Oral creatine monohydrate supplementation improves brain performance: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial

Caroline Rae, Alison L Digney, Sally R McEwan, Timothy C Bates, Caroline Rae, Alison L Digney, Sally R McEwan, Timothy C Bates

Abstract

Creatine supplementation is in widespread use to enhance sports-fitness performance, and has been trialled successfully in the treatment of neurological, neuromuscular and atherosclerotic disease. Creatine plays a pivotal role in brain energy homeostasis, being a temporal and spatial buffer for cytosolic and mitochondrial pools of the cellular energy currency, adenosine triphosphate and its regulator, adenosine diphosphate. In this work, we tested the hypothesis that oral creatine supplementation (5 g d(-1) for six weeks) would enhance intelligence test scores and working memory performance in 45 young adult, vegetarian subjects in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over design. Creatine supplementation had a significant positive effect (p < 0.0001) on both working memory (backward digit span) and intelligence (Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices), both tasks that require speed of processing. These findings underline a dynamic and significant role of brain energy capacity in influencing brain performance.

References

    1. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1999;471:67-81
    1. Am J Physiol. 1999 Sep;277(3 Pt 2):R698-704
    1. Acta Physiol Scand. 2000 Apr;168(4):635-41
    1. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2000 Mar;149(1):63-71
    1. Physiol Rev. 2000 Jul;80(3):1107-213
    1. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2000 Jul;82(4):321-5
    1. Neurology. 2000 Dec 26;55(12):1874-83
    1. Am J Hum Genet. 2001 Jun;68(6):1497-500
    1. Physiol Behav. 2001 Jul;73(4):585-92
    1. J Neurosci Res. 2001 Dec 1;66(5):824-38
    1. Neurosci Res. 2002 Apr;42(4):279-85
    1. Neuroscience. 2002;112(2):243-60
    1. Eur J Neurosci. 2002 May;15(10):1692-706
    1. Ann Nutr Metab. 2003;47(1):11-5
    1. Neuroreport. 2003 Jul 18;14(10):1333-7
    1. J Clin Pathol. 1968 May;21(3):412-3
    1. J Neurochem. 1980 Jan;34(1):213-5
    1. Science. 1988 Jul 22;241(4864):462-4
    1. J Neurochem. 1989 Feb;52(2):544-50
    1. Clin Chem. 1989 Aug;35(8):1802-3
    1. Biochem J. 1992 Jan 1;281 ( Pt 1):21-40
    1. Magn Reson Med. 1992 May;25(1):187-94
    1. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1992 Jul;12(4):584-92
    1. Clin Sci (Lond). 1992 Sep;83(3):367-74
    1. J Neurosci. 1994 Aug;14(8):5068-76
    1. Neuropsychologia. 1994 May;32(5):595-607
    1. Neuropsychologia. 1995 Jul;33(7):843-54
    1. Lancet. 1996 Sep 21;348(9030):789-90
    1. J Physiol. 1997 Jan 15;498 ( Pt 2):497-501
    1. Magn Reson Med. 1997 Dec;38(6):878-83
    1. J Neurochem. 1998 Feb;70(2):835-40
    1. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1998 Jul;138(1):27-33
    1. Mol Cell Biochem. 1998 Jul;184(1-2):427-37
    1. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1999 Apr;19(4):393-400
    1. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000 Mar;32(3):706-17

Source: PubMed

スポンサーと協力者

医学的状態

薬物療法

3
購読する