Vascular disrupting agent for neovascular age related macular degeneration: a pilot study of the safety and efficacy of intravenous combretastatin A-4 phosphate

Mohamed A Ibrahim, Diana V Do, Yasir J Sepah, Syed M Shah, Elizabeth Van Anden, Gulnar Hafiz, J Kevin Donahue, Richard Rivers, Jai Balkissoon, James T Handa, Peter A Campochiaro, Quan Dong Nguyen, Mohamed A Ibrahim, Diana V Do, Yasir J Sepah, Syed M Shah, Elizabeth Van Anden, Gulnar Hafiz, J Kevin Donahue, Richard Rivers, Jai Balkissoon, James T Handa, Peter A Campochiaro, Quan Dong Nguyen

Abstract

Background: This study was designed to assess the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of intravenous infusion of CA4P in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods: Prospective, interventional, dose-escalation clinical trial. Eight patients with neovascular AMD refractory to at least 2 sessions of photodynamic therapy received CA4P at a dose of 27 or 36 mg/m2 as weekly intravenous infusion for 4 consecutive weeks. Safety was monitored by vital signs, ocular and physical examinations, electrocardiogram, routine laboratory tests, and collection of adverse events. Efficacy was assessed using retinal fluorescein angiography, optical coherence tomography, and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA).

Results: The most common adverse events were elevated blood pressure (46.7%), QTc prolongation (23.3%), elevated temperature (13.3%), and headache (10%), followed by nausea and eye injection (6.7%). There were no adverse events that were considered severe in intensity and none resulted in discontinuation of treatment. There was reduction of the excess foveal thickness by 24.15% at end of treatment period and by 43.75% at end of the two-month follow-up (p = 0.674 and 0.161, respectively). BCVA remained stable throughout the treatment and follow-up periods.

Conclusions: The safety profile of intravenous CA4P was consistent with that reported in oncology trials of CA4P and with the class effects of vascular disruptive agents; however, the frequency of adverse events was different. There are evidences to suggest potential efficacy of CA4P in neovascular AMD. However, the level of systemic safety and efficacy indicates that systemic CA4P may not be suitable as an alternative monotherapy to current standard-of-care therapy.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01570790.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Changes in systolic (top) and diastolic (bottom) blood pressure in the study subjects following the first infusion of combretastatin A-4 phosphate.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Changes in the QTc interval in the study subjects following the first infusion of combretastatin A-4 phosphate.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Mean changes in visual acuity and central retinal thickness during the study period in the study eyes (top) and the fellow eyes (bottom).

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