Short-Term Effects of Hydrokinesiotherapy in Hospitalized Preterm Newborns

Welcy Cassiano de Oliveira Tobinaga, Cirlene de Lima Marinho, Vera Lucia Barros Abelenda, Paula Morisco de Sá, Agnaldo José Lopes, Welcy Cassiano de Oliveira Tobinaga, Cirlene de Lima Marinho, Vera Lucia Barros Abelenda, Paula Morisco de Sá, Agnaldo José Lopes

Abstract

Background. In the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) environment, preterm newborns are subject to environmental stress and numerous painful interventions. It is known that hydrokinesiotherapy promotes comfort and reduces stress because of the physiological properties of water. Objective. To evaluate the short-term effects of hydrokinesiotherapy on reducing stress in preterm newborns admitted to the NICU. Materials and Methods. Fifteen preterm newborns underwent salivary cortisol measurement, pain evaluation using the Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS), and heart rate, respiratory rate, and peripheral oxygen saturation measurements before and after the application of hydrokinesiotherapy. Results. The mean gestational age of the newborns was 34.2 ± 1.66 weeks, and the mean weight was 1823.3 ± 437.4 g. Immediately after application of hydrokinesiotherapy, a significant reduction was observed in salivary cortisol (p = 0.004), heart rate (p = 0.003), and respiratory rate (p = 0.004) and a significant increase was observed in peripheral oxygen saturation (p = 0.002). However, no significant difference was observed in the NIPS score (p > 0.05). Conclusion. In the present study, neonatal hydrotherapy promoted short-term relief from feelings of stress. Neonatal hydrokinesiotherapy may be a therapeutic alternative. However, this therapy needs to be studied in randomized, crossover, and blinded trials. This trial is registered with NCT02707731.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Infants undergoing hydrokinesiotherapy. Note the size of the plastic bucket (a) and the smooth movement of rotation (b).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Flowchart showing the different stages of the recruitment process.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Comparison of salivary cortisol measurements between preterm newborns before (pre-HKT PN) and after (post-HKT PN) hydrokinesiotherapy and term newborns (TN). Significant differences were observed in salivary cortisol levels between the pre-HKT PN and post-HKT PN groups (p = 0.004). Significant differences were also found in salivary cortisol levels between the pre-HKT PN and TN groups (p = 0.0003) and between the post-HKT PN and TN groups (p = 0.03).

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