Atorvastatin Treatment Does Not Alter Pulse Wave Velocity in Healthy Adults

Kevin D Ballard, Beth A Taylor, Jeffrey A Capizzi, Adam S Grimaldi, C Michael White, Paul D Thompson, Kevin D Ballard, Beth A Taylor, Jeffrey A Capizzi, Adam S Grimaldi, C Michael White, Paul D Thompson

Abstract

Introduction. Both statins and regular physical activity (PA) reduce arterial stiffness. The present post hoc analysis examined if arterial stiffness was improved with high-dose atorvastatin treatment in healthy adults and whether PA levels magnified this response. We utilized data from a double-blind, random-assignment clinical trial investigating the effects of atorvastatin 80 mg/d for 6 mo on skeletal muscle symptoms. Methods. Central and peripheral arterial pulse wave velocity (PWV) were measured and PA levels assessed at baseline and 6 mo in subjects randomized to atorvastatin (n = 21, 9 men) or placebo (n = 29, 16 men). Results. Baseline participant characteristics, PWV, and PA levels were not different between treatments. Central (means ± SD; 8.7 ± 2.6 to 9.0 ± 2.5 m/sec) and peripheral PWV (9.9 ± 1.3 to 9.8 ± 1.6 m/sec) were unchanged from baseline following atorvastatin treatment (time × drug interaction: P ≥ 0.13). Similarly, PA levels were unaffected by time or treatment. In sex and age adjusted models, baseline levels of PA were not related to changes in PWV with atorvastatin treatment. Conclusion. These data indicate that high-dose atorvastatin treatment for 6 mo does not influence arterial stiffness in healthy adults. Participation in habitual PA did not magnify the vascular effects of statin therapy. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00609063.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Central (a) and peripheral (b) pulse wave velocity (PWV) before (Pre) and after (Post) 6 months of atorvastatin (n = 21) or placebo (n = 29) treatment. Data are means ± SD.

References

    1. Dilaveris P., Giannopoulos G., Riga M., Synetos A., Stefanadis C. Beneficial effects of statins on endothelial dysfunction and vascular stiffness. Current Vascular Pharmacology. 2007;5(3):227–237. doi: 10.2174/157016107781024091.
    1. Lahera V., Goicoechea M., de Vinuesa S. G., et al. Endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation in atherosclerosis: beneficial effects of statins. Current Medicinal Chemistry. 2007;14(2):243–248. doi: 10.2174/092986707779313381.
    1. Downs J. R., Clearfield M., Weis S., et al. Primary prevention of acute coronary events with lovastatin in men and women with average cholesterol levels: results of AFCAPS/TexCAPS. The Journal of the American Medical Association. 1998;279(20):1615–1622. doi: 10.1001/jama.279.20.1615.
    1. Ridker P. M., Danielson E., Fonseca F. A., et al. Rosuvastatin to prevent vascular events in men and women with elevated C-reactive protein. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2008;359(21):2195–2207. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0807646.
    1. Shepherd J., Blauw G. J., Murphy M. B., et al. Pravastatin in elderly individuals at risk of vascular disease (PROSPER): a randomised controlled trial. The Lancet. 2002;360(9346):1623–1630. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)11600-X.
    1. Shepherd J., Cobbe S. M., Ford I., et al. Prevention of coronary heart disease with pravastatin in men with hypercholesterolemia. The New England Journal of Medicine. 1995;333(20):1301–1307. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199511163332001.
    1. Kanaki A. I., Sarafidis P. A., Georgianos P. I., et al. Effects of low-dose atorvastatin on arterial stiffness and central aortic pressure augmentation in patients with hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. American Journal of Hypertension. 2013;26(5):608–616. doi: 10.1093/ajh/hps098.
    1. Lunder M., Janić M., Habjan S., Šabovič M. Subtherapeutic, low-dose fluvastatin improves functional and morphological arterial wall properties in apparently healthy, middle-aged males—a pilot study. Atherosclerosis. 2011;215(2):446–451. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.12.041.
    1. Mäki-Petäjä K. M., Booth A. D., Hall F. C., et al. Ezetimibe and simvastatin reduce inflammation, disease activity, and aortic stiffness and improve endothelial function in rheumatoid arthritis. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2007;50(9):852–858. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2007.04.076.
    1. Orr J. S., Dengo A. L., Rivero J. M., Davy K. P. Arterial destiffening with atorvastatin in overweight and obese middle-aged and older adults. Hypertension. 2009;54(4):763–768. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.138248.
    1. Pirro M., Schillaci G., Mannarino M. R., et al. Effects of rosuvastatin on 3-nitrotyrosine and aortic stiffness in hypercholesterolemia. Nutrition, Metabolism & Cardiovascular Diseases. 2007;17(6):436–441. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2006.02.009.
    1. Fassett R. G., Robertson I. K., Ball M. J., Geraghty D. P., Sharman J. E., Coombes J. S. Effects of atorvastatin on arterial stiffness in chronic kidney disease: a randomised controlled trial. Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis. 2010;17(3):235–241. doi: 10.5551/jat.2683.
    1. Raison J., Rudnichi A., Safar M. E. Effects of atorvastatin on aortic pulse wave velocity in patients with hypertension and hypercholesterolaemia: a preliminary study. Journal of Human Hypertension. 2002;16(10):705–710. doi: 10.1038/sj.jhh.1001470.
    1. Shige H., Dart A., Nestel P. Simvastatin improves arterial compliance in the lower limb but not in the aorta. Atherosclerosis. 2001;155(1):245–250. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9150(00)00558-X.
    1. Gando Y., Yamamoto K., Murakami H., et al. Longer time spent in light physical activity is associated with reduced arterial stiffness in older adults. Hypertension. 2010;56(3):540–546. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.110.156331.
    1. Tanaka H., Dinenno F. A., Monahan K. D., Clevenger C. M., DeSouza C. A., Seals D. R. Aging, habitual exercise, and dynamic arterial compliance. Circulation. 2000;102(11):1270–1275. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.102.11.1270.
    1. Vaitkevicius P. V., Fleg J. L., Engel J. H., et al. Effects of age and aerobic capacity on arterial stiffness in healthy adults. Circulation. 1993;88(4):1456–1462. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.88.4.1456.
    1. Parker B. A., Capizzi J. A., Grimaldi A. S., et al. Effect of statins on skeletal muscle function. Circulation. 2013;127(1):96–103. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.136101.
    1. Thompson P. D., Parker B. A., Clarkson P. M., et al. A randomized clinical trial to assess the effect of statins on skeletal muscle function and performance: rationale and study design. Preventive Cardiology. 2010;13(3):104–111. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-7141.2009.00063.x.
    1. Paffenbarger R. S., Jr., Wing A. L., Hyde R. T. Physical activity as an index of heart attack risk in college alumni. American Journal of Epidemiology. 1978;108(3):161–175.
    1. Vlachopoulos C., Aznaouridis K., Stefanadis C. Prediction of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality with arterial stiffness. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2010;55(13):1318–1327. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2009.10.061.
    1. Rizos E. C., Agouridis A. P., Elisaf M. S. The effect of statin therapy on arterial stiffness by measuring pulse wave velocity: a systematic review. Current Vascular Pharmacology. 2010;8(5):638–644. doi: 10.2174/157016110792006950.
    1. Gao L., Wang W., Li Y.-L., et al. Simvastatin therapy normalizes sympathetic neural control in experimental heart failure: roles of angiotensin II type 1 receptors and NAD(P)H oxidase. Circulation. 2005;112(12):1763–1770. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.552174.
    1. Gao L., Wang W., Zucker I. H. Simvastatin inhibits central sympathetic outflow in heart failure by a nitric-oxide synthase mechanism. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 2008;326(1):278–285. doi: 10.1124/jpet.107.136028.
    1. Ichihara A., Hayashi M., Koura Y., Tada Y., Kaneshiro Y., Saruta T. Long-term effects of statins on arterial pressure and stiffness of hypertensives. Journal of Human Hypertension. 2005;19(2):103–109. doi: 10.1038/sj.jhh.1001786.
    1. Zhou J., Cheng M., Liao Y.-H., et al. Rosuvastatin enhances angiogenesis via eNOS -dependent mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(5) doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063126.e63126
    1. National Center for Health Statistics. Health, United States, 2012: With Special Feature on Emergency Care, 2013. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2013.

Source: PubMed

スポンサーと協力者

医学的状態

薬物療法

3
購読する