Adopting a Mediterranean-Style Eating Pattern with Different Amounts of Lean Unprocessed Red Meat Does Not Influence Short-Term Subjective Personal Well-Being in Adults with Overweight or Obesity

Lauren E O'Connor, Sarah L Biberstine, Douglas Paddon-Jones, A J Schwichtenberg, Wayne W Campbell, Lauren E O'Connor, Sarah L Biberstine, Douglas Paddon-Jones, A J Schwichtenberg, Wayne W Campbell

Abstract

Background: Reducing red meat intake is commonly recommended. Limited observational studies suggest that healthy eating patterns with red meat are associated with improved quality of life.

Objective: The secondary objectives of this randomized crossover controlled-feeding trial were to assess the effects of following a Mediterranean-style eating pattern (Med-Pattern) with different amounts of red meat on indexes of personal well-being (i.e., perceived quality of life, mood, and sleep) in overweight or obese adults. We hypothesized that following a Med-Pattern would improve these outcomes, independent of red meat intake amount.

Methods: Forty-one participants [aged 46 ± 2 y; body mass index (kg/m2): 30.5 ± 0.6; n = 28 women, n = 13 men) were provided Med-Pattern foods for two 5-wk periods separated by 4 wk of self-selected eating. The Med-Red Pattern contained ∼500 g/wk (typical US intake), and the Med-Control Pattern contained ∼200 g/wk (commonly recommended intake in heart-healthy eating patterns) of lean, unprocessed beef or pork compensated with mainly poultry and dairy. Baseline and postintervention outcomes measured were perceived quality of life via the MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey, version 2 (SF-36v2), daily mood states via the Profile of Mood States (POMS), sleep perceptions via the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and sleep patterns via actigraphy. Data were analyzed via a doubly repeated-measures ANOVA adjusted for age, sex, and body mass at each time point.

Results: Following a Med-Pattern did not change domains of physical health, mental health, total mood disturbances, sleep perceptions, and sleep patterns but improved subdomains of physical health role limitations (SF-36v2: 93.6-96.7%; P = 0.038), vitality (SF-36v2: 57.9-63.0%; P = 0.020), and fatigue (POMS: 2.9-2.5 arbitrary units; P = 0.039). There were no differences between the Med-Red and Med-Control Patterns (time × pattern, P-interaction > 0.05).

Conclusion: Following a Med-Pattern, independent of lean, unprocessed red meat intake, may not be an effective short-term strategy to meaningfully improve indexes of personal well-being in adults who are overweight or obese. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02573129.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Recruitment for a randomized, crossover, controlled trial in which adults who are overweight or obese consumed a Mediterranean-style eating pattern with different amounts of lean, unprocessed red meat. MOS; SF-36v2, 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey, version 2.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Changes in perceived quality of life of adults who are overweight or obese after 5 wk of following a Mediterranean-style eating pattern with different amounts of lean, unprocessed red meat. Values are least-square means ± least-square mean SEMs,n = 39. All values were extracted from a doubly repeated-measures ANOVA adjusted for age, sex, and body mass at each time point. *Different from Pre,P < 0.05. There were no differences between the Med-Red Pattern and the Med-Control Pattern.1Meaured via MOS SF-36v2;2role limitations due to physical health;3role limitations due to emotional health. Med-Control Pattern, Mediterranean-style eating pattern with ∼200 g of lean, unprocessed red meat/wk; Med-Red Pattern, Mediterranean-style eating pattern with ∼500 g of lean unprocessed red meat/wk; MOS; SF-36v2, 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey, version 2.

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Source: PubMed

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