Effectiveness of a worksite-based weight loss randomized controlled trial: the worksite study

Fabio A Almeida, Wen You, Samantha M Harden, Kacie C A Blackman, Brenda M Davy, Russell E Glasgow, Jennie L Hill, Laura A Linnan, Sarah S Wall, Jackie Yenerall, Jamie M Zoellner, Paul A Estabrooks, Fabio A Almeida, Wen You, Samantha M Harden, Kacie C A Blackman, Brenda M Davy, Russell E Glasgow, Jennie L Hill, Laura A Linnan, Sarah S Wall, Jackie Yenerall, Jamie M Zoellner, Paul A Estabrooks

Abstract

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of an individually targeted Internet-based intervention with monetary incentives (INCENT) at reducing weight of overweight and obese employees when compared with a less-intensive intervention (Livin' My Weigh [LMW]) 6 months after program initiation.

Methods: Twenty-eight worksites were randomly assigned to either INCENT or LMW conditions. Both programs used evidence-based strategies to support weight loss. INCENT was delivered via daily e-mails over 12 months while LMW was delivered quarterly via both newsletters and on-site educational sessions. Generalized linear mixed models were conducted for weight change from baseline to 6 months post-program and using an intention-to-treat analysis to include all participants with baseline weight measurements.

Results: Across 28 worksites, 1,790 employees (M = 47 years of age; 79% Caucasian; 74% women) participated. Participants lost an average of 2.27 lbs (P < 0.001) with a BMI decrease of 0.36 kg/m(2) (P < 0.001) and 1.30 lbs (P < 0.01) with a BMI decrease of 0.20 kg/m(2) (P < 0.01) in INCENT and LMW, respectively. The differences between INCENT and LMW in weight loss and BMI reduction were not statistically significant.

Conclusions: This study suggests that INCENT and a minimal intervention alternative may be effective approaches to help decrease the overall obesity burden within worksites.

Keywords: behavioral intervention; e-mail; incentives; obesity; worksite.

Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest

Competing interests: The authors have no competing interests.

© 2015 The Obesity Society.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Worksite and participant flow diagram
Figure 2
Figure 2
The Health Spot™

References

    1. World Health Organization. Global status report on noncommunicable diseases 2010. World Health Organization; 2011.
    1. Tamers SL, Beresford SA, Cheadle AD, Zheng Y, Bishop SK, Thompson B. The association between worksite social support, diet, physical activity and body mass index. Prev Med. 2011;53/(1–2):53–56.
    1. Task Force on Community Preventive Services. A recommendation to improve employee weight status through worksite health promotion programs targeting nutrition, physical activity, or both. Am J Prev Med. 2009;37/(4):358–359.
    1. Benedict MA, Arterburn D. Worksite-based weight loss programs: a systematic review of recent literature. Am J Health Promo. 2008;22:408–416.
    1. Anderson LM, Quinn T, Glanz K, et al. The effectiveness of worksite nutrition and physical activity interventions for controlling employee overweight and obesity: a systematic review. Am J Prev Med. 2009;37:340–357.
    1. Engbers LH, vanPoppel MN, Chin A Paw MJ, van Mechelen W. Worksite health promotion programs with environmental changes: a systematic review. Am J Prev Med. 2005;29(1):61–70.
    1. Goetzel R, Ozminkowski RJ. The health and cost benefits of work site health-promotion programs. Annu. Rev. Public Health. 2008;29:303–323.
    1. Pratt CA, Lemon SC, Fernandez ID, et al. Design characteristics of worksite overweight and obesity control interventions supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Obesity. 2007;15/(9):2171–2180.
    1. Anderson LM, Quinn TA, Glanz K, Ramirez G, Kahwati LC, Johnson DB, Buchanan LR, Archer WR, Chattopadhyay S, Kalra GP, Katz DL. Task Force on Community Preventive Services. The effectiveness of worksite nutrition and physical activity interventions for controlling employee overweight and obesity: a systematic review. Am J Prev Med. 2009;37/(4):340–357.
    1. Sox HC, Greenfield S. Comparative Effectiveness Research: A Report From the Institute of Medicine. Ann Intern Med. 2009;151/(3):203–205.
    1. You W, Almeida FA, Zoellner JM, Hill JL, Courtney A Pinard CA, Allen KC, Glasgow RE, Linnan LA, Estabrooks PA. Who participates in internet-based worksite weight loss programs? BMC Public Health. 2011;11:709.
    1. Almeida FA, Wall S, Glasgow RE, Linnan L, Davy B, Hill J, You W, Estabrooks PA. What types of worksites participate in weight loss trials? REFACS (online) 2014;2(2):121–128. 2014.
    1. U.S. Department of Agriculture and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010. 7th edition. Washington DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2010. Dec,
    1. Garber CE, Blissmer B, Deschenes MR, et al. American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and neuromotor fitness in apparently healthy adults: guidance for prescribing exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2011;43/(7):1334–1359.
    1. Jeffery RW, Sherwood NE, Brelje K, Pronk NP, Boyle R, Boucher JL, Hase K. Mail and phone interventions for weight loss in a managed-care setting: Weigh-To-Be one-year outcomes. International Journal of Obesity. 2003;27:1584–1592.
    1. Wing RR, Phelan S. Long-term weight loss maintenance. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2005;82:222S–225S.
    1. Bandura A. Social Foundations of Thought and Action. Englewoods Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall; 1986.
    1. Jeffery RW, Forster JL, Baxter JE, French SA, Kelder SH. An empirical evaluation of the effectiveness of tangible incentives in increasing participation and bbehavior change in a worksite health promotion program. American Journal of Health Promotion. 1993;8(2):3.
    1. Cawley J, Price JA. Outcomes in a program that offers financial rewards for weight loss. In: Grossmann M, Mocan NH, editors. Economic Aspects of Obesity. 1 ed. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press; 2011. p. 35.
    1. Finkelstein EA, Linnan LA, Tate DF, Birken BE. A pilot study testing the effect of different levels of financial incentives on weight loss among overweight employees. J Occup Environ Med. 2007;49(9):981–989.
    1. Moller AC, McFadden HG, Hedeker D, Spring B. Financial motivation undermines maintenance in an intensive diet and activity intervention. Journal of Obesity. Volume 2012:1–8.
    1. Glasgow RE, Fisher L, Strycker LA, Hessler D, Toobert DJ, King DK, Jacobs T. Minimal Intervention Needed for Change: Definition, Use, and Value for Improving Health and Health Research. Transl Behav Med. 2013 epub ahead of print.
    1. Topolski TD, LoGerfo J, Patrick DL, Williams B, Walwick J, Patrick MB. The rapid assessment of physical activity (RAPA) among older adults. Prev Chron Dis. 2006;3:1–8.
    1. Brownson RC, Jones DA, Pratt M, Blanton C, Heath GW. Measuring physical activity with the behavioral risk factor surveillance system. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2000;32(11):1913–1918.
    1. Block G, Gillespie C, Rosenbaum EH, Jenson C. A rapid food screener to assess fat and fruit and vegetable intake. Am J Prev Med. 2000;18(4):284–288.
    1. Hedrick VE, Comber DL, Estabrooks PA, Savla J, Davy BM. The beverage intake questionnaire: initial validity and reliability. Journal of the American Dietetic Association. 2010;110(8):1227–1232.
    1. Hayes RJ, Moulton LH. Cluster Randomized Trials (Chapman & Hall/CRC Interdisciplinary Statistics Series) CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group; 2009.
    1. Tuomilehto J, Lindstrom J, Eriksson JG, Valle TT, Hamalainen H, Ilanne-Parikka P, et al. Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus by changes in lifestyle among subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. N Engl J Med. 2001;344:1343–1350.
    1. Patrick K, Calfas KJ, Norman GJ, Rosenberg D, Zabinski MF, Sallis JF, Rock CL, Dillon LW. Outcomes of a 12-month web-based intervention for overweight and obese men. Ann Behav Med. 2011;42:391–401.
    1. Morgan PJ, Callister R, Collins CE, Plotnikoff RC, Young MD, Berry N, McElduff P, Burrows T, Aguiar E, Saunders KL. The SHED-IT community trial: A randomized controlled trial of internet- and paper-based weight loss programs tailored for overweight and obese men. Ann Behav Med. 2013;45:139–152.
    1. Lemon SC, Zapka J, Li W, Estabrook B, Rosal M, Wagner R, Andersen V, Borg A, Hale J. Step Ahead: A worksite obesity prevention trial among hospital employees. Am J Prev Med. 2010;38(1):27–38.
    1. Linde JA, Nygaard KE, Maclehose RF, Mitchell NR, Harnack LJ, Cousins JM, Graham DJ, Jeffery RW. HealthWorks: Results of a multi-component group-randomized worksite environmental intervention trial for weight gain prevention. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 2012;9:14.
    1. Pan A, Malik V, Hao T, Willett W, Mozaffarian D, Hu F. Changes in water and beverage intake and long-term weight changes: results from three prospective cohort studies. Int J Obesity. 2013;37:1378–1385.
    1. Lichtenstein, et al. Diet and Lifestyle recommenstions Revision 2006: A scientific statmenett for the American heart Association Nutrition Committee. Circulation. 2006;114:82–96.
    1. Luce BR, Kramer JM, Goodman SN, Connor JT, Tunis S, Whicher D, Schwartz JS. Rethinking Randomized Clinical Trials for Comparative Effectiveness Research: The Need for Transformational Change. Ann Intern Med. 2009;151(3):206–209.
    1. Tunis SR, Stryer DB, Clancy CM. Practical clinical trials: increasing the value of clinical research for decision making in clinical and health policy. JAMA. 2003;290:1624–1632.
    1. Linnan L, et al. Organizational- and employee-level recruitment into a worksite-based weight loss study. Clin Trials. 2012;9:215–225.
    1. Barbeau EM, Wallace L, Lederman R, Lightman N, Stoddard A, Sorensen G. Recruiting small manufacturing worksites that employ multiethnic, low-wage workforces into a cancer prevention research trial. Prev Chronic Dis. 2004;1(3):1–9.
    1. Wang Y, Beydoun M. The obesity epidemic in the United States - Gender, age, socioeconomic, racial/ethnic, and socioeconomic, racial/ethnic, and geographic characteristics: A systematic review and meta-regression analysis.". Epidemiologic Reviews. 2007;29:6–28.
    1. Guh Daphne, Wei Zhang, Nick Bansback, Zubin Amarsi, C Laird Birmingham, Aslam H Anis. "The incidence of co-morbidities related to obesity and overweight: A systematic review and meta-analysis". BMC Public Health. 2009;9:88.

Source: PubMed

스폰서 및 공동 작업자

건강 상태

약물 개입

3
구독하다