Muscle Mass, Strength, Mobility, Quality of Life, and Disease Severity in Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients: A Preliminary Study

Seung Chan Kim, Yeong Guk Lee, Si-Bog Park, Tae Hwan Kim, Kyu Hoon Lee, Seung Chan Kim, Yeong Guk Lee, Si-Bog Park, Tae Hwan Kim, Kyu Hoon Lee

Abstract

Objective: To determine if there is muscle mass reduction in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) compared to the general population and to examine the relationship between skeletal muscle mass, quality of life (QOL), strength, and mobility in patients with AS.

Methods: A total of 30 AS patients were enrolled in this study. Skeletal muscle mass was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis, and it was expressed as the skeletal muscle mass index (SMI). QOL was assessed using the EuroQOL (EQ-5D). To measure mobility, the modified Schöber test and chest expansion test were used. To measure grip strength as a measure of muscle strength, we used the hydraulic hand dynamometer. Additionally, we divided the patients into two groups according to the degree of X-ray finding and compared the differences between the two groups.

Results: There was no significant reduction in skeletal muscle mass in patients with AS compared to the general population. Also, there was no significant correlation between SMI and QOL. On the other hand, there was a significant positive correlation between SMI and mobility, and grip strength. A significant positive correlation was found between mobility and QOL. Additionally, there was a statistically significant difference in mobility between the two groups according to the degree of X-ray finding.

Conclusion: Maintaining muscle mass in AS patients may not be helpful for improving QOL, but it may contribute to achieving adequate mobility and strength.

Keywords: Ankylosing spondylitis; Mobility; Quality of life; Skeletal muscle; Strengthening exercise.

Conflict of interest statement

CONFLICT OF INTEREST: No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Figures

Fig. 1. Skeletal muscle mass was measured…
Fig. 1. Skeletal muscle mass was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis (InBody S10; Biospace, Seoul, Korea). Surface electrodes were attached on both ankles and fingers (thumb and middle fingers).
Fig. 2. Modified Schöber test. With the…
Fig. 2. Modified Schöber test. With the patient standing upright, a mark was placed at the lumbosacral junction, and further marks were placed 5 cm below and 10 cm above (A). The patient was then asked to bend forward as far as possible, and the distance between the two marks was measured again (B).
Fig. 3. Chest expansion test. Chest expansion…
Fig. 3. Chest expansion test. Chest expansion was measured as the difference between maximal inspiration and maximal forced expiration at the fourth intercostal space in males or just below the breasts in females.

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