Effect of weight loss by a low-fat diet and a low-carbohydrate diet on peptide YY levels

P A Essah, J R Levy, S N Sistrun, S M Kelly, J E Nestler, P A Essah, J R Levy, S N Sistrun, S M Kelly, J E Nestler

Abstract

Objective: To compare the effects of weight loss by an energy-restricted low-fat diet vs low-carbohydrate diet on serum peptide YY (PYY) levels.

Design: 8-Week prospective study of 30 obese adults (mean age: 42.8+/-2.0 years, mean body mass index 35.5+/-0.6 kg m(-2)).

Results: After 8 weeks, subjects on the low-carbohydrate diet lost substantially more weight than those on the low-fat diet (5.8 vs 0.99 kg, P<0.001). Weight loss by either diet resulted in a 9% reduction in both mean fasting serum PYY levels (baseline: 103.5+/-8.8 pg ml(-1), after weight loss: 94.1+/-6.5 pg ml(-1), P<0.01) and postprandial area under the curve (AUC) PYY (baseline: (20.5+/-1.5) x 10(3) pg h(-1) ml(-1), after weight loss: mean AUC PYY (18.8+/-1.4) x 10(3) pg h(-1) ml(-1), P<0.001). There was a trend towards lower levels of PYY with greater degrees of weight loss.

Conclusions: Reduced PYY levels after weight loss by an energy-restricted low-fat or low-carbohydrate diet likely represents a compensatory response to maintain energy homeostasis and contributes to difficulty in weight loss during energy-restricted diets.

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: The authors have no competing financial interests or other conflict of interests to report.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
A) Fasting serum PYY level before a test meal at baseline and after 8 weeks of weight loss for all subjects. B) Postprandial serum AUC PYY at baseline and after 8 weeks of weight loss for all subjects. *p<0.01 vs. baseline **p<0.001 vs. baseline.

References

    1. Serdula MK, Mokdad AH, Williamson DF, Galuska DA, Mendlein JM, Heath GW. Prevalence of attempting weight loss and strategies for controlling weight. JAMA. 1999;282:1353–1358.
    1. Freedman MR, King J, Kennedy E. Popular diets: a scientific review. Obes Res. 2001;9(suppl 1):1S–40S.
    1. Atkins RC. Dr Atkins’ New Diet Revolution. New York, NY: HarperCollins Publishers; 1998.
    1. Nordmann AJ, Nordmann A, Briel M, Keller U, Yancy WS, Jr, Brehm BJ, Bucher HC. Effects of low-carbohydrate vs low-fat diets on weight loss and cardiovascular risk factors: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arch Intern Med. 2006 Feb 13;166(3):285–93.
    1. Wynne K, Bloom S. The role of oxyntomodulin and peptide tyrosine-tyrosine (PYY) in appetite control. Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab. 2006;2:612–620.
    1. Essah PA, Levy JR, Sistrun SN, Kelly SM, Nestler JE. Effect of macronutrient composition on postprandial peptide YY levels. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007;92:4052–4055.
    1. Batterham RL, Cohen MA, Ellis SM, le Roux CW, Withers DJ, Frost GS, et al. Inhibition of food intake in obese subjects by peptide YY 3–36. N Engl J Med. 2003;349:941–948.
    1. Sloth B, Due A, Larsen TM, Holst JJ, Heding A, Astrup A. The effect of a high-MUFA, low glycaemic index diet and a low-fat diet on appetite and glucose metabolism during a 6-month weight maintenance period. The British Journal of Nutrition. 2009;101:1846–1858.
    1. Brownley KA, Heymen S, Hinderliter AL, Macintosh B. Effect of Glycemic Load on Peptide-YY Levels in a Biracial Sample of Obese and Normal Weight Women. Obesity. 2009 Oct 29; [Epub ahead of print]
    1. Chan JL, Stoyneva V, Kelesidis T, Raciti P, Mantzoros CS. Peptide YY levels are decreased by fasting and elevated following caloric intake but are not regulated by leptin. Diabetologia. 2006;49:169–173.
    1. Batterham RL, Heffron H, Kapoor S, Chivers JE, Chandarana K, Herzog H, et al. Critical role for peptide YY in protein-mediated satiation and body-weight regulation. Cell Metab. 2006;4:223–233.

Source: PubMed

스폰서 및 공동 작업자

건강 상태

약물 개입

3
구독하다