Study of cardiovascular disease biomarkers among tobacco consumers. Part 3: evaluation and comparison with the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Kristin M Marano, Steven J Kathman, Bobbette A Jones, Brian K Nordskog, Buddy G Brown, Michael F Borgerding, Kristin M Marano, Steven J Kathman, Bobbette A Jones, Brian K Nordskog, Buddy G Brown, Michael F Borgerding

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) biomarkers of biological effect (BoBE), including hematologic biomarkers, serum lipid-related biomarkers, other serum BoBE, and one physiological biomarker, were evaluated in adult cigarette smokers (SMK), smokeless tobacco consumers (STC), and non-consumers of tobacco (NTC). Data from adult males and females in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and a single site, cross-sectional study of healthy US males were analyzed and compared. Within normal clinical reference ranges, statistically significant differences were observed consistently for fibrinogen, C-reactive protein (CRP), hematocrit, mean cell volume, mean cell hemoglobin, hemoglobin, white blood cells, monocytes, lymphocytes, and neutrophils in comparisons between SMK and NTC; for CRP, white blood cells, monocytes, and lymphocytes in comparisons between SMK and STC; and for folate in comparisons with STC and NTC. Results provide evidence for differences in CVD BoBE associated with the use of different tobacco products, and provide evidence of a risk continuum among tobacco products and support for the concept of tobacco harm reduction.

Keywords: BoBE; CVD; NHANES; cigarettes; smokeless tobacco.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Biomarkers of biological effect with statistically significant differences between tobacco consumption groups in all three data sets. Results are fold-differences (i.e. multiplicative factors to the geometric mean) and 95% confidence intervals between exposure groups from Data set 1. Statistically significant = 95% confidence interval did not include 1.00. SMK, cigarette smokers; STC, smokeless tobacco consumers; NTC, non-consumers of tobacco.

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Source: PubMed

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