The Effect of Oral Probiotics (Streptococcus Salivarius k12) on the Salivary Level of Secretory Immunoglobulin A, Salivation Rate, and Oral Biofilm: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial

Ksenia Babina, Dilara Salikhova, Maria Polyakova, Oxana Svitich, Roman Samoylikov, Samya Ahmad El-Abed, Alexandr Zaytsev, Nina Novozhilova, Ksenia Babina, Dilara Salikhova, Maria Polyakova, Oxana Svitich, Roman Samoylikov, Samya Ahmad El-Abed, Alexandr Zaytsev, Nina Novozhilova

Abstract

We aimed to assess the effect of oral probiotics containing the Streptococcus salivarius K12 strain on the salivary level of secretory immunoglobulin A, salivation rate, and oral biofilm. Thirty-one consenting patients meeting the inclusion criteria were recruited in this double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-arm, parallel-group study and randomly divided into probiotic (n = 15) and placebo (n = 16) groups. Unstimulated salivation rate, concentration of salivary secretory immunoglobulin A, Turesky index, and Papillary-Marginal-Attached index were assessed after 4 weeks of intervention and 2 weeks of washout. Thirty patients completed the entire study protocol. We found no increase in salivary secretory immunoglobulin A levels and salivary flow rates in the probiotic group compared with placebo. Baseline and outcome salivary secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations (mg/L) were 226 ± 130 and 200 ± 113 for the probiotic group and 205 ± 92 and 191 ± 97 for the placebo group, respectively. A significant decrease in plaque accumulation was observed in the probiotic group at 4 and 6 weeks. Within the limitations of the present study, it may be concluded that probiotic intake (Streptococcus salivarius K12) does not affect salivation rates and secretory immunoglobulin A salivary levels but exhibits a positive effect on plaque accumulation. Trial registration NCT05039320. Funding: none.

Keywords: Streptococcus salivarius K12; dental biofilm; probiotics; salivary secretory immunoglobulins A; unstimulated salivary flow rate.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Patient flow diagram.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Correlation analysis. TQHPI—Turesky modification of the Quigley-Hein plaque index; DMFT—decayed, missing, and filled teeth index; sIgA—secretory immunoglobulin A; PMA—papillary marginal attached index.

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Source: PubMed

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