The effect of blue dishware versus white dishware on food intake and eating challenges among residents living with dementia: a crossover trial

Rachael Donnelly, Cindy Wei, Jill Morrison-Koechl, Heather Keller, Rachael Donnelly, Cindy Wei, Jill Morrison-Koechl, Heather Keller

Abstract

Objective: Residents living with dementia (RLWD) often experience changes in their visual perception, which could reduce food intake. Inadequate food intake is known to cause malnutrition, which increases the risk of hospitalization, morbidity, and mortality. This study evaluated the effectiveness of using blue dishware compared to white dishware to improve food intake and mitigate eating challenges among 18 RLWD (mean age 84.6 ± 7.9 years, 72.2% female).

Results: A within-within person crossover design determined differences in food intake and eating challenges between blue and white dishware conditions. Five participants responded to the blue dishware and increased their average food intake by ≥ 10%. Responders were not different from non-responders in terms of demographic or health characteristics. The proportion of eating challenges experienced was not significantly different between the blue and white dishware conditions. Percent food intake was significantly greater at lunch (83.5 ± 19.0%) compared to dinner (75.8 ± 22.1%; p < 0.0001), regardless of dishware condition. However, there were no significant differences for food intake between the dishware conditions, even after matching food choices. Promoting food intake and reducing eating challenges in RLWD likely needs multi-component interventions targeting meal quality, meal access, and mealtime experience. Trial registration ClincialTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04298788. Retrospectively registered: 6 March 2020, https://ichgcp.net/clinical-trials-registry/NCT04298788?term=NCT04298788&draw=2&rank=1 .

Keywords: Blue; Dementia; Dining; Dishware; Eating challenges; Food intake; Physical environment.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Blue and white dishware on a set table. a Blue Lagoon bowl (weight: 411.4 g and inside diameter: 13.6 cm) and plate (weight: 598.3 g and diameter: 23.8 cm) on a beige placemat and tablecloth. b Monaco White bowl (weight: 298.9 g and inside diameter: 13.4 cm) and plate (weight: 539.6 g and diameter: 23.8 cm) on a beige placemat and tablecloth. c Blue and white dishware set together on a table with a beige placemat and tablecloth.

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Source: PubMed

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