality-augmented rehabilitation for patients following stroke. Phys Ther. 2002;82:898–915.
    1. Zhang L, Abreu BC, Masel B, Scheibel RS, Christiansen CH, Huddleston N, Ottenbacher KJ. Virtual reality in the assessment of selected cognitive function after brain injury. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2001;80:597–604. doi: 10.1097/00002060-200108000-00010.
    1. Weiss PL, Naveh Y, Katz N. Design and testing of a virtual environment to train CVA patients with unilateral spatial neglect to cross a street safely. Occup Ther Int. 2003;10:39–55. doi: 10.1002/oti.176.
    1. Katz N, Ring H, Naveh Y, Kizony R, Feintuch U, Weiss PL. Interactive virtual environment training for safe street crossing of right hemisphere stroke patients with unilateral spatial neglect. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Disability, Virtual Reality and Associated technologies: Oxford, UK. 2004.
    1. McComas J, MacKay M, Pivik J. Effectiveness of virtual reality for teaching pedestrian safety. Cyberpsychol Behav. 2002;3:185–190. doi: 10.1089/109493102760147150.
    1. McFadyen BJ, Malouin F, Fung J, Comeau F, Chapdelaine S, Beaudoin C, Lamontagne A, Laurendeau D, Richards C. Development of complex virtual environments for locomotor training following stroke. Proceedings of the 15th Congress of the International Society of Electrophysiology and Kinesiology, Boston. June 18–21, 2004.
    1. Kizony R, Katz N, Weiss PL. A model of VR-based intervention in rehabilitation: relationship between motor and cognitive abilities and performance within virtual environments for patients with stroke. Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Disability, Virtual Reality and Associated Technologies, Oxford, UK. 2004.
    1. Weiss PL, Kizony K, Feintuch U, Katz N. Virtual Reality in Neurorehabilitation. In: Selzer ME, Cohen L, Gage FH, Clarke S, Duncan PW, editor. Textbook of Neural Repair and Neurorehabilitation. Cambridge University Press; in press.
    1. Hoffman HG, Prothero J, Wells M, Groen J. Virtual chess: the role of meaning in the sensation of presence. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction. 1998;10:251–263. doi: 10.1207/s15327590ijhc1003_3.
    1. Rand D, Kizony R, Feintuch U, Katz N, Josman N, Rizzo AA, Weiss PL. Comparison of two VR platforms for rehabilitation: video capture versus HMD. Presence, Teleoperators and Virtual Environments. in press.
    1. Krueger MW. Artificial Reality II. Reading: Addison-Wesley; 1991.
    1. Warren J. Unencumbered full body interaction in video games. Master's thesis. Sept. 5, 2004.
    1. Kushner D. Computing gets physical. Technology Review. 2004;July/August:57–61.
    1. Cunningham D, Krishack M. Virtual reality: a wholistic approach to rehabilitation. Stud Health Technol Inform. 1999;62:90–3.
    1. Kizony R, Katz N, Weiss PL. Adapting an immersive virtual reality system for rehabilitation. Journal of Visualization and Computer Animation. 2003;14:261–268. doi: 10.1002/vis.323.
    1. Kizony R, Raz L, Katz N, Weingarden H, Weiss PL. Proceedings of the 2nd Internationnal Workshop o Virtual Rehabilitation. Rutgers University: New Jersey, USA; 2003. Using a video projected VR system for patients with spinal cord injury.
    1. Sveistrup H, McComas J, Thornton M, Marshal S, Finestone H, McCormick A, Babulic K, Mayhew A. Experimental studies of virtual reality-delivered compared to conventional exercise programs for rehabilitation. Cyberpsychol Behav. 2003;6:245–249. doi: 10.1089/109493103322011524.
    1. Soderback I, Bengtsson I, Ginsburg E, Ekholm J. Video feedback in occupational therapy: its effects in patients with neglect syndrome. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1992;73:1140–1146.
    1. Lott A, Bisson E, Lajoie Y, McComas J, Sveistrup H. The effect of two types of virtual reality on voluntary center of pressure displacement. CyberTherapy & Behavior. 2003;5:477–485. doi: 10.1089/109493103769710505.
    1. Rand D, Kizony R, Brown H, Feintuch U, Weiss PL. The 9th Annual Cybertherapy Conference. San Diego, California; Effect of performance demands and constraints within virtual environments.
    1. Witmer BG, Singer MJ. Measuring presence in virtual environments: a presence questionnaire. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments. 1998;7:225–240. doi: 10.1162/105474698565686.
    1. Rand D, Kizony R, Weiss PL. VR rehabilitation for all: vivid GX versus sony playstation II eyetoy. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Disability, Virtual Reality and Associated Technologies: Oxford, UK. 2004.
    1. Weiss PL, Bialik P, Kizony K. Virtual reality provides leisure time opportunities for young adults with physical and intellectual disabilities. Cyberpsychol Behav. 2003;6:335–342. doi: 10.1089/109493103322011650.
    1. Reid DT. The influence of a virtual reality leisure intervention program on the motivation of older adult stroke survivors: a pilot study. Phys Occup Ther Geriatr. 2003;21:1–19. doi: 10.1300/J148v21n04_01.
    1. Thornton M, Marshall S, McComas J, Finestone H, McCormick A, Sveistrup H. A virtual reality exercise program improves balance and mobility in community-living adults with traumatic brain injury. Proceedings of the 15th Congress of the International Society of Electrophysiology and Kinesiology, Boston, USA. 2004.
    1. Bisson Y, Constant B, Sveistrup H, Lajoie Y. Balance training for elderly: comparison between virtual reality and visual biofeedback. In Proceedings of the 6th World Congress on Aging and Physical Activity: London. 2004.
    1. Rand D, Katz N, Shahar M, Kizony R, Weiss PL. The virtual mall: development of a functional virtual environment for stroke rehabilitation. Abstracts of the 55th Annual Conference of the Israeli Association of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Tel Aviv. 2004.
    1. Liepert J, Baunder H, Wolfgang HR, Miltner WH, Taub E, Weiller C. Treatment-induced cortical reorganization after stroke in humans. Stroke. 2000;31:1210–1216.

Source: PubMed

3
購読する