Comparison Physiological Tooth Mobility and Retention Success in Patients Using Different Retainers
The purpose of this prospective clinical study is to comparatively evaluate the long-term stability of teeth, physiological tooth mobility, and effects on periodontal tissues of three different fixed lingual retainer materials used to prevent relapse following orthodontic treatment. A total of 80 participants whose orthodontic treatment is completed will be randomly and equally distributed into four groups as one control (n=20) and three study groups (n=20 each): Group 1 will receive CAD/CAM-fabricated 0.016-inch Nitinol wire; Group 2 will receive manually bent multi- strand 0.0215-inch stainless steel wire; and Group 3 will receive 0.030-inch stainless steel chain retainers. Control group will be 20 samples. Clinical and radiographic measurements will be performed at the day of debonding (T0) and at a 6-month follow-up (T1). Physiological tooth mobility will be measured objectively using a Periotest device. Relapse amounts will be assessed by superimposing intraoral digital scans via Nemocast software using Little's Irregularity Index, and the 6-month failure/breakage rates of the retainers will be recorded. The null hypothesis states that there is no statistically significant difference among the different retainer materials regarding tooth stability, relapse, and physiological mobility.
Studie Overzicht
Toestand
Conditie
Studietype
Inschrijving (Geschat)
Contacten en locaties
Studie Locaties
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Istanbul, Turkije (Türkiye), 34784
- Marmara University
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Deelname Criteria
Geschiktheidscriteria
Leeftijden die in aanmerking komen voor studie
Accepteert gezonde vrijwilligers
Geslachten die in aanmerking komen voor studie
Bemonsteringsmethode
Studie Bevolking
Healthy volunteers whose orthodontic treatment finalized and who waited for taking off braces.
Beschrijving
Inclusion Criteria:
- Patients who have undergone fixed orthodontic treatment at the Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, and whose treatment is nearing completion
- Patients whose treatment duration is between 2 and 3 years
- Patients with healthy periodontal tissue (plaque index and gingival index <1; bleeding on probing <10 per cent; no clinical attachment loss)
- Patients aged between 18 and 35
- Systemically healthy individuals
- Patients with deep bite for whom Nitinol wire retainers, manufactured using CAD/CAM technology and capable of being fitted without occlusal contact due to their adaptability to the occlusion, have been applied
- Patients for whom impressions cannot be taken to fabricate a retainer
- Patients without deep bite or a gag reflex who have had a standard retainer fitted
Exclusion Criteria:
- Patients who have undergone orthodontic treatment at another clinic
- Patients whose treatment lasted longer than 3 years or less than 2 years
- Patients with a cleft lip and palate or a related syndrome
- Patients with caries or dental prostheses on the teeth where the retainer is to be bonded
- Smokers
- Individuals with missing anterior teeth
- Individuals taking systemic medication that affects the immune system or may affect periodontal health (e.g. steroids)
- Pregnant or breastfeeding women
Studie plan
Hoe is de studie opgezet?
Ontwerpdetails
- Observatiemodellen: CASE_CONTROL
- Tijdsperspectieven: PROSPECTIVE
Cohorten en interventies
Groep / Cohort |
Interventie / Behandeling |
|---|---|
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1. Control
healthy gingiva, no smoking, non-pregnant, age:18-35, patients did not receive any orthodontic treatment and don't have bruxism and syndrome |
T0 Mobility measurement with Periotest device after orthodontic treatment finished; before retainer simantation and after simantation. T1 Mobility measurement with Periotest device 6 months later; with retainer and without retainer. T0 digital dental models will be taken with 3D scanner after orthodontic treatment finished; after retainer simantation. T1 digital dental models will be taken 6 months later with retainer. And Little irregularity index, arch length measurement will be performed. |
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2. CAD-CAM Nitinol wire (Memotain)
Just finished orthodontic treatment, healthy gingiva, no smoking, non-pregnant, age:18-35, patients don't have bruxism and syndrome |
T0 Mobility measurement with Periotest device after orthodontic treatment finished; before retainer simantation and after simantation. T1 Mobility measurement with Periotest device 6 months later; with retainer and without retainer. T0 digital dental models will be taken with 3D scanner after orthodontic treatment finished; after retainer simantation. T1 digital dental models will be taken 6 months later with retainer. And Little irregularity index, arch length measurement will be performed. |
|
3. Manually bent 6 multi- strand 0.0215-inch stainless steel wire
Just finished orthodontic treatment, healthy gingiva, no smoking, non-pregnant, age:18-35, patients don't have bruxism and syndrome |
T0 Mobility measurement with Periotest device after orthodontic treatment finished; before retainer simantation and after simantation. T1 Mobility measurement with Periotest device 6 months later; with retainer and without retainer. T0 digital dental models will be taken with 3D scanner after orthodontic treatment finished; after retainer simantation. T1 digital dental models will be taken 6 months later with retainer. And Little irregularity index, arch length measurement will be performed. |
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4. 0.030-inch stainless steel chain
Just finished orthodontic treatment, healthy gingiva, no smoking, non-pregnant, age:18-35, patients don't have bruxism and syndrome |
T0 Mobility measurement with Periotest device after orthodontic treatment finished; before retainer simantation and after simantation. T1 Mobility measurement with Periotest device 6 months later; with retainer and without retainer. T0 digital dental models will be taken with 3D scanner after orthodontic treatment finished; after retainer simantation. T1 digital dental models will be taken 6 months later with retainer. And Little irregularity index, arch length measurement will be performed. |
Wat meet het onderzoek?
Primaire uitkomstmaten
Uitkomstmaat |
Maatregel Beschrijving |
Tijdsspanne |
|---|---|---|
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Tooth mobility
Tijdsspanne: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 months
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Tooth mobility will be assessed using the Periotest device. The device will be applied to the buccal surface of the tooth, and the Periotest value (PTV) will be recorded according to the manufacturer's instructions. Higher PTV values indicate greater tooth mobility. Measurements will be recorded as Periotest values (PTV). |
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 months
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Secundaire uitkomstmaten
Uitkomstmaat |
Maatregel Beschrijving |
Tijdsspanne |
|---|---|---|
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Little irregularity
Tijdsspanne: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 months
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Anterior dental irregularity will be assessed using Little's Irregularity Index, measured as the sum of the five linear displacements between the anatomic contact points of the mandibular anterior teeth, in millimeters (mm). This assessment will be performed on digital intraoral models by using Orthomodel (Orthomodel, İstanbul, Türkiye) software. |
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 months
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Arch length
Tijdsspanne: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 months
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Dental arch length will be assessed by measuring the linear distance from the midpoint between the central incisors to a line connecting the distal surfaces of the first permanent molars, in millimeters (mm). This assessment will be performed on digital intraoral models by using Orthomodel (Orthomodel, İstanbul, Türkiye) software. |
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 months
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Medewerkers en onderzoekers
Sponsor
Publicaties en nuttige links
Algemene publicaties
- Kucera J, Marek I, Littlewood SJ. The effect of different bonded retainer wires on tooth mobility immediately after orthodontic treatment. Eur J Orthod. 2022 Mar 30;44(2):178-186. doi: 10.1093/ejo/cjab038.
- Kucuk EB, Celik Guler O, Fatih Arpag O, Eren HK. Effect of different fixed lingual retainers on tooth mobility: prospective clinical study. Acta Odontol Scand. 2025 Dec 10;84:577-582. doi: 10.2340/aos.v84.44808.
- Tanaka E, Ueki K, Kikuzaki M, Yamada E, Takeuchi M, Dalla-Bona D, Tanne K. Longitudinal measurements of tooth mobility during orthodontic treatment using a periotest. Angle Orthod. 2005 Jan;75(1):101-5. doi: 10.1043/0003-3219(2005)0752.0.CO;2.
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