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Comparison Of The Effects Of Swedish Massage With Natural Oils (Comparison)

11 juni 2026 bijgewerkt door: Hülya Tosun, Kutahya Health Sciences University

Comparison Of The Effects Of Swedish Massage With Natural Oils During The 1st And 2nd Stages Of Labor On Labor Pain, Fear And Anxiety Levels: A Randomized Controlled Study

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Swedish massage combined with lavender and chamomile oils on childbirth outcomes during the first and second stages of labor.

Materials and Methods: This randomized controlled experimental study was conducted with 90 pregnant women. Participants were randomly assigned to three groups: Intervention A (n=30; carrier oil + chamomile oil + Swedish massage), Intervention B (n=30; carrier oil + lavender oil + Swedish massage), and Control (n=30; carrier oil + Swedish massage). Data were collected using the Individual Identification Form, Vital Signs (blood pressure and pulse), Partograph, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-I and STAI-II), and the Childbirth Fear Scale. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics Version 23.0.

The study was designed to compare the effects of Swedish massage combined with chamomile oil, lavender oil, or carrier oil on labor pain, anxiety, childbirth fear, physiological parameters, and selected birth outcomes during the first and second stages of labor.

Studie Overzicht

Toestand

Voltooid

Conditie

Interventie / Behandeling

Gedetailleerde beschrijving

This randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of Swedish massage combined with chamomile oil or lavender oil during the first and second stages of labor. Participants were randomly allocated to three groups: chamomile oil with Swedish massage, lavender oil with Swedish massage, and carrier oil with Swedish massage. Outcome measures included labor pain, anxiety, childbirth fear, maternal vital signs, duration of labor stages, and selected maternal and neonatal birth outcomes. Data were collected at predefined stages of labor using validated assessment tools.

Studietype

Ingrijpend

Inschrijving (Werkelijk)

90

Fase

  • Niet toepasbaar

Contacten en locaties

In dit gedeelte vindt u de contactgegevens van degenen die het onderzoek uitvoeren en informatie over waar dit onderzoek wordt uitgevoerd.

Studie Locaties

  • Turkije (Türkiye)
    • Center
      • Antalya, Center, Turkije (Türkiye), 06000
        • Antalya City Hospital
      • Antalya, Center, Turkije (Türkiye), 43000
        • Antalya City Hospital

Deelname Criteria

Onderzoekers zoeken naar mensen die aan een bepaalde beschrijving voldoen, de zogenaamde geschiktheidscriteria. Enkele voorbeelden van deze criteria zijn iemands algemene gezondheidstoestand of eerdere behandelingen.

Geschiktheidscriteria

Leeftijden die in aanmerking komen voor studie

  • Volwassen

Accepteert gezonde vrijwilligers

Ja

Beschrijving

Inclusion Criteria:

  • • Voluntarily participate in the study and provide written consent.

    • Ability to communicate and follow instructions.
    • Possess a general health/obstetric status sufficient to safely complete the research process.
    • No known allergies to aromatherapy inhalation or skin reactions.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Having a medical, psychiatric, or obstetric condition that could negatively affect the safety/validity of participation.

    • Being unsuitable for intervention due to conditions requiring acute/chronic treatment.
    • Using painkillers/sedatives, etc., that could affect the study results
    • Showing hypersensitivity to herbal/essential oils or carrier ingredients.

Studie plan

Dit gedeelte bevat details van het studieplan, inclusief hoe de studie is opgezet en wat de studie meet.

Hoe is de studie opgezet?

Ontwerpdetails

  • Primair doel: Ondersteunende zorg
  • Toewijzing: Gerandomiseerd
  • Interventioneel model: Crossover-opdracht
  • Masker: Verviervoudigen

Wapens en interventies

Deelnemersgroep / Arm
Interventie / Behandeling
Experimenteel: Intervention A,

Intervention A (n=30; carrier oil + chamomile oil + Swedish massage), Stage I: From cervical dilation of 4 cm to 8 cm, four 10-minute sessions of labor massage were performed using superficial tapping techniques (for the head, shoulders, hands, and feet).

Stage II: From 8 cm dilation to delivery, petrissage or strong tapping massage (B-shaped and heart-shaped), petrissage to the head and shoulders, spiral vibration to both sides of the vertebral column, and sacrum compression were applied four times for 20 minutes each.

In each stage, the expectant mother was asked to indicate the area where she felt pain using the "Pain Area Drawings" chart. The type and intensity of the massage were determined based on the severity of the pain and the mother's emotional needs.
Ander: Aromatherapy and Massage Care for labor pain management
Although lavender and chamomile oils have been used in midwifery practices in previous studies, no study has been found comparing the effects of Swedish massage
Andere namen:
  • Aromatherapy Care Chamomile oil and swedish massage
  • Swedish massage and basic oil
  • Aromatherapy Care Lavender oil and swedish massage
Experimenteel: Intervention B,

Intervention B (n=30; carrier oil + lavender oil + Swedish massage) Stage I: From cervical dilation of 4 cm to 8 cm, four 10-minute sessions of labor massage were performed using superficial tapping techniques (for the head, shoulders, hands, and feet)

Stage II: From 8 cm dilation to delivery, petrissage or strong tapping massage (B-shaped and heart-shaped), petrissage to the head and shoulders, spiral vibration to both sides of the vertebral column, and sacrum compression were applied four times for 20 minutes each.

In each stage, the expectant mother was asked to indicate the area where she felt pain using the "Pain Area Drawings" chart. The type and intensity of the massage were determined based on the severity of the pain and the mother's emotional needs.
Ander: Aromatherapy and Massage Care for labor pain management
Although lavender and chamomile oils have been used in midwifery practices in previous studies, no study has been found comparing the effects of Swedish massage
Andere namen:
  • Aromatherapy Care Chamomile oil and swedish massage
  • Swedish massage and basic oil
  • Aromatherapy Care Lavender oil and swedish massage
Experimenteel: Intervention C

Control (n=30; carrier oil + Swedish massage).Stage I: From cervical dilation of 4 cm to 8 cm, four 10-minute sessions of labor massage were performed using superficial tapping techniques (for the head, shoulders, hands, and feet).

Stage II: From 8 cm dilation to delivery, petrissage or strong tapping massage (B-shaped and heart-shaped), petrissage to the head and shoulders, spiral vibration to both sides of the vertebral column, and sacrum compression were applied four times for 20 minutes each.

In each stage, the expectant mother was asked to indicate the area where she felt pain using the "Pain Area Drawings" chart. The type and intensity of the massage were determined based on the severity of the pain and the mother's emotional needs.
Ander: Aromatherapy and Massage Care for labor pain management
Although lavender and chamomile oils have been used in midwifery practices in previous studies, no study has been found comparing the effects of Swedish massage
Andere namen:
  • Aromatherapy Care Chamomile oil and swedish massage
  • Swedish massage and basic oil
  • Aromatherapy Care Lavender oil and swedish massage

Wat meet het onderzoek?

Primaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Labor pain intensity Visual Analog Scale
Tijdsspanne: During Childbirth ( to 24 hours)

Measurement tool: Visual Analog Scale Measurement time: 4 cm, 8 cm, 10 cm cervical dilation and immediately after delivery.

The scale is a 10 cm long scale used to assess pain intensity. Scores range from 0-100; higher scores indicate more severe pain.
During Childbirth ( to 24 hours)

Secundaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
State anxiety level, state and trait anxiety scale I
Tijdsspanne: Duration of first and second stage of labor servical opening 4-6 cm (up to 6 hours)
The scale consists of two subscales that measure state and trait anxiety. Each subscale comprises 20 items, with scores ranging from 20 to 80. Higher scores indicate a higher level of anxiety. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the Turkish form are between 0.83 and 0.87 for State anxiety level I and between 0.86 and 0.92 for Trait anxiety level.
Duration of first and second stage of labor servical opening 4-6 cm (up to 6 hours)
Trait anxiety level, state and trait anxiety scale II
Tijdsspanne: Duration of first and second stage of labor servical opening 6-10 cm (up to 4 hours)
State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-State Form II, a 20-item self-report instrument. Each item is rated on a 4-point Likert scale. Total scores range from 20 to 80, with higher scores indicating greater state anxiety. The instrument has demonstrated good reliability, with reported Cronbach's alpha values ranging from 0.83 to 0.87 in Turkish validation studies.
Duration of first and second stage of labor servical opening 6-10 cm (up to 4 hours)
Delivery Fear Scale
Tijdsspanne: During the first and second stages of labor. (up to 24 hours)
Fear of childbirth will be assessed using the Delivery Fear Scale, a 10-item self-report instrument developed to measure fear experienced during labor. Each item is scored from 1 to 10, resulting in a total score ranging from 10 to 100. Higher scores indicate greater fear of childbirth. The Turkish version of the scale demonstrated excellent internal consistency with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.90.
During the first and second stages of labor. (up to 24 hours)

Medewerkers en onderzoekers

Hier vindt u mensen en organisaties die betrokken zijn bij dit onderzoek.

Sponsor

Kutahya Health Sciences University

Onderzoekers

  • Hoofdonderzoeker: Hulya t Tosun, Phd. FM., Kutahya Health Science University

Publicaties en nuttige links

De persoon die verantwoordelijk is voor het invoeren van informatie over het onderzoek stelt deze publicaties vrijwillig ter beschikking. Dit kan gaan over alles wat met het onderzoek te maken heeft.

Algemene publicaties

  • Durmaz Fatma Cigdem Sirin, Tosun Hülya, Özlü Aysun COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF SWEDISH MASSAGE WITH NATURAL OILS DURING THE 1ST AND 2ND STAGES OF LABOR ON LABOR PAIN, FEAR AND ANXIETY LEVELS: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED STUDY . : . .

Nuttige links

Studie record data

Deze datums volgen de voortgang van het onderzoeksdossier en de samenvatting van de ingediende resultaten bij ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieverslagen en gerapporteerde resultaten worden beoordeeld door de National Library of Medicine (NLM) om er zeker van te zijn dat ze voldoen aan specifieke kwaliteitscontrolenormen voordat ze op de openbare website worden geplaatst.

Bestudeer belangrijke data

Studie start (Werkelijk)

24 juli 2024

Primaire voltooiing (Werkelijk)

14 januari 2025

Studie voltooiing (Werkelijk)

19 mei 2025

Studieregistratiedata

Eerst ingediend

4 juni 2026

Eerst ingediend dat voldeed aan de QC-criteria

11 juni 2026

Eerst geplaatst (Werkelijk)

17 juni 2026

Updates van studierecords

Laatste update geplaatst (Werkelijk)

17 juni 2026

Laatste update ingediend die voldeed aan QC-criteria

11 juni 2026

Laatst geverifieerd

1 juni 2026

Meer informatie

Termen gerelateerd aan deze studie

Trefwoorden

Aanvullende relevante MeSH-voorwaarden

Andere studie-ID-nummers

  • E-95961207-202.3.02-402

Plan Individuele Deelnemersgegevens (IPD)

Bent u van plan om gegevens van individuele deelnemers (IPD) te delen?

JA

Beschrijving IPD-plan

Study Protocol

Statistical Analysis Plan (SAP)

Informed Consent Form (ICF)

IPD-tijdsbestek voor delen

Can be shared between 27/08/2026 and 27/01/2030

IPD-toegangscriteria voor delen

Researchers working at universities. Master's and doctoral students,

IPD delen Ondersteunend informatietype

  • LEERPROTOCOOL
  • SAP
  • ICF

Bestudeer gegevens/documenten

  1. Leerprotocool
    Informatie-ID: Fatma Cigdem Sirin Durmaz
    Informatie opmerkingen: If the data would like, the researchers will send to researchers

Informatie over medicijnen en apparaten, studiedocumenten

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd geneesmiddel

Nee

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd apparaatproduct

Nee

Deze informatie is zonder wijzigingen rechtstreeks van de website clinicaltrials.gov gehaald. Als u verzoeken heeft om uw onderzoeksgegevens te wijzigen, te verwijderen of bij te werken, neem dan contact op met register@clinicaltrials.gov. Zodra er een wijziging wordt doorgevoerd op clinicaltrials.gov, wordt deze ook automatisch bijgewerkt op onze website .

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